The Protestant Revolution

Contrary to the Middle Ages, when the afterlife and glorifying God was the primary focus, the Renaissance concentrated increasingly on the present day, demonstrating a more secular philosophy. Humanism developed, making human beings, and not God, the center of attention. People not longer considered their lives solely as a preparation for the afterlife, but instead gave them actual value. The church's authority fused with that of the state, resulting in a monopolized power greatly influenced by religion. The rejection of the secular spirit of the Italian Renaissance can be seen in the varying art themes of the Reformation. The Reformation rejected the secular spirit that had developed during the Italian Renaissance and replaced it with a

The Protestant Reformation forever changed the religious, social, and political aspects of the world. These changes forever altered the world and paved the way for revolutions to

The Protestant Reformation was a pivotal time of European history that occurred during the 16th century. The Protestant Reformation was comprised of people called “reformers” that challenged papal authority and questioned the Catholic Church’s ability to define Christian practice (“The Reformation”). The Protestant Reformation was revolutionary due to the fact that the reformers preached against everything the Catholic Church had been teaching. Some famous reformers are John Calvin and Martin Luther. However, Martin Luther-- to some--- is named the most successful and influential reformer of the 16th century. Martin Luther was tremendously effective and influential due to how resourceful he was, and his teachings spread across Europe swiftly.

The religious movement, a break of religion all over the where the main control of the catholic church broke. The ides of marriage were altered , “by which all that is the husband's is also the wife's” to show separation from the main part of religion (Luther document 4). Where people would not just give in to the christian way , “cannot submit [their] faith either to the Pope or to the Councils... frequently erred and contradicted eachother” because of these contradictions happening between the church's ranks (Luther document 8). The monks became vile , “breaking the vows of the church by having concubines and illegitimate children” their celibacy was now non existent (Bosch document 7). Also The added religions that formed at this time , “[They] ought not, by way of custom, to speak of predestination...they become negligent in the works” which all have changed their ways of how things happen which anger other. While people break the main religion religions produce like wildfire, however the were other thing affected at this period which made life in Europe drastically different, the social and political changes. The social and

The Protestant Reformation was the 16th-century religious, political, intellectual and cultural upheaval that splintered Catholic Europe, setting in place the structures and beliefs that would define the continent in the modern era.

During the Early Modern Period (around 1500-1800), the many peasants of Europe rebelled more and more against those in power. Though, by modern standards, rebellion seeks to change and reform a system, peasant rebellions sought to revert to a former status quo or keep the existing system of governance. As the documents show, rebellions’ goals were focused on a fairness towards the mistreated lower class in alignment with their Christian beliefs. The Early Modern Period is a notably violent moment in history, with many wars and bloody uprisings.

With these new advancements in the Protestant and Catholic churches, also came the growth of other religions. A network called the "Beat

was the great awakening of religious beliefs. This took a lot of their time trying to

The protestant reformation happened at the moment that it did because the Catholic Church was very a powerful force in Europe. It controlled people lives both spiritually and temporally. The church had so much power that it maintained political control over a large portion of Italy. The fact that the church held so much control over countries and governments became a point of contention among European countries such as the Holy Roman Empire, Italian city-states outside of Rome, England, France and Spain. The power of the rulers of these areas had greatly increased in the 14th century and they were eager to take the chances offered by a Reformation to weaken the grip of the Catholic Church in Europe and also to develop their own powers across the European continent. For quite some time the Catholic Church had been an institution rampant with internal struggles. Such as the Avignon Papacy from 1309 to 1377 when seven popes opted to live in Avignon, France and not reside in Rome which was and is the traditional home of the Papacy. The Pope and other high ranking church officials often lived opulent lifestyles rather than a more austere lifestyle that should befit a spiritual leader. Many church leaders and Popes maintained political powers. They led armies, waged wars and made many political decisions. Church offices were sold, and many Popes and bishops practiced nepotism to fill church offices. With all of these worldly issues for the Pope

In that time there were new ideas for a new Christian church named Protestantism and a new philosophy called humanism.

I think that the Monastic and Mendicant orders of the medieval times were more diffusive than cohesive. The people who normally joined these orders were not used to a life of giving or having little, but lived lives of wealth and fortune. Once they accepted the monastic lifestyle, they switched their ways and began to live a life of having little, giving to the less fortunate, and hours of prayer. I think that the Monastic and Mendicant orders were diffusive because they pulled a large amount of people away from a centralized church, and forced them to live lives of solitude. Because of this I felt like they began to pull apart the Christian group of that time.

Religious thought became more personal and thoughtful, and less significance was placed on religious superstitions. The principles of Catholicism began to collapse around the 1520’s. Cameron argues that this collapse happened because of religious teachers refusing to be abused by the Church. These religious teachers’ arguments were strengthened as their followers were pleased to be liberated from the ritual constraints of the Church. Cameron argues, “The Church became, whether people liked it or not, a ‘house of learning’, where reading the word of scripture and hearing the word of moral exhortation was the highest duty of all and every Christian” (92). The Reformation caused rapid changes in the religious sphere of early modern Europe. Cameron supports this statement by suggesting that Lutheran worship preserved remnants of the old faith that did not offend the doctrine of the new faith. The Calvinists kept what was necessary and did away with any unnecessary embellishments. Cameron claims that the leadership of churches by secular governments caused the power of the old religious hierarchy to lessen or fade entirely. The Reformation dramatically changed the ideological and political institutions of early modern

The Protestant Reformation and European expansion have both left political, social and economic impacts throughout history. The Protestant Reformation which was started in the 1500’s, by a Catholic man named Martin Luther caused political instability and fragmented the Holy Roman Empire. It economically caused the church to go bankrupt and socially allowed for the rise of individualism among the people; Luther gave the people of Europe the long needed reason to break free of the church. The Protestant Reformation and the need for new converts lead to the rise of European expansion. European expansion into the west resulted in a political increase of power for Europe, the social increase in slavery, disease and racism, as well as the

During sixteenth century Europe a wave of religious dissatisfaction swept the European continent. There were cries for the restructuring of the Catholic Church. These cries grew into more than just a simple remodeling of the Catholic faith they grew into the Protestant Reformation. Martin Luther is credited for the reformation movement against the Catholic Church that began in 1517.

In Europe, the long nineteenth century, (1789-1914) was a tumultuous era of political, economic, and social revolution which created an increasingly secular culture. Europeans of all races and classes looked outside the church to solve societal and familial issues. Gifted intellectuals proposed new philosophies on human thought and behavior, while innovative communication allowed ideas to travel quicker and easier than ever before. By the early 1800’s, Europeans began to question the role and necessity of the church and religion in their lives. Revolutionaries developed political and social