Marburg virus

The idea of extending human’s life has been a controversy for many years, since the scientific revolution of 1543. Since then, our medical field has brought new technology, that offers us to make this idea possible. However, this technology has brought up stakeholders that are among the medical community and patients, since they are using our genes and changing them to creating a longer life. Scientist call this process gene editing which is "the ability to precisely and accurately change any part

Kosoy et al. [11] described the presence of Bartonella in 13 insectivorous and frugivorous bat species sampled across 25 localities in Kenya. A total of 331 blood samples were re-suspended in brain-heart infusion (BHI) broth and plated on agar supplemented with 10% rabbit blood, of which 106 (30.2%) were culture positive. Bartonella isolates were obtained from 23 (26%) straw-colored fruit bat (Eidolon helvum), 22 (21%) Egyptian fruit bats (Rousettus aegyptiacus), four (44%) African sheath-tailed

reassortment within this genus has resulted in the arisal of virulent reassortants, including a novel virus that emerged as a cause of hemorrhagic fever in the late 1990’s. While several orthobunyaviruses are endemic in North America and are intermittently associated with human and animal disease, the potential for reassortment among endemic Bunyamwera orthobunyaviruses such as Cache Valley virus (CVV) and Tensaw virus (TENV) is currently not well understood. CVV is notable

Introduction The concept of altering human genomic DNA has been around for decades, with pioneering studies in the late eighties illustrating the insertion of homologous DNA sequences at defined locations within mammalian chromosomes (Smithies et al., 1985). Only now, are these rudimentary techniques being replaced with rapid, inexpensive, and more efficient tools for genome editing (Zhang et al., 2014). Tools like CRISPR/ Cas9, which, were once a bacterial defense mechanism but have since been

autoimmune diseases. Exposure to infectious agents (viral or bacterial) in CD, has also been suggested as a factor causing tissue damage and inflammation, which could affect the host’s immune tolerance to gluten (Bethune and Khosla, 2008). Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) may be considered as a suitable candidate. It was hypothesized that some viruses including HCV may have amino-acid sequences homologous to some gliadin epitopes;

retinal pigment epithelium. About 10% of people with Leber congenital amaurosis (LCA), an inherited disorder that causes vision loss starting in childhood, have an altered form of the gene RPE65. The researchers hoped to halt this process by using a virus to shuttle a functional RPE65 gene into the retina. This strategy, in which genes are used to treat or prevent a disease is known as gene therapy. Clinical trials of experimental gene therapy for LCA and other diseases that affect the retina has been

Tree bark skin is a very rare disorder. This disorder is associated with a high risk of carcinoma of the skin. This disorder usually starts on the hands and feet. The condition usually affects people in the ages 1-20, but can also affect you during your middle age. The cause of this condition is inactivating PH mutation in usually ever1-2 genes, these are adjacent to one another.Image result for tree bark skinImage result for tree bark skin The way they determine if you have this condition

The objective of gene replacement therapy is to alter the defective gene to achieve a permanent cure for the diagnosed patient by identifying the faulty gene and providing a corrected copy of the gene without affecting the genomic sequence. Clinical trials initiated gene replacement experimentation, primarily leading to significant progress but not yet accomplished.“The most recent clinical trial for the treatment of hemophilia with gene transfer showed transient achievement of efficacy in the highest

infectious disease that is transmitted mostly by infected birds. This influenza has three types: A,B,C. The most fatal one is the type A. The virus first appearance was in migratory shore bird in Africa in 1960. Avian Flu was first discovered in humans in Hong Kong in 1997. By that time the virus was not known as a Bird Flu, so there were feared that the virus would sweep the community and kill many because another subtype of influenza swept around the world in 1918 (Davidson, 2011) First, the Avian

CRISPR/Cas9 In 2012, at the University of California, Berkeley, CRISPR/Cas9 was invented. Since its creation it has become exceedingly popular and scientists are discovering more and more ways to use this gene editing technique. Even though CRISPR/Cas9 was just discovered around 4 years ago, the CRISPR/Cas system itself was first observed in bacteria (E.coli). It was what CRISPR was doing in the bacteria that makes it so unique. CRISPR stands for, “clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic