In the beginning, government was created: the beginning of America, that is. Since this beginning, and also considerably long before it, government has been deemed as absolutely necessary to avoid anarchy and destruction. The Founders of the Constitution faced a challenge that had never been dealt with before: they needed a way to create a democracy but also nurture the notion that not every citizen was equipped to decide on issues facing the country. Direct democracy never even crossed the minds of each individual Founder because they immediately recognized its foolishness. They struggled, then, with making sure every citizen’s rights were protected while still having an effective government. From this, the idea of representative democracy was born. Coming up with ideas for the Constitution was difficult, but seeing that the document would be accepted by a majority of the states proved to be even harder. James Madison and others wrote the Federalist Papers to try to convince the states to institute the new Constitution. One paper in particular, the fifty-first, proved to be useful in showing how the rights of the people would be protected in this new representative government. Through the fifty-first Federalist Paper, it can be deduced that James Madison thought of the people as their own branch of government with their own set of governmental characteristics.
In order to critically analyze what was being said in Madison’s paper, the content and context must be
Through “Federalist No. 10”, Madison explains his reasons for his belief that the new government and Constitution would prevail and be superior to more democratic forms of government since the representation proposed would allow for more security and would “refine and enlarge the public views” (Madison 1). The Constitution would also call for a separation of national and state governments, allowing there to be specific representation for states along with other representation occurring for the country as a whole which would take into consideration the roles of the state governments as well. This form of government, Madison argues, would make sure that the “encreased variety of parties, comprised within the union, encrease [the] security” of each party and of those represented through the government (2). Through the republic formed through the Constitution, there would be enough democracy for the people to be represented by delegates through elections and would even allow for more security since the democracy present before the forming of the Constitution was “incompatible with person security, or the rights of property” since there was too much freedom provided to the people (1). The republic, Madison argues, “promises the cure for which [they] are seeking” (1).
The creation of the US constitution was prompted my many different things going on. What established America’s national government and fundamental laws is the U.S constitution. It also guarantees basic rights for its citizens. The U.S constitution was signed on September 17, 1787 in Philadelphia, Pa. The first document before the U.S constitution was the Articles of Confederation, with that the government wasn’t very strong and the states didn’t act like they do today. In 1787, at the 1787 convention, delegates made a decision to make a stronger federal government that consisted of the executive, legislative, and the judicial branches. That wasn’t it either, it also had a system of checks and balances because they did not want one branch to be able to overpower another branch. The ten amendments of the Bill of Rights guarantees protections for people like religion and freedom of speech. In total, there are twenty-seven constitutional amendments.
Madison concludes that self-government flourishes in a large country containing many different groups. Some countries are too large for self-government, but the proposed plan modifies the federal principle enough to make self-government both possible and practical in the Untied States.
The great men the Ratified the country, new how to face these problems with a right of mind and dignity. The American people need the Bill of Rights to help them overcome problems being thrown at them by both partie of the government. The founding fathers realized that an equal balance of powers would be needed to control the power of the different areas of the government. Representation was a major concern of the states. The Constitution solved that problem by making an agreeable compromise that would satisfy the demands of all the states. The writers of the Constitution used their knowledge of the concerns of the people to create a document that would satisfy the new
An article of Confederation was adopted by the Continental Congress, on November 15, 1777. It was the first constitution of America. Though, ratification of the Articles of Confederation by all thirteen states did not take place until March 1, 1781. After some all the states realised that article of Confederation is inadequate to resolve the national and international issues. As a result on March 4, 1789, Articles of Confederation was replaced by the new Constitution of 1787. This new constitution was signed by the members of the Constitutional Convention on September 17, 1787 in Philadelphia. In new constitution, members tried to strengthen the central government. The new constitution was the demand of time. It was more practical. It was broader than the article of Confederation. Under article of Confederation, states were free to form their military. But under new Constitution of 1787, this power was taken from states and given to centre. In new constitution, foreign affair and defence department was given to federal government. No state was given power to sign treaties with other nations. Some changes were also brought in the composition of congress under new constitution. Now, seats in congress were decided on the basis of population of each state.
At the Constitutional Convention of 1787, the original purpose of the convention was to revise the Articles of Confederation. However, despite this original goal, many of the delegates sought the creation of a new government. Leading this movement were James Madison and Alexander Hamilton. Both men sought change but had significantly different causes for action. Madison believed the best solution was for the executive power to be checked by the legislature as a means to best represent the people. Hamilton instead believed that the federal government should be based upon the British constitution and monarchy. At the convention 's conclusion, the delegates had created the U.S. Constitution which included several major political compromises
In 1787, our founding fathers came up with a few principles that would establish what we now know as the United States of America. These principles were put on paper to serve as a guideline for how the United States would be operated and structured. This historical piece paper became known as the Constitution of the United States. In the Constitution, a Preamble is implemented at the beginning that essentially tells what the founding fathers set out to do.
The creation of the U.S. Constitution consisted of a series of conflicts and compromises. The competing interests of the central players that created the U.S Constitution had to focus on achievable goals rather than their own political interests. The political process can be conflictual but the process matters. It is essential to implementing decisions in our government, which provides order and our general welfare. Some conflicts that can be seen in the creation of the Constitution are political theories and economic interests. Those compromises made were decisions in balancing majority rule versus minority rights, allocating power between large and small states, as well as national power versus state and local power.
After America gained independence from England, the founding fathers wanted a government that would not overrule the people using the rules under the Articles of Confederation. The founding fathers did not want their government to be like England’s because Americans fought for their freedom and for the people’s voices to be heard, so that’s what the government had to be, fair. However, the new government system was too weak, and created major problems that all led up to the making of the constitution.The government had no power to collect taxes, nobody to carry out laws, no national court, and they couldn’t regulate trade. They decided that the constitution would be a better government for the people and would have power, but not too much
The inception of the Constitution Act, 1982 is inarguably a highly significant event in Canada’s political history, and has impacted the political and legal landscape in numerous ways. The Charter of Rights and Freedoms regulates interaction and communication between the government and individuals, granting them with much needed protection of their rights and freedoms. Needless to say, these rights and freedoms are a critical part of the democratic political system and it is believed by many that the Charter is one of the most important legislations in Canada, as it allows laws that infringe the rights and freedoms of individuals to come under scrutiny and removed if necessary. Despite these protections that are guaranteed by the Charter
The novel The Summer of 1787: The Men Who Invented the Constitution chronicles in depth the taxing process that led to establishing a new draft of government, the Constitution. Its author David O. Stewart is an adept man, whose notable achievements well qualify him to write in the genre of American History. Stewart has been practicing law in Washington D.C. for over twenty-five years, with many of his cases concerning constitutional law. With this career, Stewart has had the opportunity to not only defend criminals but to challenge government actions as being unconstitutional and to argue cases before the United States Supreme Court, providing him with extensive knowledge of the constitution. While preparing to brief one of these cases to the Supreme Court, Stewart read every page of Madison’s notes from the Constitutional Convention, all five hundred plus, which sparked his desire to write about the Convention. In his writing career, Stewart has been featured in many esteemed columns and newspapers as well as nominated for multiple awards for his work, which often focuses on law. His first novel, The Summer of 1787: The Men Who Invented the Constitution, was published by Simon and Schuster and copyrighted in 2007, and contains three hundred forty-nine pages. Special features of the novel include two appendixes, which explain the elector system in depth and display the Constitution. The novel also includes a section of further reading suggestions as well
In the late 1700’s, our founding fathers worked together to establish a structural government that would stand strong enough to carry our nation for as long as possible. It was agreed to avoid our government as “true democracy” in which citizens would rule themselves, but rather a representative democracy or a “constitutional republic.” Developed in writing were rules of law, separation of powers including three different branches of government, checks and balances, civil liberties or rights to the people and division of powers between federal and state governments.
One of the main debates the framers had, among the many, was how much power the government would have. James Madison, the author of federalist paper number 51 and who stood against the anti-federalist, said that it was necessary to have a check and balance system implemented on the government in order to avoid the risk of giving too much power to one entity. He said that the people will “check” their government ultimately having the power (Chapter 2, Section 8 OTD). This statement is true, but it had other limitations on the people because Madison developed an insulated system which gave the masses power to pick their house of representatives, but its system then narrowed to give power to those who were educated to make choices based on State Legislators and the Electoral College. After this process, those chosen got to decide who got picked as senators and President. The votes underwent a system that was filtered, so in the end the social elitists were the only ones to have the choice of who was to be elected giving them the true position of power not the people. The masses had the potential to be rational and reasonable people, as John Locke indicated, but they are too uneducated in the field of politics (Chapter 1, Section 2 OTD). It’s evident that the elite understood what was needed in a macro scale, whereas a common individual was more concerned with daily issues that they were faced like doing chores. Not to say that the common person’s interests
Even with a representative government, its separation of powers, and a system of checks and balances, Madison also favored the implementation of a written Constitution, detailing the limits of the federal government’s power. The written Constitution of the United States created a paradigm shift in the way the world viewed Constitutions. It created a tangible means whereby citizens could hold the government accountable. While the Constitution of the United States accomplished many goals in regards to establishing the role of the federal government, it left much open to
The Constitution of the United States of America was ratified in 1789. It begins with, “We the People of the United States, in Order to form a more perfect Union, establish Justice, insure domestic Tranquility, provide for the common defense, promote the general Welfare, and secure the Blessings of Liberty to ourselves and our Posterity, do ordain and establish this Constitution for the United States of America.” The constitution was to serve basic rights to citizens, such as establishing fairness between each and every individual, insure that all men are treated equally, and insure that the Federal Government, along with the executive branch, maintains the law and peace inside the country. This means that it tries to prevent altercations and rebellion inside and outside of the country. It was ratified in Philadelphia on September 17.1787 by delegates to the Constitutional Convention.