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##uma In Persepolis, And Srividya Natarjan's Perthra

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The pain experienced by the characters of Art Spiegelman’s Maus, Marjane Satrapi’s Persepolis, and S. Anand and Srividya Natarjan’s Bhimayana illustrate the severe nature of trauma and the longstanding effects it can have on a person. Each of these graphic novels utilize a metanarrative of the speaker telling a story of a traumatic event, and each of these traumatic events depict a society that is psychologically and physically oppressive. Spiegelman illustrates the process of interviewing his father about his experience during the Nazis occupation of Poland and the Holocaust. Satrapi retells her family’s stories during the Iranian Revolution to reveal her personal experience with an oppressive Islamic regime. The biographical nature of Bhimayana is framed around a conversation between a Dalit and a Brahmin regarding the continual discrimination that Bhimrao Ambedkar faced that plagues India to this day. However, these three stories offer more than just symbolic parallels between the pain experienced in the past and the pain of the present. The creative team behind Bhimayana, Satrapi, and Spiegelman all introduce their perspective into these stories of historical significance through their narration and art styles to reveal that the trauma of the past is multigenerational and has varying impacts on those affected. Spiegelman introduces the idea of multigenerational trauma in the most direct way. Also acting as a memoir, Maus frames the story of Art talking to his father

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