The Really Big One By Kathryn Schulz

Writers use pathos, ethos, and logos in their writing to appeal to their audience. Pathos is an appeal to emotions, ethos is an appeal to trust, and logos is an appeal to reasoning or logic. Frederick Douglass's, " What to the Slave is the Fourth of July?" is about his views and the views of many slaves towards the Fourth of July. He uses ethos, pathos, and logos effectively to convey his central message.

Pathos is an appeal to emotion. This appeal can very well be the strongest because it appeals to human nature. Ethos is an ethical appeal that uses, character, trust, and credibility to support an argument. Logos is the logic appeal that persuades by way of reason. These key approaches are the key to Naylor success in his arguments.

The right figure gives a more specific visualization of the Juan de Fuca plate currently been forced to slip under the North American plate in an area known as the Cascadia Subduction Zone. Along the boundary of these two plates, a section has become locked yet they are still moving toward each other. As a result, stress has accumulated for centuries and when that stress relieved, it will cause the largest and most powerful earthquake called a megathrust earthquake of magnitude 9.0 or higher. The last earthquake which was caused by the relieved of this stress with similar magnitude happened in 1700. The scientists were able to determine this date through sediment samples that indicated the coast’s seismic past, taken from the sea floor off the coast of Vancouver Island. Therefore, scientist were able to outline that earthquakes occur every 500 to 1000 years.The risk for a possible megathrust earthquake to happen is increasing and it is coming faster than predicted because the stress hasn’t been released recently and the Juan de Fuca and the North American Plates are constantly moving. Right now, Vancouver Island has been tilted higher and squeezed by a few centimetres eastward every year. In the next 50 years, when the strain released, an earthquake called the “Big One” will rip down the west coast from British Columbia to northern California,

In the next 50 years, the Cascadia fault will slip and the government would not even bat an eye if they didn’t know the dangers. The Cascadia Subduction Zone is located on the coast of Washington and Oregon. Roughly every 550 years, the strain is released from the plates rubbing against each other and the fault slips; the west coast of the North American Plate suddenly slides westward over the Juan de Fuca plate, causing a megathrust inland. And as a result, a huge tsunami would race against the Pacific and affect Japan in dreadful ways. Scientists have been debating whether or not the evidence is valid. According to Japanese journals, carbonated sediment samples, and the inland evidence, another Cascadia megathrust would

On March 11, 2011, Japan was devastated by a 9.0 earthquake that also created a 30 foot tsunami wave. This earthquake killed 15,000 people and injured more than 6,000. It is said that every 250 years on the Cascadia fault, an earthquake larger than the one that hit Japan, erupts. Scientists have determined that the Cascadia fault hasn’t erupted in 300 years. This means that the West coast is 50 years overdue for an earthquake that is powerful enough to destroy every bit of civilization. The probability of the Cascadia earthquake erupting in our generation is extremely high because an earthquake on the Cascadia fault happens every 250 years; plus the fault is hanging by a thread and could slip at any minute.

Imagine if a 9.0 earthquake struck the West Coast today, resulting in a giant tsunami. Coastal towns would be washed away or completely isolated, and electricity would be lost (FOX5). There would be $70 billion in damage and people would only have 15 minutest to evacuate or move to higher ground resulting in 10,000 deaths (FOX5). This sounds like a plot for a scary movie, but this is actually a reality. The Oregon Coast in located on a subduction zone, which makes it very susceptible to major earthquakes and tsunamis. With the Cascadia subduction zone running along he West Coast the threat of a major tsunami is very real.

What type of danger will Washington face when the Cascadia Fault gives? Would an earthquake be the biggest threat, or volcanic eruptions or a tsunami? The Cascadia fault is made up of two existing tectonic plates the pacific plate and the Juan de fuca plate. The last known massive earth quake to hit Washington was in the year 1700. That earth quake was recorded to be an 8.0 magnitude earth quake. There is geological evidence that suggests that the pacific north west experiences these massive earth quakes about every 500 years. One of the interesting things I read was that scientists, were able to see from a core taken from the sea floor that there have been about forty-one earth quakes in the last 10,000 years on the fault.

The Pacific NorthWest are bound to have natural hazards such as earthquakes, tsunamis and floods. For example japan, Japan sits at the intersection of three continental plates. The Eurasian,Pacific, and Philippines. Which, these plates are rubbing together causing hard friction, resulting in an earthquake. Tsunamis are a reaction from an earthquake, when earthquakes occur they shake the sea floor causing tsunamis. And floods are caused when the pacific overflows its natural banks. In 2011, Japan was experiencing several earthquakes a week. It became so common citizens began to stop paying them any attention, and started laughing them off just like Chris Goldfinger. However, these laughed at earthquakes were just foreshocks from “The Big One”.

Scientists recently reported in a new study a likely explanation for this unexpected incident, some tiny pieces of the mantle under the region have been breaking off and moving deep down into the Earth. Thereby weakening the remaining plates and making it more prone to slipping that causes earthquakes. Most study authors have concluded that this process is ongoing and very likely

The Cascadia Subduction Zone is a long dipping fault that separates the Juan de Fuca and North America plates, and it also stretches from northern Vancouver Island to northern California. Volcanoes and earthquakes are two of the tectonic and geological activities that occur in the “zone”, which create the hazards, such as ash falls and mudflows. The subduction zone has a long sloping fault, therefore it is capable of producing large earthquakes. The Cascadia Subduction Zone is also “scarier” than the San Andreas Fault because it can deliver a bigger earthquake and even tsunami than San Andreas Fault. It has produced earthquakes that were magnitude 9.0 or greater before, and it is predicted that it is likely to happen again in the future. The

The Cascadia Subduction Zone is a boundary where two tectonic plates meet, and the tension between them has caused a major uproar within the past two decades amongst seismologists. If Cascadia’s potential mega-quake were to hit, it could very well destroy the shoreline cities of Washington, Oregon, and Canada. Scientists have taken action by enabling the Cascadia Initiative, and placing earthquake detectors nearby. This progress will allow researchers to receive more data in order to learn more about the Zone, and give people faster updates on the current state of the zone. Being prepared in such a serious situation is very important for our nation’s future, and the future of that area’s people.

Dr. Jackie Langille of the department of Environmental Studies at UNC-Asheville spoke today on the possibility of the formation of a new fault boundary between the Pacific and North American Tectonic plates. Currently, the San Andreas Fault is considered the primary location of fault slip, the movement of two plates past each other, between these two plates, however, Langille believes that the amount of fault slip occurring there may be decreasing as tectonic activity increases further inland. When she began this study, she hypothesized that Walker Lane, a recently discovered site of possible fault activity in Nevada, has been slowly increasing amount of fault slip that occurs there over time, and accounts for more and more of the tectonic activity between the Pacific and North American plates each year, and that the San Andreas fault is slowly becoming inactive. The implications of a shift in tectonic activity could alter the global map. As the two plates slide past each other, they cause the land, ocean and other crust formations they

At the point when the video starts, the mainlands have the structure we know today; the vast majority of the world 's extraordinary mountain reaches are set up, and the Pacific Ocean is so far inland that a large portion of California 's beach front mountains don 't exist. Yet, they are going to be conceived - on account of something many refer to as plate tectonics.

Rhetorical appeals are three elements which are composed by ethos, pathos, and logos. Ethos is an appeal to ethic, which means, of persuasive somebody from something showing evidence or trustworthiness of the persuader. Krakauer uses ethos to able to write this book. The author did some research to establish his credibility, he talks with the people who meets Chris

According to him (The Art of Rhetoric) Rhetoric deals with situations and circumstances with concrete background. Winetrowd says that Rhetoric impinges on all areas of human concern and it plays a large part in every method of learning and teaching as well. In his book Rhetoric, Aristotle expressed that Rhetoric is a tool of knowledge which can be applicable to any subject, from any universality of its basics to organized concepts. He recommended three important appeals of persuasion in the application of Rhetoric. In this present paper, I would like to throw some light on these three appeals of persuasion i.e. Logos (Logical appeal), Pathos (Emotions of the audience) & Ethos (Character of the speaker). Though each of these three appeals are separate , but can be combined judiciously to elicit maximum response from the