Kapitel 1
Einführung
International Trade
Ningbo University
BA International
Trade & Economy
Winter Semester 2013 / 2014
Dr. Thomas Schuster
Guest Professor
Useful Information
Office hour: After the lecture or at any other time upon appointment E-Mail: drth.schuster@web.de
Assistent
• Fu Suying
• fusuying@nbu.edu.cn
• Phone: 13566627298
Classes:
• Tuesday 8.00-9.35 a.m. every week
• Thursday 8.00-9.35 a.m. every even week
Dr. Thomas Schuster
Ningbo University
International Trade
WS 2013 / 2014
1-2
Useful Information
The course material will be published at schuster.gnomio.com • Go to the internet site schuster.gnomio.com
• Click on the course „NBU BA International Trade IS
•
•
•
•
…show more content…
Thomas Schuster
Ningbo University
International Trade
WS 2013 / 2014
1-13
Exports as a Percentage of Chinese National
Income
Exports / GDP in %
45
40
35
30
25
20
2004
2006
2008
2010
Source: OECD 2013
Dr. Thomas Schuster
Ningbo University
International Trade
WS 2013 / 2014
1-14
Imports as a Percentage of Chinese National
Income
Imports / GDP in %
35
30
25
20
2004
2006
2008
2010
Source: OECD 2013
Dr. Thomas Schuster
Ningbo University
International Trade
WS 2013 / 2014
1-15
Chines Exports to Selected Regions as Percentage of GDP
Source: OECD 2013
Dr. Thomas Schuster
Ningbo University
International Trade
WS 2013 / 2014
1-16
Chines Imports from Selected Regions as
Percentage of GDP
Source: OECD 2013
Dr. Thomas Schuster
Ningbo University
International Trade
WS 2013 / 2014
1-17
Growth in Chinese Exports less Growth in World
Markets 2000-2012
Source: OECD 2013
Dr. Thomas Schuster
Ningbo University
International Trade
WS 2013 / 2014
1-18
Current Account Balance of Payments as
Percentage of GDP
Balance of Payments /
GDP in %
4
3
3
2
2
1
1
0
2004
2006
2008
Source: OECD 2013
Dr. Thomas Schuster
Ningbo University
International Trade
WS 2013 / 2014
1-19
The Gravity Model
Three of the top ten trading partners with the U.S. in 2008 were also the 3 largest European economies:
When westerners are doing business in the any region of the world, it is important to
The United States and China share the most imbalanced bilateral trade relationship in the world. The United States imports more goods from China than it exports to a tune of $202 billion dollars each year. All told, China alone accounts for nearly 26% of the
In this paper we will be looking at the trade balance between the U.S. and China. The trade balance between China and the United States will be determined for the most recent past five years. The trend will also be illustrated using a graph and will offer the insights into the trade balance between these two countries. The impact of foreign trade will be analyzed, to include the two countries economic growth during the selected period, 2009 to 2013. The issues, concerns and ramifications on China’s economy will be discussed, along with the issues, concerns and ramifications on the United States economy. The nature and possible future effects on the Unites States economy, in direct result of the trade with China will be discussed in detail. This will also include the United States ability to sustain any growth and development.
In this I am going to assess the methods to increase trade between countries and the methods to restrict trade between countries. When asses the methods of encouraging and restricting trade I will talk about the purpose for the methods of promoting and restricting international trade, identify how and why they might be used and I will decide how useful each method is giving appropriate reasons for it. International trade is the exchange of goods and services between countries.
There has been a dual view of trade since the time of the ancient Greeks. The two sides of these philosophers views are the recognition of the benefits of international exchange, but that there is concern that certain domestic industries would be harmed by foreign
The WTO accession expected to benefit the status of U.S. exports to China as it would be accelerated due to decreased tariffs and increased market access. President Clinton also anticipated that “this agreement will create jobs for the U.S., it will create jobs for labor union members” (Casey, 2012). A detailed study of trade statistics from 2000 to 2011 establishes the following trade patterns in U.S.-China since China’s WTO accession:
DU Yuping 1,2, Mai Jinger2 School of Economics and Management, Wuhan University 2 School of International Trade and Economics Guangdong University of Foreign Studies, Guangzhou, P. R. China, 510420
The author demonstrates a well written engaging argument explaining the key points in the disparity of bilateral trade between China and the US. Meanwhile, discussion on key aspects of reasoning is lacking with emphasises on developing several points rather than expanding on thought provoking discussion. Noteworthy improvements can be ensued to make the article deep in analysis and so warrant publication.
Despite comprising of a great variety of industries and business models, China’s foreign trade is invariably influenced by the changes in macro environment both domestic and overseas. It would therefore be essential to conduct a PESTEL analysis to appraise the foreign trade sector as a whole, and to ascertain the opportunities and challenges for the sector in the future.
Over the course of the last decade, the world has witnessed the unprecedented changes in the patterns of international trade. First of all, the share of the United States and the European Union combined in the world trade has decreased
Since the initiation of the economic reform and opening up policy in 1978, China has experienced a rapid economic growth over the last few decades. An average growth rate of 10% per year in gross domestic product (GDP) has transformed China into the second largest economy with GDP of $9.240 trillion dollar in 2013. Over 500 million people were lifted out of poverty as a result of its economic success. As one of the world’s fastest growing economy, China has expanded their economic presence globally, with trading partners all over the world. Benefiting from its demographic dividend and globalization, China has become the manufacturing powerhouse and a major contributor to the world’s economy. About 232 countries import goods from China with U.S, Japan, and Korea being the major importers of Chinese products.1
For the past twenty-five years, China has witnessed an overall increase in its domestic growth (Fischler 148). According to the article, “The Rise of China as a Global Power,” by Dr. Rosita Dellios, China “is the world's fourth largest trading nation, rising from 32nd in 1978 to 10th in 1997.” Similarly, China’s GDP is also second to the United States of America, generating 13 percent of the world’s output (Dellios). Since China’s introduction into the World Trade Organization in December 2001, its average tariff dropped from 41 percent in 1992 to 6 percent in 2001, becoming one of the most open economies in the world (Dellios). China is also the world’s fastest developing economy, obtaining an annual growth of 9.5 percent through foreign
In addition, sectoral unemployment in China results from a sharp decrease in certain industries, especially for labour intensive factories. As labour costs in China have risen remarkably, from around 16,000 yuan in 2004 to 56,339 yuan in 2014 (China Labour Bulletin, 2014), investors prefer passing those low-cost activities to low-income countries in South-East Asia, such as Indonesia, Vietnam and Cambodia. US shoe imports market illustrated this phenomenon. The proportion of China for this market declined from 87% in 2009 to 79% in 2014(The Economist, 2015). Moreover, in three Northeastern Provinces of China, heavy industries used to cluster among these
My interest in International Economics, led me to apply to the Seward Fellows program – an honors program at Union College – and as part of that program I designed an independent theme minor to analyze China’s trade. Since I applied to graduate one year early when I was a sophomore, I chose to compress my two-term Seward project in six weeks in the summer of second year. My Seward project was to investigate the behaviors of the yuan-USD exchange rate in the past ten years. After evaluating the growth rate of the ratio of China’s foreign reserves over imports from 2005 to 2014, I noticed that the year of 2009 was a turning point; before
changes in the economy. The previous example of China as an exporter is true, however it must