Premise of enacting the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code, 2016
The Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code, 2016 came into force in August 2016. It is believed that the acid test for the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code 2016 would come when the case involving Kolkata based Nico Industries is adjudicated. The adjudication process signals whether a sick company can be shut down within 180 days of the case being registered. While more than 1000 applications have been filed, 100 of them have been admitted by the arbiter in the National Company Law Tribunal or NCLT that is expected to decide the fate of these non-financial firms within 180 days. That aside, one begs to examine the nitty-gritties of the Code itself.
What is Bankruptcy?
Firstly, we must define as to what bankruptcy is? Bankruptcy is a legal status imposed by a firm or individual unable to meet obligations. Before the passing of the Bankruptcy Code, the legal framework in India with regard to this sphere suffered from a lack of clarity and certainty in jurisdictions. Decisions were often appealed, overstayed or overturned by judicial forums with concurrent jurisdictions. This has led to unnecessary delays often leading to misuse of this shortcoming by debtors. Therefore in this regard, the need for a new legislation was recognised. There were many reasons for this;
1.
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Firstly, that Indian banks are ridden with debt. There is also a significant rise in Non-Performing Assets as well as restructured loans while the bad debts amount to 11% of the lending.
2. There was a growth in loans from 3.49% in 2013 to 8.3% in 2015.
3. Corporate bad loans constituted 56% of the total bad loans of state-run banks.
4. The number of companies pending litigation was
Relevant Law – Duties to prevent insolvent trading, Section 588G of Corporation Act, 2001, Insolvent trading prohibition and Section 180 duty of care, skill and diligence.
A bankruptcy lawyer can provide invaluable help throughout bankruptcy proceedings, offering the advice and insights that are instrumental in making the entire process smoother and easier. Denham Law, PLLC, is a Fort Mitchell, Kentucky-based bankruptcy lawyer who has been serving clients throughout Northern Kentucky and Southwest Ohio since 2004. They understand the important role an attorney plays throughout the bankruptcy process.
Many bankruptcy filers don’t have an extensive history of bad credit. A large portion actually went into the bankruptcy process with decent to good credit. Bankruptcy provides relief to out of control debt or financial situations that have no other solution. They come out with a discharge of their debt
Pros and Cons of Chapter 13 Bankruptcy Debt is one of the most common problems today, be it student loans, mortgages, unpaid credit card bills, and so on. Sometimes some people will owe too much money than they can afford to pay back due to poor spending habits or they just really fall into hard times. Whatever reason you have for being in a lot of debt, you may have considered filing for Chapter 13 Bankruptcy. While this can help you get more time to repay your loans, filing for bankruptcy is never an easy decision to make. So before you decide, weigh the pros and cons first.
In order to analyses the statement that “our current insolvency laws put too much focus on penalizing and stigmatizing the failures,” the purpose of insolvency laws and the situation of the laws should be acknowledged first.
We know declaring bankruptcy is not a decision you made lightly. These are tough economic times and we know that there are so many things that can get out of hand and out of control.
Since bankruptcy is so complicated, it should not be taken nonchalantly. Bankruptcy is a life changing event and it should be undertaken
Bankruptcy is a legal proceeding in which allows a person who cannot pay his or her bills to get a fresh financial start. The right to file for bankruptcy is a federal law and all bankruptcy cases are handled in federal court. Filing bankruptcy immediately stops your creditors from soliciting to collect debts from you, at least until your debts are sorted out according to law.
Many of the large corporations have gotten loans from banks in order to finance their operations and to raise capital. The creditors hence have a say with regard to the financial contracts and in case the firm goes down, the creditors have a first say basis in claiming the assets.
Like many in Tennessee who are dealing with financial challenges, you may have considered filing for bankruptcy. However, the possibility of losing your home may have stopped you from taking this step. At Rothschid & Ausbrooks, PLLC, we are often asked what options you have for saving your home. In this post, we will discuss how filing for Chapter 13 bankruptcy may allow you to keep your property.
In 2005, Congress overhauled the bankruptcy laws. Those changes made it harder for some people to file for Chapter 7 bankruptcy; high income filers that can't pass the means test, will have to repay at least some of their debt in a Chapter 13 bankruptcy. In addition, the 2005 law requires all bankruptcy filers to get credit counseling before they can file a bankruptcy case -- and additional counseling on budgeting and debt management before their debts can be wiped out.
However, there are a lot of different factors that come into play when deciding on Chapter 11. What worked for Trump many times might not work for your company without the right guidance. In some cases, Chapter 11 might not mean that a company owner has zero liability. In other cases, there are better alternatives to keeping a company afloat. On the other hand, Chapter 11 could be part of an early business plan, but there are various details included in that strategy that must be worked out with an attorney prior to any kind of filing.
There is a clear shift towards principles based regulation in the insolvency profession. The leading purposes of the Code is to provide broad principles that can be applied to a multitude of circumstances with the aim of averting practitioners from justifying a particular course of action via a loophole in the Act. The results of cases such as the Walton case serve as a reminder to practitioners that the Act merely provides a minimum benchmark as to the appropriate course of action and that practitioners should have regard to the requirements of the code when considering a new appointment. Interestingly, Honourable Justice Robertson made the following comment in the Walton case being that he does not regard the Insolvency Practitioners Association of Australia’s guide as extrinsic material appropriate or permitted to be taken into account in construing s 60 and 436DA of the Act. Although this is the case, the Code is still pertinent to practitioners. As stated by Miss Alicia Hill and Jessica Patrick “although the Code cannot be directly taken into account in construing legislation, it has a very important place in regulating insolvency
By 1571, the “Statue of Elizabeth” followed, and confined the practicing of the act solely to tradesmen as well as proclaiming bankruptcy as a legal status. Furthermore, in the same year, “Fraudulent Conveyances Act” was charted which rendered transactions conducted with the intent to defraud or delay creditors, were to be void (Bathurst, 2014). In other words, transfer of fund to a trustee as such or intentional hiding the amount beyond the reach of the reach of the creditors, is considered unlawful, therefore voided. This concept was the seed to the section 121 of the Bankruptcy Act 1966.
Over the years, the process of declaring bankruptcy has become incredibly simple. Because of this change, the number of people declaring bankruptcy is at an all time high. Today, bankruptcy is a common thing among companies and individuals alike. The American bankruptcy law allows people to avoid paying their debts by offering the debtors a discharge without a harsh consequence. By not having repercussions for their actions, bankruptcy filers often plan future bankruptcies, allowing them to steal even more money from creditors with no punishment. There are 13 different chapters in the bankruptcy system with the principal chapters being 7,11, and 13. You can only file for bankruptcy under these three chapters, the others are there to