The Amendment Of The Fourteenth Amendment

(1962) this was a landmark decision that decided that redistricting issues present justiciable questions, therefore the federal courts had to intervene and decide redistricting cases. It resulted in the defendants being unsuccessful. This case said that the law upheld by the Tennessee Constitution regarding the establishment of districts was a violation of the 14th amendment to the United States Constitution. It has to do with the equal protection clause; this clause forces every individual citizen of the United States to be treated equally and without bias with regard to their pursuit of happiness. The 14th Amendment to the United States Constitution does not allow the government to infringe on the individual person’s rights to pursue a happy

The“ Black Codes” and “ The reconstruction Amendments ” (Documents B and A) are articles that support the argument that African Americans weren't free during reconstruction period as well as, used to diminish the liberty of the “ Freedmen ”.This was displayed by introducing new significant challenges that controlled the labor and behavior of former slaves and other African Americans. Furthermore this also claims to assist the counter argument that, former slaves were free and in addition introduces the idea that the institution of slavery continued to exist in spirit if not in law. Under the command of President Andrew Johnson in 1865 and 1866, new southern state legislatures passed restrictive “ Black Codes ” to control the labor and behavior of the freedmen and other African Americans. Outrage in the north over these codes destroyed support for the approach known as Presidential Reconstruction and led to the victory of the more radical part of the Republican Party. Some of these codes were extreme and absurd, for example SECTION

The 1860s were an extremely turbulent decade with numerous cultural, social, and political upheavals in America. During this time period the 13th and 14th amendments were ratified giving African Americans more freedom than they had ever had. However even with the ratification of these amendments whites and blacks were still segregated. It's not possible to achieve equality while the two are races are separated. Equality can only be achieved through communication, so you can begin to understand each other's side.

The fourteenth Amendment from the United States Constitution was adopted in July 9,1868 and was premeditated as one of the Reconstruction Amendments. This Amendment was to address citizenship rights and equal protection of laws. It was also proposed in response to problems related to former slaves forming from the Civil War. Mostly the 14th Amendment includes equal rights because the 1st section of the 14th Amendment States that all people are born or naturalized in the United States and are subject to the juridification thereof, are U.S citizens and no State can enforce any law which shall abridge the privileges or immunities of citizens of the United States. The 15th Amendment was addressed for granting African-American men the right to vote.

These were known as the "Black Codes" a law passed by Southern states during the same year if the 13th Amendment. These codes may have given African Americans the rights to be able to go to court, marry, and own their own home but not without a price. The price they paid is that they were not allowed to serve in the military and juries. But the most important is that they could not testify against white people. They had this law to limit the freedom of African Americans keeping them as near to slavery. Even with their new found freedom African Americans still lived in poverty due to their lack of education which they were denied of and had no choice but still work for white landowners to make a living. In 1868 the 14th Amendment passed giving the former slaves American citizenship and two years later the 15th Amendment also passed giving the African American men the right to vote. But this string of improvement to the lives of African American came to a halt with the Compromise of 1877. This compromise settled the wildly disputed presidential election between Republican Rutherford Hayes and Democrat Samuel Tiden. The compromise is that for Hayes to become president the Democrats wanted him to withdraw the federal troops from the South and give the South home rule of their area. This is important because with the federal troops gone there was no longer anyone in the South to enforce the 14th and the 15th Amendment. This compromise caused an end to the Reconstruction

Imagine living in a world where everyone was considered equal. Imagine living in a world where people were considerate of others. Imagine living in a world where everyone had the same rights and privileges. The Framers took a step at achieving this world with the passage of the 14th amendment. The intent of the 14th amendment was to prevent state governments from denying African Americans in the U.S. from their citizenship. At the time Africans were unable to attain citizenship because of their skin color. The Framer’s objective in formulating the 14th amendment was to grant citizenship to everyone born in the U.S., regardless of skin color. The 14th amendment expanded the protection of civil rights to all citizens in America.

The 14th Amendment provides that no government shall take away the individual right to life, liberty, and property, within its jurisdiction, without due process of law.

The Fourteenth Amendment was ratified in 1868. This ratification altered the balance of state and federal power. It prevented states from denying basic civil rights and gave Congress power to implement its assurance of liberty and equality. Despite that each state was required to approve the Fourteenth Amendment which granted “equal protection” of the Constitution to former slaves, the Ku Klux Klan did not honor this protection. Not only didn’t the Klan disregard the Fourteenth Amendment, the Supreme Court also became unsympathetic to the rights of blacks and wary of congressional interference in state affairs. The Supreme Court severely limited Congress’ civil rights power by tapering interpreting the Fourteenth Amendment, which led to many civil rights being watered down.

John A. Bingham, Republican of Ohio had long been a believer in the idea of equal protection of the laws for all people, and was one of the leaders of the effort to pass the Fourteenth Amendment. While aware of the need to prove the constitutionality of the Civil Rights Act with the Fourteenth Amendment, Bingham did not actually believe that the Fourteenth Amendment created any new rights. Rather, he believed that it created a new understanding of rights already in the Constitution. Bingham maintained that, “The…equal protection of each [in] those sacred rights which are as universal and indestructible as the human race…are by this Constitution guaranteed…’” The guarantee to which Bingham was referring is contained in the Fifth

Since the Thirteenth Amendment was passed in America than that means that all of the slaves are free and get the same rights as any usual white man. Thirteenth amendment makes slavery and involuntary servitude, in America it is illegal to have slaves. President Andrew Johnson helped get the thirteenth amendment ratified by three-fourths of the state in 1865. To pass a law the state legislatures have to vote more than three fourths or else the law does not become a law. It also takes a long time for all of the legislatures to vote on it because they have to talk about it and agree or disagree with each other and that could become a very long time before the law gets approved or not. They ended slavery after the Civil War and the Senate proposed the thirteenth amendment in 1864. Slavery was the main reason that the Civil War started. Abraham Lincoln started it by trying to put the Thirteenth Amendment into the Constitution. Kentucky is the only state that still uses the Union and declined to emancipate slaves. Kentucky is one of the states that allowed people to have slaves and have people work for them legally. The thirteenth amendment is the subject of controversy. The Supreme Court ruled the Thirteenth amendment and says that it does not apply to discrimination in private relationships. Mississippi did not ratify the thirteenth amendment. Mississippi was allowed to be

According to the thirteenth amendment, “neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, except as a punishment for crime whereof the party shall have been duly convicted, shall exist within the United States, or any place subject to their jurisdiction.” The purpose of the thirteenth amendment was to end slavery or any form of involuntary servitude everywhere among the United States. There was new hope for African Americans throughout the country but unfortunately their freedom had a limit and coincidentally, President Lincoln was assassinated shortly after. Jim Crow laws were established among the states and local laws enforcing racial segregation in the southern states of the United States up until 1965. This is how white southerners

The Bill of Rights are the first ten amendments from the United States Constitution. The Bill of Rights was written by James Madison on December 15, 1791. The purpose of the Bill of Rights is to address the rights of the individuals that the Constitution did not specified correctly and it also was written to protect the rights of the individuals liberties even if the majority wanted to take them away.

The fourteenth amendment is also known as equal protection clause. Under the fourteenth amendment, the U.S. Constitution prohibits the states from denying a person that lives in the state the equal rights of the law (LII, 2017). The fourteenth amendment applies to education, especially those that are English language learners (ELL), this means that these students cannot be denied the same rights as non-English language learners. In the Supreme Court case of Lau v Nichols in 1974, this case involved a Chinese American student that attended the San Francisco Unified School District, this student was placed into a general education classroom despite the lack of being proficient in English (Wright, 2010). The school in which this student attended was found in violation, the school was giving ELL students the same material as all other students who speak proficient English and expected the Chinese American student to be able to comprehend the information that is being taught. School districts need to provide the same material, but in a modified form where the student’s will be able to access the information to learn it in the same manner as those non-English language learners.

On a date that will be remembered forever as a step forward for our nation, July 28, 1868, the Fourteenth Amendment became part of the U.S. Constitution. The Fourteenth Amendment gave a new sense of hope and inspiration to a once oppressed people. It was conceived to be the foundation for restoring America to its great status and prosperity. The Amendment allowed “equal protection under the law”, no matter what race, religion, sex, sexual preference or social status. It was designed to protect the newly freed slaves. However, it only helped the white race.

The 14th Amendment was one of the Amendments that struggled from being ratified. It was rejected by some of the northern and southern states because they don’t want the slaves to have their equal rights. Furious, the members of the Congress placed the Southern States under the military rule forcing them to ratify the said amendment. It allowed citizenship, state action, privileges or amnesties, due process clause and equal protection. It also granted apportionment of representatives, disqualification for rebellion, debts incurred during rebellion and enforcement clause.