Like the swing of a pendulum, the Tsars of Russia would fluctuate between reforming the government and becoming reactionary to the situations in the land. The Russian Tsars/Tsarinas, considered themselves the father or mother of the entire land and it was a very big land. Russian history had been prone to revolutions. Many a Tsar found himself on the short end of a sword or just the right amount of poison in his drink. All of the monarchs of Russia had this history in their minds when they began to rule but as the parent of their nation, they had no choice but to rule and do the best they could. Revolution was part of Russian life. There had been uprisings and revolutions throughout its history. The 18th and 19th centuries saw a big push toward “Westernizing” the country but as long as there were serfs; Russia could never truly be Western. The serfs were the biggest dilemma that the Tsars faced. The happiness of a people can gauge whether a ruler stays in power or not. The majority of Russians were serf peasants, dependent on their overlords for their bread and board. Their overlord was dependent on the serfs, the Tsar dependent on the nobles for their devotion and taxes. Catherine the Great, the Tsarina of Russia from 1762 to 1796 was considered an “enlightened despot”. She was a student of the Enlightenment and ruled Russia with absolute devotion. Catherine was a patron of the arts, education and reform. She believed in the Enlightenment movement but the serfs during
The Russian people were ruled by an autocratic government since 1613 when the Romanov Dynasty began. The government was run by the Tsar who had unlimited power over the rest of Russia. The Tsar set up a system of government involving an imperial council, a small cabinet of ministers and a senate; all of which were implemented as personal advisers and delegates. The Tsar had control over who was
In 1905 and 1917 Russia was tormented by chaotic revolutions. The workers and the intelligentsia had arrived at the point of hating the autocracy because they could no longer endure the suffering, hunger and repression that the tsarist policies brought with them. Years later Lenin referred to the revolution of 1905 as a “dress rehearsal for the October Revolution” of 1917. In 1905 tsardom nearly fell. Nicholas II succeeded in remaining in power, stabilizing the situation, only thanks to various concessions. However, his continuing to rule harshly and unwisely brought him to be forced to abdicate in the February of 1917, signing the end of the Russian monarchy.
The Russian Revolution began in 1917 and lasted until late 1930’s, the revolution was very brutal with total death of 3 million people and 7 million people were arrested (Document 12). The revolution broke out when Nicholas II comes to power because Bloody Sunday leads to Duma, then he steps down and the Duma sets up a provisional government thus sparking the want for domination and the revolution kicks off (Book). By the end of the revolution Russia was definitely weakened in some aspects but strengthened as a nation. Therefore, the Russian people were better off after the Russian Revolution because they benefited from a better economy, government, and living conditions.
Architecture should not be separated from the political and social life of human-beings. On the contrary, “throughout the history, architects have always been involved to some extent in politics, and have a nearly always sought positions of power and influence’’. Communist ideology in the Soviet Union had a huge impact on the architectural development of many modern nations: Russia, Ukraine, Belorussia, Lithuania, Estonia, Latvia, Uzbekistan, Tadzhikistan, Kyrgyzstan, Bulgaria, Romania, Georgia, Armenia, Kazakhstan, Moldova and Azerbaijan. The amount of affected countries makes the topic of my analysis relevant and worth-discussing. My essay will be structured in a following way. I argue that communist ideology had an
Czar Nicholas II was a very poor leader at the time. Many of his bad leadership decisions and weak skills lead to the Russian Revolution. The Czars were rich, but many Russians were very poor. The Czars took advantage of this and and made them slaves. Finally, Czar Alexander II freed them in 1905. When there were protests and many people were getting killed, he
In all major countries they’ll always go through some type of “revolution,” in order to sort everything out. There will always be a rise and fall in a country’s history and in 1917 it was Russia’s turn to revolt. When the current czar during the revolution said, “I am not yet ready to be Tsar. I know nothing of the business of ruling.” (Doc 1) He wasn’t lying, everyone
As an enlightened despot, it was common for rulers to change every law and policy possible in order to make life better for their people as according to enlightenment ideals. The ruler was seen as being in charge only to serve the people (Document 3). The ruler was to put the needs of his people before the needs of himself, and could not do anything that would harm them (Document 4). In Russia, this was prominent amongst rulers. Peter the Great believed and acted on these ideas. He offered rights to the serfs in order to help them and made it so that anyone, no matter of their social standing, would suffer the same consequences for breaking the laws (Document 10, 6). According to Document 3, “the ruler and the ruled can be happy only if they are firmly united.” This shows how the people expected their rulers in this time to meet their needs to make them happy and to help them flourish as a
The Russian revolution was going on in 1917, during the final phase of World War 1. Russia had bean in the war , and transformed into the union of soviet socialist republicans(USSR). During the war tzarism was overruled and taken over by a democracy. The russian Revolution generally took out powerful leader and spread power throuhgout the country and the government. Russia was probably changed the most but also for the better during WW1.
Despite all the work Alexander II did toward reforming Russia, the “Era of Great Reforms” left one crucial aspect unaltered: the power of the emperor. The intentional neglect of this was what kept the reforms from realizing their true potential. This led to dissatisfaction, which encouraged repression, terror, and most importantly: revolution. The first was the Polish Rebellion, caused by the failure of Russian authorities to suppress Polish nationalism. Although the Poles failed, other minorities sprung up for their voice
She also expanded Russia's empire while reducing the clergy's power and maintaining foreign relations. As a lover of arts and education Catherine established the Smolny institute. She was regarded as "Great" for the vast land she acquired during her rule. She and her descendants expanded Russia their absolutists agenda along with the land. The Russian Revolution occurring decades after Catherine the Great's rule, was the most significant event of the twentieth century (History.com, Catherine).
The Russian Revolution of 1917 set the country on a course that few other countries took in the 20th century. The shift from the direction of a democratic, parliamentary-style government to a one party communist rule was a drastic change that many did not and could not predict. Looking back on this key moment in Russian history, many historians ask the question ‘why did the political power in Russia shift to the Bolsheviks’? Since the revolution in 1905 Russia was becoming progressively more democratic, distributing power throughout the political sphere. This came to an abrupt halt when Vladimir Lenin was put into power by the Bolshevik takeover of the Provisional Government. Many authors have had different takes on this event. Two particularly interesting ones were Arthur Mendel and John D. Basil. Their pieces On Interpreting the Fate of Imperial Russia and Russia and the Bolshevik Revolution give various perspectives on the Russian Revolution and attempt to answer the question of the power shift. This key point in Russia’s history sets the tone for the next 100 years. Russia became a superpower, an enemy of the United States, started multiple wars directly and indirectly, and started using an economic system used by various countries around the world. Today we still see the effects of the 1917 Revolution. Looking at both Mendel’s and Basil’s attempt to answer why the power shifted to the Bolsheviks. Since both historian 's account of the events is different they cannot
The Russian Revolution is a widely studied and seemingly well understood time in modern, European history, boasting a vast wealth of texts and information from those of the likes of Robert Service, Simon Sebag Montefiore, Allan Bullock, Robert Conquest and Jonathan Reed, to name a few, but none is so widely sourced and so heavily relied upon than that of the account of Leon Trotsky, his book “History of the Russian Revolution” a somewhat firsthand account of the events leading up to the formation of the Soviet Union. There is no doubt that Trotsky’s book, among others, has played a pivotal role in shaping our understanding of the events of The Revolution; but have his personal predilections altered how he portrayed such paramount
The Russian Revolution was one of the most dramatic governmental shifts in European history. Before the Russian Revolution, Russia was an Autocracy. Tsar Nicholas II had succeeded Tsar Alexander III, his father, on May 26, 1896. However, Nicholas II’s rule took a turn for the worst rather quickly. After the Russian people lost faith in the tsar, they began to form strikes and riots. The Russian Revolution had effected World War I, caused the Russian Civil War, brought Russia a new way of thinking, and shaped Russia’s involvement in World War II.
The Russian people saw the structure of the Government as a crumbling disaster Nobles, Priests, Officials and, the Military were rulers and the governors of Russia that weren’t effected by the change that was happening. Russia was an enigma, it was feared because of its massive size, the Tsar was an Autocrat, which means no legal restrictions on the Tsar took place and no elections were represented. He supported the Nobles, as for the government it was small, inefficient, and resistant towards change, almost most of the Russians were uneducated, peasants and serfs as there were no middle class. The serfs acquired 8409% of Russia, Serfs are publics who occupied a plot of land where they were required to Tsar and in return
There were many reasons for the fall of Tsarism, such as the backwardness of Russian society, the failure of the Tsar personally, and the autocratic system of government which caused grievances amongst the people. The Russian public desired political change, whether towards a more democratic society like 20th century Britain, or towards a more socialist revolution in which power was returned to the people. When assessing the reasons as to why Tsarism collapsed, it is crucial to look at the setting of early 19th century Russia, which inevitably led to the Tsar’s weaknesses in his control of the government.