Why did American policymakers confuse nationalism with communism in Vietnam and try to superimpose a European model of the Cold War on to Southeast Asia? What was the rationale in taking the United States military halfway around the world and involve them in a 10 year unwinnable war? It seems almost a cliché, but it appears that the American policymakers could not see past 1917 and the Russian Revolution. The proud population of what we now call Vietnam had been struggling for many centuries, trying to throw off the yoke of foreign domination. It made little difference to them whether it was the Chinese from Asia are they French colonists from Europe, they preferred to rule their own country. The Four Power allies of World War II could …show more content…
As I alluded to earlier, the artificial border that created South Vietnam divided the agrarian South from the industrial North and sat up economic problems that rivaled those of the anti-bellum United States. Population groups were moved arbitrarily from one place to another. Families were divided and those members with questionable loyalties were executed. How do you instantly create loyalty to an artificially created power? About the only way that we have been able to do successfully in the United States has involved the building of a new high school and dividing the student population. Give them a new mascot, fight song, and "Saturday night lights", and after several years you will have a group of students who now detest their former alma mater. This is not as easy to accomplish within a country that has been struggling for over 1000 years to develop and maintain a separate identity. And certainly this cannot be easily accomplished by a foreign military power who does not understand the mindset of the Vietnamese. How could Dwight D. Eisenhower, the master commander of World War II, been led along the path toward defeat and humiliation? Did the actions of Martin Dies, Joe McCarthy, and his running mate Richard M. Nixon, helped to grease the skids that let our military hand-basket into hell? If Shirley Temple could be accused of having communistic sympathies, what hope was there for anyone in government? Therefore, Eisenhower's Republican
Life in North Vietnam, during the Vietnam War, changed drastically after the Geneva Accords were signed and Vietnam split into two parts. Ho Chi Minh became President of North Vietnam after he fought and removed French power from Vietnam. During Minh’s reign, he turned Vietnam into a Communist dictatorship and fought the American-controlled South Vietnam. Religion changed to become a way to fight the dictatorship rather than a way to achieve enlightenment. Labor Camps were started and rebels were thrown in to work. Life degraded into slums and has not been much better since Vietnam has been getting aid from Russia.
During the Lyndon Baines Johnson presidential administration, both those policy makers who supported America’s involvement in Vietnam and those who opposed the war were part of the “containment generation.” They had reached political maturity during World War II and the early years of the Cold War and had experienced the intense anticommunism of the McCarthy era of the early 1950s. These leaders understood and applied the lessons of American nationalism, which had the primary message that the U.S. was the dominating nation that had to embrace its responsibility to aid and improve nations in America’s image. Therefore, when they saw that there was a threat of the spread of communism to areas of Southeast Asia, a majority of the
The political instability in Vietnam from 1950 to 1975 between the communist North Vietnam and anti-communist South Vietnam during the Cold War era has led to the United States’ inevitable intervention in Vietnam. The main motivators for the United States’ incremental decision to intervene and commitment in Vietnam can be viewed as an accumulation of socio-political, political and economic catalysts. In recognition that there were many other factors that may have contributed to the U.S’s involvement in the conflict in Vietnam, this essay will largely focus on these three factors. As the cold war resonates, the American’s crusade was propelled by the fears of the domino theory and perception of Communist threat and expansion affected the
The Vietnam war has been referred to by many names, one of the longer ones was 'the cornerstone of the free world southeast Asia'. It was called that by John F. Kennedy. He was talking about Vietnam being and essential country in a non-communist world. He believed that if Vietnam became a communist country, all of the surrounding countries would also become communists. This is the main reason America was involved in the Vietnam war. Another reason was that America wanted to spread their “political ideas around the globe”. They wanted to do this so that their anti-communism stance was clear. The public also wanted to keep communism from spreading. To soldiers, the war was like a crusade, a great journey to purge the communists from Vietnam.
In September 1945 Ho Chin Minh declared his country independence (Vietnam).Ho determination to make his country free brought him to the realization that, in other to achieve that, the Vietnamese would have to fight another war against the French colonialist. After several years of fighting the French were won out and sued for peace with the Vietnamese with a suitably ceremony on October 9 1945.This brought the intervention of the American, who wanted Vietnamese to be permanently divided which was temporally divided at the time (pp 150-151). As the Americans campaigned against communism, it has being portrayed to many that it is the right of the Americans to intervene in Vietnamese as world power. But the decision made by Johnson’s presidency was bias. The increase of American military troops in south Vietnam provoked and intensified the response from the north which eventually broke out to a war were so many lives were lost. The war ended with a great
In accordance with the rest of history, the incident of the 1945 Declaration of Independence had many effects. The immediate consequence of the Declaration of Independence was the French determination to recolonize Vietnam, which led to a compromise with Ho Chi Minh. After they had declared themselves an independent state, there was a chance for the American’s to recognize the government of Vietnam, but they were more intent on rebuilding Europe. France however had more on their minds than just returning France to its full glory, it wanted to re-enter it’s lost colonies. They wanted to reclaim what they believed was their territory to reclaim. The US, who had previously sided with Vietnam, and supported Ho, changed sides. This could be
The Vietnam War was the first major war American’s had suffered defeat. The Vietnam war was a war of confusion, competition and biasness. The outcome of the war was far greater than an upset American nation, but a severe breakdown of the Vietnamese culture, economy, environment and government. It also had a tremendous impact on American society even up to present day. It was unclear from the beginning of the war if the American’s should even be involved. It was a war between Northern and Southern Vietnam but the U.S saw it as an indirect way to challenge the USSR’s sphere of influence in Southern Asia and to prevent the domino effect and the further spread of communism. The Vietnam War completely changed the way the United States
The Vietnam War was a conflict, which the United States involved itself in unnecessarily and ultimately lost. The basis of the conflict was simple enough: Communism vs. Capitalism, yet the conduct of the Vietnam War was complex and strategic, and brought repercussions which had never been seen before. The struggle between North and South had an almost inevitable outcome, yet the Americans entered the War optimistic that they could aid the falling South and sustain democracy. The American intentions for entering the Vietnam conflict were good, yet when the conflict went horribly wrong, and the resilient North Vietnamese forces, or Viet Cong' as they were known, refused to yield, the United States saw they were fighting a losing battle.
The first thing that one must do when discussing Vietnam is remember the historical context in which the conflict took place. The United States and it's Free World allies were attempting to confine the Communist Bloc, which by this time included both the Soviet Union and China, and keep it from expanding into surrounding nations. The U.S. felt that if the Communists were not allowed to expand, they would eventually collapse under the weight of their centralized economy. So in order to accomplish the policy of containment, the U.S. need to ally itself with nations bordering Communist ones. However, one of the most important aspects of political alliances is the trust each must have in the
Vietnam War DBQ Rough Draft The United States became involved in Vietnam affairs after the end of World War II, during the Cold War. The French were trying to colonize Indochina, which included Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia. America wanted to have the French as allies against the Soviet union, so they proceeded to aid them in their colonization. Vietnam pressed for independence, and war broke out. The U.S. involvement in the war remains controversial.
US policy during the war was weak and not nearly aggressive enough to beat the North Vietnamese. For example, President Johnson was unwilling to order a full scale invasion of North Vietnam. His reason for this was it passed through the territory of countries not involved in the war This was due to fears that it would also provoke China into entering the war directly. Another example would be Johnson’s refusal to cut off the Ho Chi Minh Trail. As a result, supplies would continue to flow uninterrupted. The reasons for not cutting off the trail were mainly political. These political reasons include not wanting to breach Laotian neutrality, especially since the North Vietnamese had no qualms about breaching, and that US
It later exploded into a huge argument and then leads to a civil war spurring between North Vietnam and South Vietnam. The war started because North Vietnam wanted to be communist and south wanted to be democratic. It got to a heated discussion that later splurged into a worldwide debate, which later lead North Vietnam (along with other communist countries such as the Soviet Union.) to attacking South Vietnam and other allied countries(such as the United States.). Many of the world’s civilians saw the war as a “waste of time.” or “waste of government spending.”. It ended with neither side really gaining or losing anything. Which leads into the question…What were the all around effects on the Vietnamese in the Vietnam War and how did it affect our world and vets afterwards?
The United States thought if they stopped communism in Vietnam, it would stop the spread of communism. At this time, America saw itself as
Vietnam was a country divided into two by communism in the North and capitalism in the South. The Vietnam War, fought between the years 1959 and 1975, was, in essence, a struggle by nationalists in the north to unify the nation under a communist government. This was a long standing conflict between the two sides that had been occurring for years. It wasn’t until 1959 when the USA, stepped in, on the side of southern Vietnamese, to stop the spread of communism. It was a war that did not capture the hearts and minds of the American people as it was viewed as a war that the US army couldn’t win and so the government lost the peoples support for the war. This ultimately led to the withdrawal of the US army from Vietnam. Some people, like
To understand the US involvement in Vietnam, it is necessary to understand the background of traditional independence and opposition to larger powers throughout Vietnamese history. The Vietnamese had a long history and tradition of opposing invading powers. This opposition and culture was to draw the U.S. into the longest war it has been involved in. This was an indirect but vitally important cause of US involvement in the Vietnam War. As early as 500BC, Vietnam was a country that held a strong sense of nationalism, and endeavoured for the goal of autonomy, independence, and self-rule. Up until modern history, there have been several events that have contributed towards intensifying this sense of nationalism and resistance against foreign powers. National resistance against the Chinese empire was one of the earliest examples of resistance against nationalism. Throughout the period of pre-modern history from 210 BC to 1789, resistances against foreign control and rule such as that against the Nan Yue, the Song, the Ming, and the Qing, were frequent. These attempts at national resistance came down to the basis that the nationalist Vietnamese did not want foreign influence determining the political future, culture, or customs of their country. Another main example that increased a sense of nationalism was French Colonialism. The French, who were appealed by Vietnam’s unique location, natural resources, and the extensive economic opportunities