SHAKESPEARES PLAY-FREUD
WHY DID FREUD USE OEDIPIS AS BASIS???!!
HAMLET
Freudian theories are most prominent in Hamlet out of all Shakespeare’s plays. The most common repressed desire is that of Oedipus. In the myth Oedipus killed his father, and went on to marry his mother, without knowing who each of them were. In this myth the feelings are brought to light however in Hamlet they stay repressed. We only learn of it through the effects it causes. Hamlet is all about incest. After his father’s death his mother plans to marry his uncle. This is Hamlets first association of sexuality with his mother. Hamlet sees this as ‘foul incest’ little does he know that he is repressing his own psychosexual feelings. With someone about to take his father’s place, it stirs a long repressed desire of Hamlets to take his father’s place.
Gertrude is also a very sexual being, and it is her sexuality that turns Hamlet so violently against her. Claudius is Hamlets uncle, marrying his mother. Hamlet is disgusted by this seemingly incest arrangement and the ghost of Hamlets father seemingly appears calling Claudius, ‘that incestuous, that adulterate beast’. Many critics read the line "adulterate beast" as proof that Gerturde had been the lover of Claudius even before Hamlet 's father had died. However, is Gertrude had been having an affair she would most likely be seen as part of the murder plot. Claudius does not confide in her however leading us to believe she was not in fact an acomplice. This
Hamlet has many problems dealing with the fact that his mother married his uncle less than two months after the death of his father. Hamlet sees his mother's remarriage as disgusting and sees murdering Claudius as a way of freeing his mother of an incestuous marriage as well as avenging his father. Hamlet and his mother's relationship is also shown as more sexual than the traditional mother son relationship because of Hamlet's long and private conversation with his mother, as well as his rivalry toward Claudius for his mother's attentions. Hamlet makes numerous sexually allusions. The "closet scene" in Act 3 Scene 4, proves to be essential in understanding Hamlet's and Gertrude's relationship because the
Hamlet's rant to persuade her that Claudius is a bad man and the murderer of his father depicts his disrespect to his mother. For instance, he tells her, "You go not till I set you up a glass / Where you may see the inmost part of you." (III.iv.20-21) He is threatening his own mother! Later, he addresses her as "thou wretched, rash, intruding fool" (III.iv.32) Even though Gertrude's lust for Claudius aggravates him, Hamlet fails to show even the most fundamental respect to his superior. The relationship is full of disloyalty and distrust from Gertrude's part. First, she appeases, "Be thou assured... I have no life to breathe what thou hast said to me." (III.iv.201-203) It is assumed that she will listen to Hamlet and stay away from Claudius. However, in the next act, she displays her true loyalty to her husband, telling him that Hamlet is "in this brainish apprehension kills / The unseen good old man." (IV.I.12-13) This is partially contributed by her observations of her son talking to a ghost that she doesn't see. Polonius' death causes her to think Hamlet is dangerous, further driving the two apart. Her distrust to her son harms him by further solidifying Claudius' plan to execute him in England because the king sees him as a threat to the throne who is capable of killing. In the end, Hamlet and Gertrude's relationship take a bittersweet ending.
In addition, Gertrude goes through a moment where she is figuratively blind when making a judgment. When Hamlet told her about how King Hamlet was killed she didn’t believe it. He says she has been blind this whole time to it and even though Claudius appears innocent he is not. Gertrude married soon after King Hamlet’s death because her love and loneliness blinded her. This led to her to make incestuous actions. Hamlet is annoyed with his mother and how naive she is to his father’s death:
Her uncontrollable sexuality is the derivation of Hamlet's suffering. Gertrude "becomes the carrier of the nightmare" (259); she initiates Hamlet's quest to "free the masculine identity of both father and son from its origin in the contaminated maternal body" (261). In attempting to exculpate the masculine, Hamlet ultimately confuses and merges the two figures of paternity, Hamlet the Father and Claudius. Adelman suggests that as Hamlet tries to differentiate between the two loves of his mother, he confutes and "collapses" the two men into a single impression of masculine appetite (264). Hamlet, according to Adelman, cannot distinguish his father from his uncle because he identifies both men with "an appetite for Gertrude's appetite" (264). Sexual relationships define the drama's causality and Hamlet's perception. Adelman points out that because of Hamlet's lack of a distinct, "idealized" father he "relocat[es]" his identity-predicament in "the female body," in his mother (266-67). Adelman makes another reaching and defining statement when she claims that "this subjection of male to female is, I think, the buried fantasy of Hamlet, the submerged story that it partly conceals and partly reveals" (268).
Hamlet and Oedipus have two vastly different reactions to the familial situations they find themselves in. While the story of Oedipus is often used to describe a situation in which a person feels romantic ties towards one of his or her parents and a loathing towards the other, the reaction of Oedipus when he realizes the situation he has found himself in is relatively suitable. Unlike many of the situations that the story is used to describe, Oedipus lives mostly unknowing to his incest and does not live normally once he realizes the situation. He instead chooses to act in the manner
Hamlet also manages to both degrade himself and his uncle in another comparison, saying his uncle was “no more like my father / Than I to Hercules” (1.2.152-3). Though such strong comparisons to romanticized and mythical figures could are partially simple hyperbole, they also underscore some of the insecurity in Hamlet’s character. The value in recognizing this comes as Hamlet descends into his madness, whether real or imaginary, where the reader can see that, even before Hamlet deliberately decides to appear to be “mad” he has certain issues and insecurities with his own feelings. Even more significantly, this passage begins to elaborate on Hamlet’s relationship with his mother. Gertrude represents an interesting dilemma for the deconstructionist critic, as she does not create or involve herself in many conflicts or oppositions. She manages to significantly affect the plot and the subtext of the play while seeming almost insignificant as a character at first glance through the deconstructionist lens. She does not overtly affect events, and often plays the victim of circumstance. This very insignificance creates an issue for Hamlet, who is clearly quite disgusted with her behavior. He vehemently disapproves of the speed of her marriage to Claudius, saying that “a beast, that wants discourse of reason, / Would have mourned longer” (1.2.150-1), but can find no other strong criticism of her other than how fast she remarried. This strikes at the
Throughout William Shakespeare's Hamlet, Shakespeare portrays Hamlet with the same types of behaviors and frustrations in humans that Sigmund Freud saw at a much later date. When the relationship between Hamlet and his mother is analyzed Freud's oedipal complex theory comes to mind. The oedipal complex is a theory created by Freud that states that "The child takes both of its parents, and more particularly one of them, as the object of its erotic wishes."(51) Because of this desire to be with the parent of the opposite sex, a rivalry is formed with the parent of the same sex. In the play, Hamlet shows great hostility toward his uncle Claudius because his mother's remarriage to him. Hamlet sees his mother's remarriage as disgusting
Gertrude was Hamlet’s mother. She was a selfish and evil woman. She cheated on Hamlet’s father with Claudius, Hamlet’s uncle. She married Claudius a month after her husband’s death.
Hamlet also metaphorically compares Claudius and Gertrude to pigs in a sty by saying “honeying and making love/Over the nasty sty!” Hamlet feels betrayed and disgusted with his mother and believes that she is subhuman. By comparing this crude animalistic image to Gertrude’s relationship with Claudius, Hamlet reinforces his argument that their relationship is morally wrong and corrupt. In her relationship with Claudius, Gertrude is driven by her sexual needs, which is the physical representation of her inner corruption. His mother’s betrayal leads him to believe that all women are disloyal and dishonest to their husbands. This portrayal of women to Hamlet completely changes his opinions on women. Notably on Ophelia, Hamlet’s girlfriend, due to the fact that in the beginning of the play when Hamlet and Ophelia are having a conversation, Hamlet acts cordially towards Ophelia, but later turns on her and suddenly denies ever loving her. He attacks her with unfounded accusations, claiming, “If thou wilt needs marry,/marry a fool, for wise men know well enough what/monsters you make of them” (III.i.149-151). In this quote, Hamlet’s distrust of women, born from his anger at his
Hamlet’s sexual deviancy is a defining characteristic of Hamlet, and is an often talked about topic when discussing the play. Hamlet is engrossed in people’s sex lives, whether it is his mother, Gertrude, or his ex-girlfriend, Ophelia. Hamlet’s general distrust and disgust with women makes him a misogynist. Hamlet seems mad that his mother, Gertrude, moved on so quickly to Claudius seeing as it had only been two months since her first husband, Hamlet Sr. died. This seems like a logical response, however Hamlet keeps bringing it up. So much so, that his father’s ghost even says "Taint not thy mind, nor let thy soul contrive / Against thy mother aught: leave her to heaven." (1.5.9) Hamlet shows sign of jealousy toward Claudius as if he is the one who wants to be with his mother, because of this Hamlet
Throughout William Shakespeare's Hamlet, Shakespeare portrays Hamlet with the same types of behaviors and frustrations in humans that Sigmund Freud saw at a much later date. When the relationship between Hamlet and his mother is analyzed Freud's oedipal complex theory comes to mind.
In William Shakespeare’s Hamlet, it appears that something is amiss in the State of Denmark as the protagonist, Hamlet, is approached by the ghost of the deceased King Hamlet. During this encounter, Hamlet discovers vital information about the king’s brother, Claudius, who married the king’s widow, Queen Gertrude. With this information kept in mind, the Ghost advises Hamlet to kill King Claudius, while protecting his mother, in order for the old King Hamlet to escape purgatory. Nonetheless, throughout the play Hamlet’s vendetta is continuously prolonged due to the Oedipus Complex created by Sigmund Freud which states, “in the young male, the Oedipus conflict stems from his natural love for his mother, which progressively may become sexual.
Hamlet is the typical kind of son almost every father and mother would want: intelligent, loving, caring, strong and loyal. Yet, some scholars believe that he is just another emotional character, defying our eyes to think that his acts are innocent, when his real purpose is to take his mother for himself. This gives scholars, like Ernest Jones, the impression that Hamlet’s actions were encouraged by an Oedipus complex, characterized by feelings of intense rivalry with a father figure in regards to a mother’s spousal affection. Even though there are lines that can be interpreted to show that Hamlet may have had such a desire for his mother, when these lines are examined in the full context of the
Hamlet’s emotions are comparable to a stereotypical modern day teenager. He can be very lively and content at times, but also gloomy and ominous. After hearing that his mother is marrying his uncle only weeks after his father unexpectedly dies, Hamlet becomes overwhelmed and considers suicide: “O, that this too, too sullied flesh would melt,” (Shakespeare 1.2.133). He is restless with the idea that his uncle is now sleeping with his mother. He loves his mother and does not have intentions of hurting her saying, “I will speak daggers to her, but use none.” (3.2.429), yet he assaults her when given a chance in her chamber. Similarly, Hamlet loves Ophelia so that “Forty thousand brothers Could not with all their quantity of love make up my sum.” (5.1.285-287), but he physically and verbally abuses her on many accounts. Hamlet cannot come to a compromise with his emotions towards Gertrude and Ophelia, thus expressing feelings that are bipolar. In the end, Hamlet spends time coping with his feelings of love and enmity, when he should be worrying about Claudius.
First we can analyze hamlet being devastated by his fathers death. It is only fair to understand the pain he must have felt, and on top of that he is supposed to be the heir to the throne of Denmark. Instead, his uncle takes it from him by marrying his mother, Gertrude, so quick. By looking through the psychoanalytic lens, we first look at his id or unconscious, which are our most desired dreams or hopes that are deep within our mind, also known as the “pleasure principle: is the