The Beginning and the End of the Weekend

Daily Life in 1865- the day would start with the sun coming out and people having to get up and get ice from a huge iceburg and bring it back home to keep food and drinks cold.

I am going to perform Those Winter Sundays by Robert Hayden. in this poem Hayden explains how hard a speaker’s father worked. The term “blue-black cold” depicts the very early cold morning when the sky is between black and blue. It illustrates how early the father wakes up. He wakes up before sunrise which really had with a person who is tired to do that. Although it was difficult for him to wake up this early, he does it anyway to provide for his family. He doesn’t get enough sleep, but he is such a hard worker that the reader is able to grasp his hard work with the description “cracked hands that ached.” His cracked hands that ached further highlights his sacrifice. The word “ached” shows us a strong meaning for hard work. It shows that

Wages were very low for the amount of work people were expected to do. People would only make anywhere from $1.25-$1.50 for the entire 10-12 hour workday. Not only were these wages extremely low, but employees often lived in expensive company housing which left barely any money for the other necessities of life. Nobody was satisfied with the wages during this time period but another struggle was the long hours. People worked 60-80 hour work weeks in the hot overcrowded factories, only doing one monotonous job. Lastly, the boss was very distant from the work crowd and there was little to no contact between the two groups. Also, the workers were very controlled by the foreman. The doors were locked on all floors to prevent theft during the day and bathroom breaks would be monitored by a floor manager. Overall, during the late 1800’s everyone was overworked and underpaid and this led to many troubles as years went on.

In the 1800s and early 1900s working conditions were much harsher than now. Long hours and small wages made up a day in the life of someone living in the late 1800s to the early 1900s. The Haymarket Riot was the result of the bombing in Chicago. “In the summer 1886 the campaign for an eight-hour day, long a rallying cry that united American laborers, culminated in a national strike on May 1, 1886. Between 300,000 and 500,000 workers struck across the country. In Chicago, police forces killed several workers while breaking up protestors at the McCormick reaper works. Labor leaders and radicals called for a protest at Haymarket Square the following day, which police also proceeded to break up. But as they did, a bomb exploded and killed seven policemen. Police fired into the crowd, killing four. The deaths of the Chicago policemen sparked outrage across the nation and the sensationalization of the “Haymarket Riot” helped many Americans to associate unionism with radicalism” (Yawp). As a result of the Haymarket Riot was the loss of members of the Knight of Labor. “The national movement for an eight-hour day collapsed”(Yawp). The Haymarket Riot played an important role in illustrating how labor was in the late 1800s to the

(Ways of Workers) Most people farmed. The average American worker earned approximately $12.98 per week for 59 hours of work in 1900—$674.96 a year. Most workers did not earn that much money. There were no paid vacations, holidays or sick leave. (Baer)

The demand carried by hundreds of trade unionists through Worcester’s cold streets in the winter of 1889 was the same carried throughout American labor struggles in the late nineteenth and early twentieth century, “eight hours for what we will.” Equally, or in other words, logically, a day divided consists of three-eight hour sections and what countless American laborers sought during this time was eight hours for work, eight hours for sleep/rest, and eight hours for what he or she sought for leisure. This historical monograph focuses on how workers sparred to keep those eight hours for leisure and for them, what those hours signified. Centering the focus on working-class recreation in

Kracha portrays the two distinct classes in America as “it’s run just like any other country. In Europe your emperors and grand dukes own everything and over here it’s your millionaires and your trust” (Bell 66). Specifically, the May Day Strike where the working class rose against the owners in order to receive eight hour work days on May 1, 1886, where numerous workers left business all over the nation. Unfortunately, on May 3. 1886 violence broke out against the strikers and the police resulting in two strikers killed and many wounded. Violence also occurred in the Homestead strike resulting in “ten men were dead, seven of them steelworkers, and sixty wounded” (Bell 42). These protests by working men for their rights ultimately always ended in violence were the government had to break up the

In the mid-1800s lots of things were being made by machine. For example: clothing, shoes, watches, guns, and farming machines were made. In 1840 the workday was 11 ½ hours. The workers were very tired and they most likely would have accidents. Workers and even children were hurt a lot by the machines. In the summer they were hot and in the winter they were cold, because there was not air conditioning or a heater in the factories. There were no laws to help the working conditions, and even to protect them. The owners didn't care about the workers, they cared about the money. Children would work six days a week and 12 hours or more a day. In the factories it was really hard and dangerous. Children would work the machines

The working conditions and working rights in the late 1800s and early 1900s were lacking and required some help to make more humane. Before any of the laws that helped reform our nation, working in mines or factories was dangerous and not worth the effort. Secondly, the hours were unethical, as workers sometimes had to toil away for 12 hours, seven days a week with a one day break every two weeks. Workers who were fighting for their rights were not alone, as there were some people who also believed morality was more important at the moment. The changes made were for the better and made the world of hard labor a better place. Thankfully, these rules were not ever taken away and people now live to know that they will earn the money and rights that they deserve.

Even though the eight-hour day movement were widespreading, there was only a minority of workers initially won the Eight-Hour Day. Overtime working had caused stress on the workers as male death had a large increasing throughout 1890 to 1914 from being over tired.

working hours. To overcome the marginalization for the working class, they created labor movements and

The movement for the eight-hour workday was one of the most violent struggles for laborers. Their struggle is defined by protests that were broken up by the police and the Pinkertons. The Pinkertons were a mercenary police group

As the strength of business leaders and corporations grew, the unskilled laborers were finding themselves in unbearable working conditions. Many workers, including women and children, were working ten to twelve hour days, six days a week, at low wages. Prior to the Civil War, the labor movement was unorganized. However, there were small labor organizations known as Workingmen's Parties, which were the first attempts to organize disgruntled workers during the 1820's and 1830's. Skilled laborers in New York, Philadelphia, and Chicago joined workingmen's parties in order to try to control municipal politics in order to protect their interests. Controlled by the middle and upper-class leaders, these groups believed that the workers had the power

Because there were many immigrants coming to America during the Gilded Age, there was an abundant amount of labor. There were so many people in America at the time that there were more workers than there were jobs. Since there were more people than jobs, many companies would pay workers lower wages. The wages that were given were so low many people could barely survive or live comfortably. Because it was a struggle for families to survive from parent’s income alone, many children had to work. Depending on the company, some children were paid little to no money for their services. In addition to low wages, companies made people work longer days which could range from ten to twelve hours a day with minimum to no off days. The significant increase of people coming to America led business owners to abuse the labor they had for their companies.

The early 1900s was a time of many movements, from the cities to the rural farms; people were uniting for various causes. One of the most widespread was the labor movement, which affected people far and wide. Conditions in the nation’s workplaces were notoriously poor, but New York City fostered the worst. Factories had started out in the city’s tenements, which were extremely cramped, poorly ventilated, and thoroughly unsanitary. With the advent of skyscrapers, factories were moved out of the tenements and into slightly larger buildings, which still had terrible conditions. Workers were forced to work long hours (around 12 hours long) six hours a day, often for extremely low pay. The pay was also extremely lower for women, who made up a