There is a fair amount of research surrounding parents being incarcerated, and the effects it can have on those they leave on the outside. Children with incarcerated parents can have quite a few factors working against them. This can cause behavioural and emotional issues (Merenstein, Tyson, Tilles, Keays, & Rufffolo, 2011). There is a need for social support from adult role models. This includes caregivers, teachers and other adults in the community activities they are involved in ( Luther, 2015; Merenstein, et al., 2011). One of the issues children who have one, or both, parents incarcerated face, is the stigma surrounding parental incarceration. This stigma can be from either peers, adults in the community and teachers. (Dellaire, …show more content…
Children who grew up with one or both parents incarcerated mention the importance of having an adult role model. These role models can help change the path the children are on. Especially if they are heading down a path to delinquency. Caregivers are often Grandparents (Luther, 2015), and this can be a benefit or a detriment. Grandparents, because they are related to the child, on either the incarcerated parent 's side or not, can be one of the best care giver situations for the child. Grandparents might be more willing to put their child in different extracurricular activities to keep them busy. The activities might be a sports team, a church group, or a program like Big Brother, Big Sisters. This helps the child create ties. Including even more role models to help guide them either passively or overtly. As well it helps build up the resilience that helps them keep away from deviant or illegal behaviours (Luther, 2015). However Grandparents as the primary caregiver can also be unfavorable. Teachers found that sometimes the grandparent is not enthused to be looking after their grandchild as they’ve already been through raising a child. They feel they have already finished with raising a child, and all the extras that come with it. For example homework, and parent teacher conferences (Dellaire, et al., 2010). As well a Grandparent may very well be on a fixed income. This impacts the number of extracurricular actives the child can attend,
“When parents are imprisoned it is not only they who suffer, but also their offspring.” “Children of incarcerated parents are more likely to drop out of school; misbehave in school; develop learning disabilities.” These children are acting out of anger, sadness, and lack of relationship with mom or dad. Whenever a parent is missing out of the household it plays a major role on the child in every way possible; academically, socially , and even emotionally. This only leads to these kids being thrown into the streets, doing drugs, in the graveyard, jail or prison. Every child needs a father and mother in their life to guide them along the way, be there for them to cheer them on and see them grow into an adult. But cops and higher officials do not care about any family or children that is not their own. They also don’t care about you if you do not look similar or have the same social status. It's like they look down on us as if we are beneath them. That is a pure example of selfishness. So to the policeman this is basically a repeated cycle; lock up mom or dad then the kid will go astray and start getting his or herself into illegal trouble, soon enough being locked up as well. And because of this cycle it seems like the norm thing to kids and even
The United States’ ever-expanding prison and jail population has brought about many questions regarding the side-effects of mass incarceration, namely involving the effects on the children and families from which those incarcerated are removed. Regardless of the perspectives on the appropriate position of incarceration in the criminal justice system, imprisonment disrupts many positive and nurturing relationships between parents and their children. In fact, more than 1.7 million children have a parent who is incarcerated in a state or federal prison as of 2007 (Glaze & Maruschak, 2008). These youths are at risk for developing behavior and school problems in addition to insecure attachment relationships. Parental incarceration, which may also be coupled with economic disadvantage and inconsistent living arrangements (Geller, Garfinkel, Cooper, & Mincy, 2009) can be an extremely difficult experience for children. It should come as no surprise that families with children suffer economic strain and instability when a parent is imprisoned, considering how each parent in today’s world typically needs to set aside time to earn an income to support their family, and most are unable to support their homes on one income. While it may be considered intrusive to some to intervene in the lives of children and families with incarcerated parents, research has suggested that there are positive societal benefits to intervening in the lives of incarcerated parents and their
Today prisons are overcrowded and over two million Americans, male, and female are sitting in jail or prison, and two thirds of those people incarcerated are parents (U.S. Department of Justice). Approximately two million of these children are separated from their mom or dad because of incarceration of which these are the custodial parent. These children suffer from poverty, inconsistency in caregivers, separation from siblings, reduced education, increased risk for substance abuse, alcoholism and incarceration themselves.
When someone is incarcerated it not only affects them but it takes a toll on their family. For example, men who are incarcerated and leave children behind. This affects the household and its finances. This is due to the fact that in some households men are the primary breadwinner. Children of women who are incarcerated sometimes end up homeless or in foster homes. This has a negative effect on the children because they lack the guidance and basic fundamentals a parent provides. Children who have a parent in jail are emotionally affected because there's no balance within their life, especially if their parent is always in an out of jail. Some kids start doing poorly in school, acting out and sometimes get involved in criminal
Since 1970 the rate of incarceration has more than tripled in the United States alone. In may urban cities such as Washington D.C., it has increased five fold. But statistics do not reveal what it is like for the children, wives, and parents of prisoners. It certainly does not show how the increasing numbers of inmates on the inside are having a profound effect on the outside--reaching deep into the family and community life of urban american families. Drawing on numerous powerful family structures supported by extensive empirical data, studies are shining a light on the darker side of a system that is failing the very people it is designed to protect.
Especially if that someone is Black. It’s statically proven that everyday a black person is put into prison more than the average white person. As stated before, “African Americans are incarcerated in state prisons across the country at more than five times the rate of whites, and at least ten times the rate in five states” (The Sentencing Project). After so many years there are still ways to bring down the black community. Mostly among the people going to jail in their community are African American Males. A Father is most of the time the holder and keeper of the family, he’s the one who holds everything down, between working hard at a job or doing the little things at home simply raising his children. So, when he’s missing in a child’s life it really takes a tole on the whole entire family. Leaving the mother to do everything trying to provide and watch her kids at the same time. It’s not easy to do both at all which leaves room for kids to do things on their own and in mostly a little boys case leads them down the wrong path into being introduced to drugs, gangs, and violence. An article states, “Many of those who escape do so for one generation only: as things now are, their children may have to run the gauntlet all over again. That is not the
It serves as a basis for further research about children with incarcerated parents. The finding will enable further discussion and collaboration with international literature and researchers. Therefore the findings from this study could be of great interest to criminal justice and welfare field outside of New Zealand as
According to the Office of the Assistant Secretary for Planning and Evaluation, children who have at least one parent in prison at the age of six are twice as likely to be involved in criminal activities as their peers (ASPE n.d.). We have heard it said many times; like father, like son. It means that, in traits such as looks, speech, or character, children are much like their parents. Growing up in a difficult situation often has some negative effects. Children of incarcerated individuals in particular have a rough time. They struggle to have good relationships with their parents, if any at all. Many develop mental and physical health issues due to such hardships. Therefore, the best method of ensuring healthy development
In the past 20 years, women inmates have been one of the fastest growing prison populations in the United States. Women inmates represent a myriad of voices that speak to poverty-stricken lives, histories of abuse, separations of mother and child, struggles with substance abuse, health issues, and economic hardships. Women’s prisons have increasingly become a source of intrigue and controversy, particularly through the broadcasting of a number of television documentaries, such as Orange Is the New Black. This explores all the issues and concerns regarding female inmates. Many times women in prison are overlooked, as the prison problems that receive media attention occur primarily at male institutions.
The nation’s jail population is at an all-time high and this has raised a series of questions about the collateral effects it will have on children, families, and the community. The number of parents being incarcerated has increased dramatically and the privatization of this institution indicates that the number of children growing up without their parents due to incarceration will continue to rise. As the number increases, generalist practitioners must prepare themselves to deal with this emerging trend. So as new trends emerge, generalist practitioners
In reading and dissecting Nell Bernstein’s All alone in the world: Children of the incarcerated, many social issues and issues within current policies involving the incarcerated population were discussed. It is no secret that for some time now, the United States’ criminal justice system has been majorly flawed in more ways than one. Bernstein focuses and creates conversation around several difficulties that children of the incarcerated population experience. The central social problem presented in Bernstein’s novel is that children are being separated from their parents at crucial developmental stages in their lives. Many of the children experienced their parent(s) being incarcerated at very young ages; ages where having a parent to interact with on a daily basis is imperative, not only for developmental growth, but for emotional and social aspects as well. At these young ages, children are unable to understand and process what exactly is occurring and more importantly why their parents are being taken away from them.
This author contends that most children who reach primary schooling age should not live with their incarcerated parent but rather, return to society to begin their formal education. Studies have shown that only children from birth to the age of 2 years have a total dependency on their parent, developing attachment and trust to their
Parenting 's Link to Delinquency I researched the connection between “Co-parenting problem and Delinquency” in the social work literature. The literature discussed the challenges faced by those attempting to co -parent after divorce or the end of a relationship, where the raising of children is involved. Scholars suggest that though Co parenting is often a portrait of difficulty or may be viewed as an unobtainable situation effective communication is essential to transitioning into this new parental role, in a manner which is in the best interest of the children. As the article points out, they believe “it is helpful to love your children more than you dislike your former spouse”(Evansville 2015), advocating modeling respectful and effective communication for the child. The article, also mentions another attribute they feel is of importance, “parental interaction is a request based rather than demanding”, proposing this affords children the opportunity to love both parents freely.” More over the scholar suggests healthy parental relationships could lead to better co-parenting and healthy child development. As well, I analyzed how problems in co-parenting are linked to delinquency and what researchers believe to be some of the causation of some youths exhibiting these behaviors and not others. Scholars have mentioned the pros and cons of 4 different parenting style, “authoritative, which is characterized as a supportive and strict, permissive, support and not strict,
Garfinkel (2010) considers how the parents of youth with emotional and behavioral disorders need to become more involved in the process of their child being referred to juvenile court. If the parent does become more involved, then this could decrease their likelihood of recidivism. Parents should advocate for their child and be informed of their educational rights in school, correctional settings, and juvenile court. The achievable goal is to reduce recidivism and increase parent involvement, by using youth-centered programs and strategies. The observation made in this article suggests that family involvement may positively influence juvenile court officers and law enforcement. Programs that engage families through community-based approaches and services can help parents develop effective parenting
saying i love my parents, i strike it lucky.To begin with, youngsters are more likely to be persuaded by the reality of personal experiences and stories. Reformed offenders can tell teenagers about how they got involved in crime, the hazards of a criminal lifestyle and what life in prison is really like. Obviously, with the popularity of mass media, adolescents seem to imagine the glamorous lives of criminals. Thus, share of prisoners will be the best methods to dispel these ideals. Furthermore, while teenagers are often indifferent to the advice given by adults around them, stories of an ex-offender can attract their attention. The vivid and shocking series of events may have powerful