The Pax Mongola

Have you ever wondered what it was like to travel across the country to get what you want? The Silk Road was a treacherous journey that spanned from Asia all the way to Rome. People carried their countries goods in large caravans to exchange them with other people across the country. The Silk Road helped people get what they want by traveling there. The Silk Road took a huge part in history because it helped a number of cultures get closer to each other and share part of them, for example traditions and beliefs. The Silk Road was a difficult and dangerous trek, eventually traders found out the Silk Road increased the kingdom’s economy and the wealth of an individual. In addition, it spread culture, ideas and goods.

He even began the golden age of the Mongolians, known as the Pax Mongolica. Genghis Khan's great success as a ruler was due to his war tactics, brutality, and centralized

The Mongol empire was the world’s largest empire. The Mongol’s practices and beliefs had both positive and negative effects. The large Mongolian empire promoted communication and diversity; however, despite this positive effect, the Mongolian empire housed the deaths of many innocent people. In addition to this, the Mongol empire fostered various religions, but enforced the same practices on everyone, no matter what religion they may follow; this brought order amongst the Mongolian empire.

| * Trade was very international. * Silk roads linked Eurasia, and goods traded hands many times along the roads.

According to Document 6, the Mongols improved transportation and communication. Improvement of transportation and communication, both play a massive role in economic development for the empire. They allowed people to trade new materials needed for everyday use, meet new people and learn different cultures. One of the trade routes that played a bigger part in improving transportation and communication was the Silk Road. It spanned the large empire, letting people travel far to trade for different items. This improvement was ideal for the people to grow together and make new discoveries about themselves and others. This positive impact on the empire is only part of it, they also promoted more diversified culture throughout the empire.

The Mongol Empire, an infamous empire in due to its oppressively powerful army, had an unavoidable influence on Eurasia including both positive effects, such as advancing trade and production of goods in less advanced societies (doc 5) as well as laying a powerful and protective influence on a number of societies (doc 2), and negative effects, being savagely murderous towards those societies in their path (doc 1), destroying important structures and cities of other societies (doc 7), and aggressively demanding a tribute be paid to them from Christian societies and others (doc 9), as well as effects that are considered neither negative nor positive effects, examples being that the Khan leader did not convert to Christianity when confronted

1. The Mongols really did reinvigorate cross-Eurasian trade. The Silk Road trading routes that had existed for about 1000 years by the time the Mongols made the scene had fallen into disuse, but the Mongols valued trade because they could tax it, and they did a great job of keeping their empire safe.

“I will rule them by fixed laws so that rest and happiness shall prevail in the world,” Genghis Khan. In the 1200s, the Mongol Empire rose and conquered most of China. The Mongol Empire was one of history’s most brutal forces because their dominance was led by a hostile leader, driven by ruthless aggression, and strengthened by an understanding of a correct civilization. The Mongol Empire was feared by many because of its ruthless leaders. The empire was divided into groups led by different khans, but the empire soon turned and was united by a strong leader, Temijin.

Pax Mongolica, meaning Mongol peace, was the period of time in which the empire controlled a region spanning Russia to Korea. In doing so, the Mongols protected the silk road and boosted the economy. In Charles Halperin’s book “Russia and the Golden Horde”, he notes that the “Mongols expanded into China and Persia” and that during this time, they “built canals to improve communication”, sustained agriculture, and allowed and facilitated silk trade and Persian craft traditions for a long period. Moreover, by establishing peace, they allowed the economy to flourish, indirectly and directly altering the history of the political world. During this time, they also created communication systems called Yams.

Khan was successful then any other leader in that period of time. Kublai Khan: Was a grandson of Genghis Khan and the fifth emperor who established the Yuan dynasty and tried to conquer Japan but eventually failed. Pax Mongolica: “After the Mongols conquered many lands and created their enormous empire there came a peaceful time called the Pax Mongolica. Pax Mongolica, also known as the Mongol Peace was a period of time where peace, stability, economic

During the 13th and 14th century, a nomadic group known as the Mongols succeeded in vanquishing land from Vietnam to Syria and Korea to Poland. The rise of Genghis Khan brought on the conquest of Northern China and Ancient Persia. His son, Ogedei, superseded Genghis after his death. Ogedei was able to gain power of Russia and Eastern Europe after ten years of fighting. After the death of Ogedei in 1242, Genghis’ grandson, Mongke reigned. The large military conquered the Middle East, expanding the Mongol empire yet again. It comes as a surprise that the Mongol’s maintained such a large empire for around 162 years. The Mongol’s were able to gain and perpetuate power owing to their reputation of terrorization, commerce and ruthless military strategy.

The consistent motion of shares gradually transported the Mongol war into commercial arteries (222). The migration of goods gradually increased, and because of this the Mongol authorities looked for easier and faster routes so the shipment of goods can be smoother. The Mongol authorities expanded the Mongolian postal system, and by expanding the system memos, people, and appurtenances could be sent by horses and camels, from country to country. The expedition of Khubilai Khan in 1281 led to a route to develop that connected China and the Tibet and Himalayan area in the postal system. The expedition also led scholars to make a map of the Yellow river (222).

In 1200 a Mongol leader by the name of Temujin rose to power. Under his rule the Mongol Empire flourished and conquered many enemies and occupied a large amount of land. Throughout his reign the Mongols continued to be a major power house.

The rise of the Mongol Empire can be attributed to a famous emperor, Genghis Khan. He led his armies through the Great Wall of China and crushed the Jin Dynasty. “In the twelfth and thirteenth centuries the Mongols were far from more barbarous than their neighboring tribes. For this reason Genghis Khan, as the cultivated Chinese put it, was nothing more nor less than a barbarian. However, this barbarian possessed a number of qualities that enabled him to become one of the greatest conquerors in the history of the word” (Hartog p.139). Unfortunately, he has a sudden death in 1227 while in the war against the Xia Dynasty. Before his passing Genghis ordered his second son, Ogedei Khan, as his inheritor to split his empire into four khanates between his children and grandchildren to complete his invasion. Many years pass after Genghis Khan died, and several Mongol leaders attempted to continue the mission of the Great Khan. It isn’t until his grandson Kublai Khan, succeeded in creating a more powerful domain during his establishment of the Yuan Dynasty

Along with unity comes peace. The textbook says that the peace at this time was called Pax Mongolica, or the period of time where there was peace in the Mongol empire. This allowed the regions to communicate with one another. This also allowed Mongols safety as they traveled through their lands. Foreigners, such as traders were also allowed safety as they traveled throughout the Khanates. Also, the peace allowed the citizens themselves to move between the regions, allowing the people to travel to the different regions under the Mongol