One of the major themes of the novel “To Kill a Mocking Bird” is Racism.
Racism is discriminating against someone based on their race or ethnicity.
The book shows Alabama in 1930s. During this time there was racism and segregation common in the South. There were many incidents throughout the novel that showed racial prejudice that was part of the southern culture.
These incidents also show segregation of blacks and whites.
When Calpurnia took both Jem and Scutt to her black African American
Church- a tall Negro woman Lula said to Calpurnia, “I wants to know why you bringin’ white chillun to nigger church.” (Lee, Harper. Pg. 135. To Kill a Mocking Bird. New York: Harper Collins, 1999. Print)
“You ain’t got no business bringin white chillun
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We don’t need her now.” (Lee, Harper. Pg. 156. To Kill a Mocking Bird. New York: Harper Collins, 1999. Print) Atticus, replied to his sister, “Alexandra, Calpurnia’s not leaving this house until she wants to. You may think otherwise, but I couldn’t have got along without her all these years.” (Lee, Harper. Pg. 156. To Kill a Mocking Bird. New York: Harper Collins, 1999. Print)
When Atticus was representing Tom Robinson’s case, Mrs. Dubose talked to Jem and Scout about Atticus in a very racist manner “Your fathers no better than the niggers and trash he works for!” (Lee, Harper. Pg. 117. To Kill a Mocking Bird. New York: Harper Collins, 1999. Print) These remarks made Jem really angry and he later as a revenge destroyed her Camillia bushes. This incident not only shows the general mentality of people but also shows how much anger racist remarks can cause.
The major incident that shows racism in the novel is the trail of Tom
Robinson. Tom was an innocent African American who was charged with rape of a white girl. When Atticus decided to defend him in court- he and his family soon became the town’s hot topic. Even when Atticus proved
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This shows how much of prejudice was there.
Atticus’s arguments in the courtroom shed light on the problem of racism very clearly, when he remarks "She was white, and she tempted a Negro.
She did something that in our society is unspeakable: she kissed a black man. Not an old Uncle, but a strong young Negro man. No code mattered to her before she broke it, but it came crashing down on her afterwards."
(Lee, Harper. Pg. 232. To Kill a Mocking Bird. New York: Harper Collins, 1999. Print)
When a disillusioned Jem expresses his opinion about Tom Robinson’s verdict,
Atticus explains, “There’s something in our world that makes men lose their heads- they couldn’t be fair if they tried. In our courts, when it’s a white man’s word against a black man’s word, the white always wins. They’re ugly, but these are the facts of life” (Lee, Harper. Pg. 252. To Kill a Mocking Bird. New York: Harper Collins, 1999.
Racism is something that most people would claim they do not believe in or support; however, as clearly shown in the novel To Kill a Mockingbird, racism is a disease that spreads through a region and worsens as time goes on. Racism is an issue that is still prevalent in the American society today, and Harper Lee’s timeless novel continues to teach the lesson that one needs to look beyond the color of another man’s skin and see them for who they truly are. Mr. Raymond’s conversation with Dill after Tom Robinson’s testimony initially shows that racism is better comprehended with age. He says, “Let him get a little older and he won’t get sick and cry… Cry about the hell white people give to colored folks, without even stopping to think that they’re people too” (Lee, 1960, p. 269). Here, it becomes clear that children can be naive to racism and the evil in the world, but as they continue to grow up in an area that feels so strongly about white supremacy, they become immune to the injustice and prejudice. Further, Mr. Raymond’s words allow the reader to better understand the severity of the racism in Maycomb and the entirety of the country. It also unveils a crucial theme in the novel, namely that one must consider a person of color to be no different from oneself, as all humans are equal. Additionally, racism is repeatedly referred to as a disease in the novel, which is explained when Atticus is talking to Uncle Jack about the trial and he says “‘... I hope and pray I can get
Harper Lee’s novel, To Kill A Mockingbird, is a realistic story that deeply discusses issues involved with the 1930’s that still resonate today. The struggles of life are evident within the believable characters of Maycomb County which is a microcosm, reflective of universal issues. Along with the authentic characters, setting and style also helps to convey Lee’s controversial notions of racial and gender prejudice, and persecution of the innocent, discussing many other ideas within.
Baxter, Roberta. "To Kill a Mockingbird." Jan. 2006. EBSCO. Literary Reference Center. Paul VI, Fairfax. 23 Mar. 2009 <http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lfh&AN=19358591=lrc-live>.
thing during and following slavery. In the novel, a man named Bob Ewell despises black people and calls out Atticus by saying, “too proud to fight, you nigger lovin bastard?” (Lee, 291). What that quote is saying is how Bob is getting upset with atticus just because he is Tom Robinson's lawyer and Bob Ewell doesn’t like black people. Another example of racism occurs in chapter 11. This happens when the kids are walking by Mrs.Dubose’s home, and she starts yelling out racist comments about Atticus. She yells out to Jem and says, “your father is no better than the niggers and trash he works for!” (Lee, 105) She attacks their father for doing his job, but even more so attacks Jem and Scout by Yelling furiously about their father. These two ways are clearly shown in To Kill A Mockingbird and there are many other ways throughout the novel.
There are many racism problems in the novel To Kill a Mockingbird. Atticus is a lawyer in the racist state of Alabama and he is trying to defend a man by the name of Tom Robinson after he got accused for raping a white woman. Atticus knows that nobody is going to believe Tom’s side of the story because he is black in the racist state of Alabama. Through Atticus’s morals the reader learns that he feels obligated to help this
In Harper Lee’s novel, To Kill a Mockingbird, “ Cry about the hell white people give
This quote is an excerpt from “To Kill a Mockingbird”. It is one of the many instances of
“Mockingbirds don’t do one thing but make music for us to enjoy. They don’t eat up people’s gardens, don’t nest in corncribs, they don’t do one thing but sing their hearts out for us. That’s why it’s a sin to kill a mockingbird.” (Lee 93).
To Kill a Mockingbird, by Harper Lee, is a complex literary work exploring several aspects of the human condition. Lee’s story is one based in the 1930’s, shortly before the Civil Rights Movement. Her novel ventures into the societal issues, such as racism and gender stereotyping, in their fictional town, Maycomb. One recurring theme throughout the narrative is the social adjustment of the citizens of Maycomb and the human race as a whole. Lee showcases the progress in social justice matters by using symbolism and motifs.
Martin Luther King said, “I have a dream that my four little children will one day live in a nation where they will not be judged by the color of their skin but by the content of their character.” Racism is still an issue that can be seen in the twenty-first century. Although, tons of progress has been made over the last century, some still hold on to racist beliefs. The majority of classic American literature demonstrates the racism that was present in the early twentieth century. By looking at the theme of race in the American classic, To Kill a Mockingbird, it is clear that people are quick to judge others based on their own opinions and feelings.
Hiett, John. "Hey, Boo: Harper Lee & To Kill A Mockingbird; The Untold Story Behind A Great American Novel." Library Journal (1976) 136.14 (2011):
It has been over fifty years since Harper Lee wrote her classic book, To Kill a Mockingbird (TKM). “Harper Lee’s work is so powerful and popular that it has never been out of print,” (Price). Since then, the outside world has changed with significance. People wear jeans instead of slacks, pocket calculators have more computing power than the rocket that put humans on the moon, and culture is advancing faster than the rocket’s return. Through all these changes that have taken place since 1960, TKM remains ever present in the today’s competitive world and it “represents the best and the worst parts of American society” (TKM: Still Relevant). The symbolism and underlying messages of the book, specifically the illustration of the mockingbird in society, is extremely relevant in today’s world.
As the United States “progresses” in economic, educational and technological advancements we still are fighting for racial equality. With more than 50 years since the brown vs. board of education case there is still incidents like Ferguson, Baton Rouge, and Phiando Castile where many questions are still unanswered. However, Harper Lee dealt with these same problems in 1960 when she wrote To Kill a Mockingbird. Lee created an emotionally confronting story. Lee writes through the eyes of “Scout” a lawyer’s daughter in a small sleepy town of Maycomb in Alabama during the great depression. Throughout the book “Scout” learns coming of age lessons from Atticus and her own experiences. But when Atticus takes on a case defending a black man (Tom Robinson) convicted for rapping a white woman (Mayella Ewell) and is found guilty. “Scout” her brother Jem begin to understand the effects of the prejudices in society. Therefore, Lee applies the literary concepts of diction and tone to revel the truth that prejudices in society negatively affect the way people treat each other in To Kill a Mocking Bird.
“To Kill a Mocking Bird” is a novel which was written by Harper Lee. In my essay I will discuss how Harper Lee explores the theme of prejudice by looking at the writing techniques and how they affect people.
Do you think white people are better than black’s? To Kill A Mockingbird is written by Harper Lee. this book took place during the Great Depression and the book talks about racial discrimination. This racial discrimination can be seen in: People in the community make fun of Atticus, They kept them physically separated, and whites over blacks word.