Question 1
In Everett, Aristotle argued ‘that the state was the ‘highest form of community’ and aimed at ‘the highest good’ (15). For the civilization in Greece to flourish, this was perceived to mean there had to be a ruler who was the master, and the slave who was being ruled. Among the Greeks, civilization was established via the slaves who performed the daily duties for rulers. The Greeks considered slavery to be essential and justified it via slave labor, aristocratic views, as well as economic growth for prosperity. The ruling class and slaves were not in the same class. Their perspective eon civilization, freedom, and liberty were mainly aristocratic. Slavery was necessary for the Greek civilization to function. The classes of
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They were the same in that their economies relied on slavery and permitted the slaves peculium. Slaves were obtained through trade and war. The Romans treated the slaves harshly than the Greeks. The roman slaves could buy their freedom after working for a given period unlike the Greeks. The Romans allowed the slaves to serve in the armed forces, unlike the Greeks.
3
Islam played a great role as far as the European slave trade is concerned. The Arab traders had connections with the African chiefs since the chiefs provided the Europeans with slaves. During this time, religions had a significant role in justifying the slavery practice. Still Islam believes in slavery regardless of the fact that other religions no longer do it, people were easily deceived into the religion and after adopting it, many ended up as slaves (Hamilton, Leo and Diane 28).
4
The French, England, and Portuguese were trading in goods hoping to boost their financial status. There were no winnings or expansion with the goods, and they therefore decided to assist the Spanish by offering black slaves since the Indians were reducing in numbers and never worked as hard as the black slaves. Negros began being exchanged and slave labor introduced financial gains. Slavery started when Columbus realized the New World. During this period, the Pope agreed to grant Portugal and Spain colonial possessions. He allowed Spain,
Slaves were bought and sold in many places, mostly for laboring farm land. In the Atlantic world during the 1500's and 1600’s there were many causes and effects to African slave trade. Many Europeans needed slaves to labor on their lands.
Slaves in Spain were mostly Native Americans. New Spain valued Native Americans because they knew the land. The Native Americans knew the land so well that farming was easy for them. Not only did the Spanish enslave Native Americans but they also used some Africans for slave labor. The Spanish colonies eventually used African slaves only because the Natives often died from diseases. The same diseases the Europeans had brought over from England. Spain also had indentured servant who would work for a couple of years. In exchange for their work they would get food, clothing and a way to the new world. New France used Africans for slaves because they could get them in large amount. The French had many plantations that requires a lot of labor and because African slaves were cheap they had lots of them.
Europe has had a long history of slave trade already by the time the 16th century came around. Many slaves worked on various types of plantations where they would grow sugar, tobacco, and coffee beans, creating large amounts of profit. All of
In Italy, during the 1300’s, merchants acquired the first slaves. They were not from Africa though; instead they were from southeast Europe. Eventually though, the European slaves were replaced by African slaves, because Africans were considered to be the most inferior race. African slaves worked so well for the Europeans that they decided to bring them over to the New World and force them to work the rugged land for them. Spain and Portugal were the first European countries to bring slaves to the New World. The French, English, and Dutch were soon to follow. Unfortunately, the slaves were usually required to work from sun up to
From 1450 to 1750, slavery continued to be an important system of labor. The institution of slavery expanded dramatically across the Atlantic Ocean as enslaved Africans were brought over to the New World.Slavery existed in many parts of the world, such as Africa,the Middle East, and other areas of the world throughout this period. In many places of the world, people would trade enslaved people through out the world. Because Europeans were looking for a large labor supply,they started a transatlantic slave trade. The enslaved men and women grew sugarcane and cash crops on plantations.Because of slavery, after a while, slavery became "the norm". Ever since then, slavery had a whole new meaning to it. When the Spanish and the Portuguese came to
Slavery became an established activity in America by 1600’s. The slaves were mostly to provide free and cheap labor. Apart from America, slavery was practiced in other parts of the world throughout history, and in fact it can be traced back to the time of the ancient civilization. With industrial revolution especially with the rise of sugar plantations, the slaves were used to grow sugar in the periods from 1100. This intensified between 1400 and 1500 when Portugal and Spain ventured into sugar growing in the eastern Atlantic regions. The growth of the plantations required labor, hence African slaves were bought from Africa, to provide labor.
According to his theory there were multiple factors that were the cause behind the origin of Negro slavery. When Columbus discovered the New World, he created a path that lead to a long and bitter rivalry over the colonial possessions that lasted for four and a half centuries with no solution to be found. The papacy of Roman Catholic church, along with the European kingdoms of Spain, Portuguese and later Britain and France encouraged the practice of slavery. Due to the economic conditions that had to do with colonization was the cause of slavery. Britain, France, Spain and Portugal were in a race to take over territory in the New World.
Before 1492 many North American Indian societies got their source of nutrition through hunting, or farming. Exchanging goods and services with other societies was the most common way of expanding consumption possibilities. Goods were exchanged mainly through trade which was one of the biggest factors in bringing Native American peoples into contact with one another. As tribes established permanent settlements, many of these settlements became well known for specific products or skills. This elaborate trading system set a steady base for the economy of Indian societies.
The Europeans started to colonize the New World in the 15th century when Christopher Columbus tried to find a new trade route to the East Indies. Followed by this expedition, the Spanish, Portuguese, French, and English started to colonize the different parts of the New World. They started setting up their own economy and government system in the New World from 16th century to 19th century. Each of the four principles used slaves in order to expand their economy, and in order to gain more profits by using the slaves on the plantations. The true nature of slavery in the Americas was the Europeans dominance and ownership over slaves, and also the economic gain for the whites by the use of slaves.
After watching and reviewing the video, “The Arab Muslim Slave Trade Of Africans, The Untold Story” the Arab Muslim Slave Trade can easily be considered one of the most devastating events to happen to the African people and its population. The Arab Muslim Slave Trade consisted of six major slave routes that took place across the Sahara Dessert, the Red Sea,
Ancient Greece daily life and culture was very vast and important in which we have been influenced greatly by. They taught us their many discoveries in science and technology which has helped us throughout our existence as the human race. But the question is; how did they have enough time to reach these great discoveries? Well, the answer is simple: Slavery. Slaves gave the people of Greece the chance to focus on things they deemed to be important, whether it be a revolutionary government system, or creating an army in which nobody can stand against. Now, you may all look at slavery and think it to be wrong, but times are different now and the generation in which we are speaking of referred to slavery as a norm. It was simply a way of life
First, trade, specifically the export of slaves throughout Europe and the Islamic world, played a role in the economic success of medieval towns. During this time, Islamic wealth came into the European empires, so in return, the exchange of European slaves occurred. Slaves were captured in Europe and sent
The most famous example of this kind of slavery is found in America, during the 16th, 17th and 18th century. During this time, America's southern states were dominated by slavery, and the vast majority of plantations were essentially run by black slaves, imported from Africa. The slave trade was founded in 1444, by the Portuguese who, sensing the need for more slaves, ventured to use Africans. They realised that the
In the Renaissance, slaves were starting to be used in plantations, mostly in America, but also in plantations in Italy and off the coast of Africa (Gascoigne). So, in both the Renaissance and the Industrial Revolution, at least some slaves were used for hard labor. The Portuguese were the first to put slaves to work in plantations, and slaves soon came to be used on plantations in the Americas by nations such as Spain, Holland, France, England, and the Netherlands. The first slaves they enslaved in these colonies were the native peoples, but soon, the native population began to dwindle. Since Portugal had been exploring the coast of Africa and since Africa had a booming population of people, Africans became the people they predominantly enslaved (Guild). Thus, racial slavery was started. Blacks came to be viewed as lower than human, and this view spread to all the nations which came to have plantations in America. Millions of blacks were imported to plantations for sugar, spices, tobacco, coffee, etc. during the span of the Renaissance (Hornsby).
As theory cannot escape the social, economic and political of the time in which it was developed, one cannot truly consider critiquing Aristotle’s natural theory of slavery without some knowledge of slavery in Aristotle’s world. First and foremost, slavery was ubiquitous. Furthermore, they were employed not only as household servants and stewards, but in Aristotle’s Athens, they are worked in the fields, the mines, as craftsman, traders, secretaries, accountants, teachers, doctors, public servants, and participated in the arts. Hence they were indispensable for satisfying the needs of Athenians of even modest affluence. The perfect household was one that had slaves (Politics 1253b 4). Without their exploitation, the middle and upper classes’ good life would cease to exist. Moreover, the Aristotelian, ideal citizen would not be free to engage in the rational activities prescribed. While Aristotle’s defense of slavery can be considered morally repugnant to