The Impact of the Scientific Revolution on Society and Religion

Ptolemy, a Roman astronomer came up with the theory that the universe revolved around Earth and all the creatures inhabiting it (Doc. C). This theory, The Geocentric Universe of Ptolemy, was adjusted by most of the people during The Middle Ages. However, much later on, Nicolaus Copernicus, a Polish astronomer, disagreed with Ptolemy’s theory. With his use of math and reason, he came up with a new theory called The Heliocentric Universe of Copernicus (Doc. C). He said that the universe & Earth itself revolves around the sun. The Church denied this theory because they did not want to be proven wrong. If the Church was wrong about this part of the universe, this would then cause man to wonder what else they could be wrong about, or even lied to them about. This new theory taught men to think for themselves and not to rely on the Church for

During the seventeenth century, the scientific revolution in Europe was at its peak, changing people’s lives through the new techniques of the scientific method. Citizens of western civilizations had previously used religion as the lens through which they perceived their beliefs and customs in their communities. Before the scientific revolution, science and religion were intertwined, and people were taught to accept religious laws and doctrines without questioning; the Church was the ultimate authority on how the world worked. However, during this revolution, scientists were inspired to learn and understand the laws of the universe had created, a noble and controversial move toward truth seeking. The famous scientists of the time, such as Copernicus, Kepler, Galileo and Newton, were known to be natural philosophers, intending to reveal God’s mystery and understand (through proof) the majesty of God. Throughout previous centuries, people had hypothesized how the world and natural phenomenon may work, and new Protestant ideals demanded constant interrogation and examination. Nevertheless, some of these revelations went against the Church’s teachings and authority. If people believed the Church could be wrong, then they could question everything around them, as well. As a result, the introduction of the scientific method, a process by which scientists discovered and proved new theories, was revolutionary because it distinguished what could be proved as real from what was simply

The Scientific Revolution refers to a time in history when developments in the sciences took off and changed the view of society regarding the earth and nature. Some of the relevant topics of this time were mathematics, astronomy, biology, physics and chemistry. Typically, the scientific revolution is considered the time in Europe starting around the end of the Renaissance period and lasting through the late 18th century. Between 1543 and 1700, Europe underwent many changes that forever changed the thoughts and beliefs of society as a result of the scientific revolution. During this time, the creation of many inventions came about and the studies of many people changed the culture of society. Evidence was no longer

During the Scientific Revolution scientists such as Galileo, Copernicus, Descartes and Bacon wrestled with questions about God, human aptitude, and the possibilities of understanding the world. Eventually, the implications of the new scientific findings began to affect the way people thought and behaved throughout Europe. Society began to question the authority of traditional knowledge about the universe. This in turn, allowed them to question traditional views of the state and social order. No longer was the world constructed as the somewhat simple Ptolemaic Model suggested. The Earth for the first time became explicable and was no longer the center of the universe. Many beliefs that had been held for hundreds of years now proved to be

The Scientific Revolution was a period of the development of the new and modern theories of science and universe. This development took place from 16th century to 17th century. This concept was widely accepted by the people of Europe. This period changed the beliefs which were not accurate and changed the status of women in the society. Many scientists, such as Nicolas Copernicus, Johannes Kepler and Sir Issac Newton changed the European history with the help of new discoveries and knowledge and disagreement with the Catholic Church.

During the Middle Ages period people believed in the idea of a Geocentric universe, the Earth was the absolute center of the universe, church had more power and authority than anybody else. People were influenced and thought that everything they do had to be approved by God. Nicolaus Copernicus challenged the theory that insisted that we lived in a Geocentric universe, and that is where our universe literally changed. Church believes started to doubt the theories that church had adopted in early years. The Scientific Revolution opened

In the 17th Century, there was much controversy between religion and science. The church supported a single worldview that God’s creation was the center of the universe. The kings and rulers were set in their ways to set the people’s minds to believe this and to never question it. From these ideas, the Enlightenment was bred from the Scientific Revolution.

Throughout the seventeenth century many new ideas were brought about as a direct result of the Scientific Revolution. These ideas challenged the traditional ways of European thought. . With these new concepts, the idea that science could explain everything, while religion could not, began to spread. The revolutionary thinkers of that time altered traditional interpretations of nature and challenged the established sources of knowledge. Among these intellectuals were Galileo, Kepler and Newton.

Prior to Galileo’s time, the Greek and medieval mind, science was a kind of formalism, a means of coordinating data, which had no bearing on the ultimate reality of things. The point was to give order to complicated data, and all that mattered was the hypothesis that was simplest to understand and most convenient. Astronomy and mathematics were regarded as the playthings of intellectuals. They were accounted as having neither philosophical nor theological relevance. There was genuine puzzlement among Churchmen that they had to get involved in a quarrel over planetary orbits.

The medieval era took place between the fifth and fifteenth centuries while the scientific revolution took place in the sixteen and seventeenth centuries. Medieval science was based on the study of nature and was depicted by tradition. When the scientific revolution came to be, people’s views of all existence became extraordinarily different. Although medieval scientific philosophy was abandoned for new thoughts and ideas, it was still the early thinkers that helped “lay the foundation for the Scientific Revolution” (Early Scientific Revolution).

Johannes Kepler, a distinguished German astronomer, mathematician and philosopher was well-known for devising and validating three laws of planetary motion now known as Kepler’s Laws. Kepler was born December 27, 1571 in Weil der Stadt in Swabia, Germany. In 1576 he moved and enrolled in the Latin school there in Leonberg. Eight years late, Johannes joined the Protestant seminar at Adelberg and began his university schooling at the Protestant University of Tubingen studying Theology. While continuing his graduate studies in 1591, he became highly influenced by a mathematics professor by the name of Michael Maestlin, a strong believer of heliocentric theory first established by Nicolaus Copernicus, a polish astronomer. Kepler acknowledged Copernican’s theory instantaneously and believed that Copernicans universal ordering had to be God’s creation. Three years later, Kepler was employed at the Protestant seminary in Graz, Styria as a professor, teaching mathematics. Kepler taught arithmetic, geometry and rhetoric for six years. During this time he discovered an intricate theory that could explain the distance between the orbits of the planets, presuming that they were circular. Kepler then suggested that the sun

Scientists and Philosophers turned to the wonders of the earth and physical form of man as to who is the greatest being, and bringing up the thought of is there even a celestial god? After the discovery of moons for Jupiter, Galileo then hypothesised that the earth is the one rotating, which is conflicts with the church’s statements of God being present in the heavens in a physical space around us. Galileo states that we shouldn’t waste time on beliefs that are imaginary but with facts and physical evidence we have before us in Letter to the Grand Duchess Christina “ the discussion of physical problems we ought to begin not from the authority of scriptural passages, but from sense-experience and necessary demonstration”. He proves that the Ring theory of being closer to God cannot be true with his planetary discoveries.This marks the separation of physical science and scriptural belief. Many things that were considered mysteries of God were now explained rationally and beliefs such as Deism, those who accepted the existence of a creator on the basis of reason but rejected belief in a supernatural being who interacts with man, were formed. And other beliefs of atheism or no God began to surface. After these ideas began to be known and studied only a few, including Bishop Bossuet, continued to stick to the original Chain of

Copernicus “lived, worked and died in that period which is generally regarded as a transition from the so-called middle ages to modern times. It was a period of the revival of learning and of the birth of modern science.” Copernicus’ discoveries led to the formation of the branch of science that we continue to develop and refine today. In effect, it was the beginning of the scientific method of inquiry as we know it today, because it finally drew the distinction between religion and science; it resulted in “…the destruction of a worldview that science (in the person of Ptolemy), philosophy (in the person of Aristotle) and religion (Jewish, Christian and Islamic) [were] centred on man and created for him.” By rejecting the idea that the Earth and man were at the center of the universe, Copernicus’ discoveries fundamentally changed the goal of the field of science.

Throughout the Scientific Revolution, scientists and natural philosophers created a new scientific world by questioning popular ideas and constructing original models. During the 1500s and 1600s, the concept of individualism, the principle of being independent and self-reliant, began to be applied to one’s life. People began to have individual thoughts and started to disagree with commonly believed ideas promoted by the Church. As this way of thinking expanded throughout Europe, scientists looked to others for clarification and support on scientists’ ideas. Scientists needed the acceptance of others and the money of patrons to spread their ideas and discoveries. During this era the work of scientists were positively impacted by the views of society, the influence the church had over the general public and the power held by political leaders.

The Scientific Revolution taking place in 16th century Europe, a time in which peace and prosperity was vibrant. was a time of great learning, understanding, and itself was the dawn of the modern science. During this time, many distinguished scientists such as Galileo, Copernicus, and Isaac Newton began to set the foreground of future science. Through their marvelous works they succeeded in changing society’s ways of thinking and view of life in itself, from a theistic one to a realistic one. In fact, their work also had the capability to change the church as well. Not only this, but every scientist’s research and experiments covenantally collaborated with one another as a unit to contribute even more to the further development in the modern era. Through this, education of the present time transformed into a more skeptical orientation and the teachings of the old were ridden of. In addition, subjects such as mathematics, physics, astronomy, and biology had a fundamental transformation for future sciences. Furthermore, government and politics was also altered in which people’s ideas and views of the authorities changed. Thus, making the Scientific Revolution not only a revolution of science but also a revolution of thought and understanding. Overall, the Scientific Revolution in 16th century Europe is one of humankind 's most impactful revolutions due to the fact it affected people 's thinking, science, education, the church, the government and eventually the