Throughout The Semester I Faced Challenges In Finding Primary

The subject of slavery in the early 1700s had the potential to elicit an array of opinions depending upon the race, gender, and political role of the individual in question. Like the majority of white land-holding men who owned slaves, William Byrd viewed the treatment of Africans as that consistent with livestock: slaves were to do the work they were assigned and give in to every whim of their masters for fear of being severely punished. Olaudah Equiano provides a contrast in opinion to this widely accepted viewpoint. By humanizing Africans and detailing the intimate emotions experienced by them, Equiano implicitly argues against the attitudes of typical slave owners.

The debate over the legality of sovereignty and acquired lands from the native Americans, specifically the Cherokee, has long been debated. The issues involved have included treaties, land sold, and the right of the Government to physically enforce their rules on Indian land "sovereignty". This paper will examine the strategy used by the Federal Governments, the State Governments as well as those of the Cherokee Indians. The three-way relationship as well as the issues will examine how the interpretation of the Constitution changed society prior to the year of 1840.

Chapter five in Takaki’s “A Different Mirror” focused primary on the African-American experience 1700s through the end of the Civil War and the failure of Reconstruction. The experience of reading these chapters after learning about the continued degradation of Native Americans lent itself to continued feelings of hopelessness regarding the beginnings of U.S. history. For a moment, I felt deep shame at the actions of the founders of the United States, especially those who were the head of the country, in that time President Andrew Jackson. Slavery was not only a "peculiar institution" but also one that forced landowners to dismiss that they were exploiting fellow human beings for profit. Takaki discussed four major figures before, during, and

Slavery and indentured servitude was the backbone of the Virginia economy. Slaves were considered an investment in the planter’s business and a necessity for success. The treatment of slaves was much the same as owning a piece of property or equipment. Slaves were not viewed as fellow human beings, quite the opposite they were of lesser status. Slaves and indentured servants grew tired of their treatment and responded with acts of rebellion. One such act was for the slaves and servants to run away. Indentured servants and slaves both made the incredibly brave decision to risk fleeing and capture in the hope of finding a free and better life, as opposed to continue living in their oppressed conditions. Runaway slave advertisements became

The people of post-Revolutionary America prided themselves on their newfound independence from Britain, boasting independence in trade, culture, and social structure. The new nation’s white citizens unified through perceiving themselves as distant from Britain’s constricting class hierarchy, despite upholding a well-defined, pedigree-based social order. William Grimes’s autobiographical Life of William Grimes, the Runaway Slave and Oliver Tredwell’s 1825 speech “Should the U.S. remove the Indians” revealed the importance of pedigree for post-Revolutionary nationalism, caused by white unification through the subordination of people of color.

The Hortons utilizes several pieces of work from African Americans history throughout the text. Not only does the information draw from historical research’s but from excellent sources. Some of the great primary and secondary sources mention in the text includes, autobiographies, diaries, records, sermon text, newspapers, correspondences, novels and several different other pieces of literature and materials (Hortons pg. V). It is through the use of the many resources that enable readers to have a better understanding of American History and the position blacks within that history. It is the beginning of the first chapter that the first signs of slavery being introduced to the Northerner occurred during the mid-seventeenth century (Hortons pg.

The day the colonists first set foot on American soil marked the beginning of an arduous struggle for Native Americans. When the colonists first arrived, there were ten million Native Americans; over the next three centuries, over 90% of the entire population was wiped out due to the white man. The removal of Native Americans marks a humiliating period of United States history. President Andrew Jackson attempted to consolidate the Native Americans when he told them “‘circumstances render it impossible that [they could] flourish in the midst of a civilized community. [They] have but one remedy within [their] reach, and that is to remove to the west. And the sooner [they] do this, the sooner [they] will commence your career of improvement and prosperity.’” In contrast to Jackson’s justification for removal, historians such as Charles Hudson describe removal as a “‘gentle, almost antiseptic word for one of the harshest, most crudely opportunistic acts in American history.’” A number of American people were opposed to removal, the most notorious of which included newspaper editor Noh-Noh-He-Tsu-Nageh. Author Walter T. Durham seeks to illustrate the abdominal nature of Cherokee Removal in his article "Noh-Noh-He-Tsu-Nageh and the Cherokee Removal” through Noh-Noh-He-Tsu’s personal accounts and through the flaws of the various treaties signed with the Native Americans.

Through writings of these abolitionists and the

In this paper the main focus is on the language of the Cherokee. Is the language of the Cherokee, or as they also call it Tsalagi, still alive? Is it still spoken among the members of the tribes, including the younger generations or do they have lost the language of their ancestors? Is there something to be done until it is irretrievably lost? In order to come to a solution on this matter, I will be taking a look at why Native American languages in general have become extinct in the first place. On the example of the Cherokee language a look will be taken at the initiatives set to revive and preserve it in order to prove it is still alive and will continue to be.

This article ends with how the Indian Removal increases the opinions of men and women’s views toward the

Black and white abolitionists shared common assumptions about the evil of slavery, the "virtue of moral reform", and the certainty of human progress"(1). Schor, Garnet,1877, & Lanngston, 1989). This shared understanding provided "the basic for the interracial solidarity" and cooperation so vital in the crusade against slavery"(2). (Schor and Garnet, 1877). But blacks also brought a distinct perspective to the antislavery movement. Their abolitionism was shaped profoundly by their personal experience and racial oppression. Unlike most white abolitionists, they

(1) The use of natural dialect can be seen throughout the slave narrative interviews through words and phrases used that were common during the period of slavery, but are not used today. One example can be seen in the dialect used by former slave Mama Duck, “Battlin stick, like dis. You doan know what a battling stick is? Well, dis here is one.” Through incomplete sentences and unknown words the natural dialect of the time can be seen. Unfamiliar words such as shin-plasters, meaning a piece of paper currency or a promissory note regarded as having little or no value. Also, geechees, used to describe a class of Negroes who spoke Gullah. Many examples can be seen throughout the “Slave Narratives”

The 18th and 19th century were years full of tragedy for both the Cherokee and African Americans. All through the 19th century Native Americans were far less than respected by the United States. At this time, the United States needed to extend and develop quickly, and to accomplish this objective, the Native Americans were "pushed" westbound from their land. By 1830, slavery was mostly situated in the South. African Americans were subjugated on plantations, manors, urban communities and towns, and out in the fields. Frederick Douglass’ speech “What to a Slave is the Fourth of July?” and “Cherokee Phoenix” by Alysa Landry both use strong rhetorical appeals in their writing, which contributes to the effectiveness of their argument to demonstrate the racial reality both African Americans and Cherokee witness every day.

Through the story of Shoe Boots, who was a Cherokee warrior and Doll, an African-American slave who was his long-term lover. Tina Miles presents us a fascinating tale about the Cherokees, the Whites and the Blacks. The relationship between Shoe Boots and Doll had indeed been a very unusual relationship at the time. The more acceptable intermarriages were between the Cherokees and the Whites. It was through their relationship that, Tina Miles was able to show us a different perspective. Unlike the others, she didn't just focus on the Whites and the Cherokees. Instead, she showed us this new element; The blacks. She showed us issues that had arisen as the Cherokees had adopted attitudes and actions of the White supremest regarding race, slavery, gender and economy. This story shows that through the British and American colonization of the southeast had led to the introduction of African slavery and racial prejudice among the Cherokees and

The controversies surrounding slavery have been established in many societies worldwide for centuries. In past generations, although slavery did exists and was tolerated, it was certainly very questionable,” ethically“. Today, the morality of such an act would not only be unimaginable, but would also be morally wrong. As things change over the course of history we seek to not only explain why things happen, but as well to understand why they do. For this reason, we will look further into how slavery has evolved throughout History in American society, as well as the impacts that it has had.