Essay about The Ebola Virus

The pathogen infects many cell types, including monocytes, macrophages, dendritic cells, endothelial cells, fibroblasts, hepatocytes, adrenal cortical cells, and epithelial cells. Because of the difficulty of performing clinical studies under outbreak conditions, almost all data on the pathogenesis of Ebola virus diseases have been obtained from laboratory experiments employing mice, guinea pigs, and a variety of nonhuman primates. Patients with Ebola virus disease typically have an abrupt onset of symptoms 8 to 10 days after exposure (range 2 to 21 days). The incubation period for the individual patient depends, in part, upon the type of exposure. Scientist follow guidelines recommended from the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and the World Health Organization (WHO) for the management of patients who are known or suspected to be infected with Ebola virus. These recommendations include isolation of hospitalized patients with known or suspected Ebola virus disease and correct use and removal of recommended personal protective equipment. These patients are highly contaminated if it is true that they have the virus. If you do not follow all rules and guidelines for the safety of your immune system and body, it is possible you can become infected with the Ebola virus as well. (Up To

Ebola is the virus Ebolavirus (EBOV), a viral genus, and the disease Ebola hemorrhagic fever (EHF), a viral hemorrhagic fever (VHF). The virus is named after the Ebola River Valley in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (formerly Zaire), which is near the site of the first recognized outbreak in 1976 at a mission hospital run by Flemish nuns. It has remained largely obscure until 1989 when several widely publicized outbreaks occurred among

Ebola is described by the author in deep detail telling the progression of which it goes through. It starts with a headache and backache and ends with all of your internal organs failing “bleeding out” like Charles Monet. There are four filoviruses: Ebola virus (EBOV), Sudan virus (SUDV), Marburg virus (MARV), and Ravn virus (RAVV). They are all Level 4 biohazard, which means they are extremely dangerous to humans especially because they are so infectious, have a high death rate, and there are no medicines, treatments, or cures.

Although Ebola caught the world’s attention during the 1995 outbreak in Zaire, the first outbreak occurred in 1976. As the chart below displays, 71% of the people infected died as a result of Ebola during this first outbreak (Bulletin of the World Health Organization, 56 (2): 247-270, 1978). With the current outbreak, this ratio has dramatically decreased as a result of scientific research leading to early detection, but the current infected population is more than 20 times the amount of any previous outbreak and this number continues to grow as no vaccine exists to prevent the disease.

Ebola was first discovered in 1976 near the Ebola River which is now the Democratic Republic of the Congo. There are five identified ebola virus species: Ebola virus (Zaire ebolavirus); Sudan virus (Sudan ebolavirus); Taï Forest virus (Taï Forest ebolavirus); and the Bundibugyo virus (Bundibugyo ebolavirus). The fifth, Reston virus (Reston ebolavirus), causes disease in nonhuman primates. There have been ebola outbreaks in Africa starting in 1976 and lasting until 2016. These outbreaks have occurred as a result of human to human contact with bodily fluids which happens mostly during funerals of the deceased and population migration between countries. Patterns between outbreaks could potentially

Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) is a virus transmitted from humans or animals through body fluids. It is transmitted by means of contact with infected blood, mucous membranes, semen and other secretions, therefore being skin lesions and sexual contact significant ways of transmission (Boulton, 2014). As a transmittable disease, progression of the virus had been thought to be linked to higher probabilities of transmission, and therefore safety of persons in contact with infected patients was in question (Yamin et al., 2015). A study conducted in Liberia in 2014 proved such hypothesis to be true and concluded that prompt and accurate isolation of infected patients was a safe method

The Ebola virus is one of few viruses labelled into the haemorrhagic fever Filoviridae and is classified as an RNA viral fever. Consequently, word filo originates from the Latin meaning threadlike which structurally explains the physical appearance. (Weissenhorn, W. Dessen. A Calder, L. Harrison, S. Skehel, Wiley, D. C. Molecular, 1999). Due to the highly pathogenic nature of the virus, the Filoviridae is associated with two main species; the Marburg-like virus and the Ebola-like virus. The Ebola virus is

Diagnosis of the Ebola virus is very hard to do. You need a specialized laboratory to perform the blood test. These laboratories are not available commercially, so basically only the government can do it. The lab is an extreme bio hazard. It is conducted under maximum containment conditions.

Ebola, once transmitted to a human is referred as Ebola hemorrhagic fever, is an uncommon viral infection that deliberately targets every part of the human body with the exception of the skeletal system. When this lethal disease enters the host, it will first cause pain throughout the body and dramatically increase the body's temperature. Next, internal and external bleeding tends to occur, specifically form the face. After that, it will simply destroy the bodily tissue that holds the host's organs together. Aside from this, what the virus actually does and how it is transmitted, little to nothing is known due to the complex structure of the infectious disease, as there are five identified Ebola virus species. Four of the five affect humans

The Ebola virus is a virus that has been transmitted throughout Western and Central Africa throughout the past forty years. The virus looks like a long, tube-shaped cell that often tangles over itself; it is about 80 nm in diameter and can grow up to 14,000 nm long (TKH Virology Notes Ebola, n.d.). The Ebola virus was first discovered in Sudan, near a river by the same name. The virus was first discovered in 1976, and is still around today. The ebola virus is in the Filoviridae family and the Ebolavirus genus. There are five known strains of the Ebola virus, they are Tai Forest ebolavirus, Reston ebolavirus, Bundibugyo ebolavirus, Sudan ebolavirus and Zaire ebolavirus (Ebola virus disease, n.d.). The Ebola virus is believed to have started

However, a range of potential treatments including blood products, immune therapies, and drug therapies are being evaluated. Scientists are also studying the nucleoprotein within Ebola which is essential in “assembling the viral genome and forming new viral particles” (Madhusoodanan) and allowing it to spread. If these scientists can determine the nucleoprotein's structure, they can identify drugs that will disrupt the activity of this nucleoprotein. Without the nucleoprotein, the Ebola particles cannot replicate and cause disease. They hope eventually there will be a pill accessible even to regions with minimal access to healthcare. Unfortunately, there are no officially licensed vaccines for the Ebola virus disease. Medical professionals are testing for two potential candidates. One is called Zmapp and is still in the experimental stage. Testing is being conducted in high outbreak areas where people are naturally exposed to Ebola and willing to participate in the study (Brown). Until these medications are approved, several prevention methods are helpful in preventing transmission. These prevention methods include close surveillance and contact tracing, dependable laboratory services, safe burials and social mobilization. The Ebola virus disease is very dangerous and at times can be very deadly. It is critical, therefore, that the community raises awareness in an effort to reduce human transmission of the

Ebola is introduced into the human population through close contact with blood, organs and other fluids of infected animals.

The symptoms of Ebola are a fever, headache, joint and muscle aches, vomiting, stomach pain, sore throat, diarrhea, weakness and occasionally read eyes, rashes, hiccups, and internal and external bleeding and since these symptoms are not specific to Ebola, it is difficult to clinically diagnose and can often be confused with other viruses. The ELISA testing, short for enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and virus isolation are a couple of examples of the types of laboratory testing that can be done to diagnose and Ebola patient. Because of how easily it can be transmitted, it is extremely difficult to treat and there is no approved, official treatment. As of now, there is not standard treatment but usually the patients are given fluids and oxygen, have their blood pressure monitored and other necessary treatment. To prevent transmission and spreading the virus, the doctors use extreme caution and wear head to toe protective gear and isolate the patient. Even though the Ebola virus is common in Africa, there has been no known outbreak in the United States. Another difficulty facing scientists and the treatment for Ebola is that the natural reservoir for the virus unknown. The natural reservoir of a virus is it’s long term host of the

The Ebola virus was first found near the Ebola River in what is now known as the Democratic Republic of the Congo in 1976. Since its discovery it has infected people sporadically throughout the years. These random infections have led to EVD outbreaks in many African countries. It is not known where the Ebola virus originated. In spite of it’s unknown origin, its likeness to other similar viruses leads scientists to suspect that the virus comes from animals. (CDC). Scientists believe that people are infected with EDV after contact with an infected animal for example, primates or fruit bats (CDC). This phenomenon is called a “spillover event” (cdc2) after the initial infection the virus moves on to infect a human host then goes from person to person.

Normally infecting fruit bats, the Ebola virus found a mutation allowing it to spread to humans. This virus is an acute and often fatal illness. This virus first erupted in two outbreaks in 1976 (one occurring in Nzara and Sudan, while the other occurred in a village near the Ebola river, where the virus takes its name.) The current outbreak, starting in West Africa with the potential to spread throughout the world,  is  larger and more complex than previous outbreaks. This virus has caused more deaths than all other past Ebola outbreaks combined. With approximately five people infected with the virus every hour in Sierra Leone alone, how far – and how fast – will the Ebola virus go?