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The Mongols

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The Mongols were tribal and pastoral nomads that resided in the steppes of Central Asia. This land proved to be vast and only suitable for herding and not crop growth, leading to the encouragement of a nomadic lifestyle. Around 1180-1220, there was a drastic temperature drop, which led to a shortened grass growing season. This struck as a threat to the Mongols' livestock, which served as the foundation of the Mongols' pastoral-nomadic life. This may have led to their leaving of Mongolia. Although the Mongols have been written off as the most destructive ethnic group throughout history, due to their vicious styles of conquering and spread of disease, it is crucial to acknowledge their achievements such as unifying a large …show more content…

Historically, Mongols supplemented their economy by trade and raiding. Although they never developed a merchant class, they sustained themselves by trading livestock and fur for manufactured goods, and other items on The Silk Road. The nomadic lifestyle hindered their ability to be self sufficient agriculturally and settlement wise, forcing the Mongols to create strong and reliable relationships with their neighbors. Therefore, the Mongols participated in trade networks, including the Silk Road. This tranquil, safe, and prosperous period of trade under the Mongols is known as the Pax Mongolica(Abu-Lughod). Under Mongol rule, the Silk Road saw the establishment of more routes than ever before. The routes served as a benefit to those who were conquered since they were able to participate in trade with more ease and security. Consequently, the Mongol’s role in the expansion of trade can also be seen as detrimental due to their spreading of the Black Plague. Mongol armies and traders were responsible for carrying the plague from Central Asia where …show more content…

Mongol boys were trained to ride horses, hunt, and fight at an extremely young age in the hopes that they’d be skilled enough to fight whenever the Khan commanded(Burgan). This early training and principle of promotion to leadership roles based on ability and skill led to a motivated and high quality set of troops.While the Mongols did not necessarily have the largest army compared to those that they battled, they truly took the idea of “quality over quantity” to heart and worked to technologically advance their army. The Mongol armies excelled at the use of weapons such as sabres, spears, and halberds, each having a specialized duty during battle time (Craughwell). In order to design effective armor to defend against enemies, the Mongols took advantage of their contacts with China and the Middle East and looked to them for ideas and inspiration. The devastation and carnage of their victims serves as a consequence of their heavy reliance on shock tactics and outright savagery(Turnbull and McBride) . The Mongols mastered the art of surprise attacks and killing sprees which served as beneficial when fighting against unprepared armies or unarmed civilians in the name of conquest. Also, the Mongols engaged in psychological warfare which gave them

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