Isabel Flores
AP English Literature
July 31, 2017
A Brave New World
Exile can be voluntary or involuntary. A person could be exiled due to criminal reasons, or, like in the novel A Brave New World, one could be exiled because he or she is different from the social norm. However, a person could voluntarily exile themselves as a way to contemplate his or her life or to just get away from the harsh realities of the world. This form of exile is similar to the actions of John, the “uncivilized” man, on page 243 in A Brave New World .
John is the son of a “civilized” woman named Linda and the previous Director of Hatcheries and Conditioning. Even though he was born of “civilized” members of society, John grew up on the “uncivilized” reservation where families existed and people were not made in laboratories. While growing up on the Reservation, John did not fit in well because of what the village thought of his mother. On page 121, John’s mother, Linda,says, “take the way they have one another here. Mad, I tell you, absolutely mad. Everybody belongs to everyone else---don’t they? Don’t they?” This quote emulates one of the main ideals that “civilized” people have. They do not believe in monogamy, and they believe that polygamy is the key to a stable civilization that is free from too much emotion. Because Linda followed the way of the “civilized” life that she grew up in, she was considered to live a promiscuous lifestyle by the other villagers. Therefore, John and Linda were outcasted or exiled from the village.
On page 119 of A Brave New World, two of the novel’s main characters, Bernard and Lenina, visited the Reservation. After meeting Linda and John and hearing their story of how they came to reside on the Reservation, Bernard and Lenina brought Linda and John back to the “civilized” world. Once the news was released on the arrival of Linda and John, everyone was interested in seeing them. However, on page 153, the novel says, “this was by far the strongest reason for people’s not wanting to see poor Linda---there was her appearance. From then on, people only wanted to see John. In fact, so many people wanted to see and interview John that he did not want to deal with the constant attention and reporters
In Brave New World, Aldous Huxley uses tone to develop characters in the novel while simultaneously showing that every character is cast out at some point in their lives. This utopian future setting is developed throughout the whole first half of the novel.The entire culture is different, children are genetically bred and conditioned in so called Hatcheries. “ “Stability,” said the controller, “Stability. No civilization without social stability. No social stability without individual stability” (page 42) Each person supports a specific role in society, and if they break that role they are exiled. Readers get the chance to meet a few characters who question why they were even decanted or in John's case, Born.
In the strange other words they said that Linda was bad; they called her names he did not understand, but that he knew were bad names. One day they sang a song about her, again and again. He threw stones at them. They threw back; a sharp stone cut his cheek. The blood wouldn’t stop; he was covered with blood” ( Huxley 129). John and Linda are different enough from the rest of the Reservation that they are shunned, ridiculed, and even physically harmed for their—mainly Linda’s—foreign cultural practices. Although he was more or less a Reservation native, John could not find happiness and a sense of belonging there because of his mother, because of the fact that he was from the “Other Place,” because of the fact that he even existed.
Both Lenina and Linda engage in promiscuous activity. Lenina has been conditioned to think that it is natural to be in a polygamous relationship, and having one partner is considered to be abnormal. In fact, it is Fanny who says “it’s such horribly bad form to go on and on like this with one man” (Huxley 36) and encourages Lenina to act more promiscuous. On the Savage Reserves, Linda has indiscriminate sexual affairs with the husbands of other women living in the Reserves. Linda allows Popé, her lover at the Savage Reserves, to use her to satisfy his sexual desires. For these two women, engaging in frivolous acts is considered normal because of the conditioning they were subjected to in their environments. Both women allow men to
Exile is when a person is isolated from his/her native country or home. Sometimes it's considered to be a way of alienating someone but sometimes it could be considered to be enriching. In the book Brave New World by Aldous Huxley John the Savage experiences exile as both alienating and enriching. He was born on the Savage Reservation and his mother Linda was rejected and criticized because of her sexual freedom. Due to his mother’s isolation John did not feel as though he was accepted by other savages in the reservation. As an adolescent he was refused to participate in the Native American ritual, a ritual that would allow him to enter the adult Indian society. He asks, “why wouldn’t they let me be the sacrifice?”(pg.116). He asks this question not understanding why his own people were denying him. After his rejection he goes into the wilderness and tortures himself in order to enter adulthood. This is one of many ways his society kept him from being a normal kid.
By using a contrast of different social ideologies the author creates an image of what it means to be a women in both societies, such as the different views on having intercourse with different members of your community. An example of the author using a comparison and contrasting tool would be when Linda entered the savage reservation with a set idea of what it means to have intercourse versus the new rules she had to learn about how she can’t have sex with anyone she wants (Chapter 8 Pg119 ( how having intercourse is viewed in the savage reservation ) (quote: “ they say those men are their men,…”) ) vs ( Chapter 3 pg48 ( how having intercourse is viewed in the civilized society) ( quote: “ones got to play the game. After all everyone belongs to everyone else.”) ). However the mixture of these two different ideas and social behaviors results in the breakdown of one of the main characters allowing the reader to see the effect the morals of one society has towards the other. In addition to the contrast being created between the two different societies the author also shows the tough transition being made by Linda as she slowly embraces, small but significant, aspects of a new society communicating to the reader that the transition is hard but necessary to sustain another
Having been a somewhat of an outsider in his life, physically and mentally, Aldous Huxley used what others thought as his oddities to create complex works. His large stature and creative individuality is expressed in the characters of his novel, Brave New World. In crafting such characters as Lenina, John, Linda, Bernard, and Helmholtz, not to mention the entire world he created in the text itself, Huxley incorporated some of his humanities into those of his characters. Contrastly, he removed the same humanities from the society as a whole to seem perfect. This, the essence and value of being human, is the great meaning of Brave New World. The presence and lack of human nature in the novel exemplifies the words of literary theorist Edward Said: “Exile is strangely compelling to think about but terrible to experience. It is the unhealable rift forced between a human being and a native place, between the self and its true home: its essential sadness can never be surmounted.” Huxley’s characters reflect the “rift” in their jarred reaction to new environments and lifestyles, as well as the remnant of individuality various characters maintain in a brave new world.
In the novel, Brave New World, the character Linda was a normal citizen in a futuristic society called “World State”. She believes that “everybody belongs to everyone else” ( 121) and “love’s as good as Soma” (166), until Linda goes on holiday with The Director and gets pregnant. The Director leaves Linda at a Native American Reservation to have their child and never be spoken of or to again. Linda was suddenly exiled and forced to live in a world that she was unfamiliar with and unaware of the social norms. In this experience of being banished and taken away from her home, Linda lets her maternal instincts kick in when raising her son John.
"Brothers in Exile" tells the incredible story of Livan and Orlando "El Duque" Hernandez, who risked their lives to escape Cuba. Livan left first--banking on his status as the hottest young prospect in Cuba he defected via Mexico and signed with the Florida Marlins, for whom he became one of the youngest World Series MVPs in history in 1997. Staying behind was Orlando, who was banned from professional baseball in Cuba for life because he was suspected of having helped Livan escape. Then, on Christmas 1997, an increasingly frustrated and harassed Orlando left Cuba in a small boat. He was stranded on a deserted island for days before being picked up by the U.S. Coast Guard. Less than a year later, "El Duque" was helping pitch the New York Yankees
According to Oxford English Dictionary, patriarchy is defined as the “predominance of men in positions of power and influence in society, with cultural values and norms favoring men.” This social structure in particular was prevalent during Charlotte Perkins Gilman’s time and played a large role in her involvement with feminism and women’s rights. Along with the patriarchal influences, Gilman provides an autobiographical basis upon which she built the framework for “The Yellow Wallpaper” as she was forced to undergo the dreaded “Rest Cure” depicted in the short story. Through the eyes of the narrator, Gilman provides illumination regarding the role of women imposed by the patriarchal society of the 19th Century and the implications of such
Edward Said has written that "Exile is strangely compelling to think about but terrible to experience. It is the unhealable rift forced between a human being and a native place, between the self and its new home: it's essential sadness can never be surmounted." On the other hand, Said has mentioned that exile can become "a potent, even enriching" experience. In Aldous Huxley's Brave New World, exile is shown as an unfortunate consequence when one of them becomes an individual among their society. In the new "utopian" future, humans are no longer created naturally rather they are genetically bred and rendered physically insensible by an anesthetic. They are trained to be "perfect consumers." Reading Brave New World, it stuck out to me how much John the Savage's exile had such a rewarding yet alienating experience for him.
The New World uses the Bokanovsky’s Process, a new efficient way of producing thousands of humans from one single ovary, “we can make one ovary yield us over fifteen thousand adult individuals.” (Huxley, 8). This process shows John’s society continues the traditions that are thousands of years old while the New World shows steps towards creating a perfect society. In John’s own society, he quickly learns he is alienated from the rest, as he was born from a nonnative mother. This is not an issue in the New World, as everyone is taught, “Everybody belongs to every one else” (Huxley, 121). However good this may sound, traditional values, such as marriage, are forgotten. It is normal to have many lovers at once in this society. Having a single job that one learns from birth is how the New World operates. No other skills are taught, which severely prohibits how much abstract thinking one can accomplish. In contrast, the Savages all learn important life skills, such as being taught how to, “work the clay” (Huxley, 134) and how to, “make the bow.”, (Huxley, 135). Huxley chooses a simple word style for all Savages to speak, to show the difference in an advanced civilization and one stuck in the past. As a result of being born in the New World, Linda is at a disadvantage as she cannot do something basic such as mend clothing which in turn, causes John to be made fun of and feel even more alienated from the
Aldous Huxley’s “Brave New world” tells about a utopian society where people are stripped from being individuals or in turn exiled from themselves. People are conditioned to perform certain tasks and everyone is a part of each other in some way. Although, there are a few characters that become cut off from “home” and are distinct from other characters within their castes. An example is Bernard and Hemholtz that are a part of the Alphas.To be exiled is when a character or person becomes seperated from home, or their birth place, it can also mean that they are mentally cut off from the peple within their birth place or home. Although, Bernard experiences an exile without leaving home. Due to his differences it lead to him to be alienated from those who
Linda was abandoned, enriched by giving birth to a child, and has to constantly fight her conditioning only to lose the battle. Linda’s exile was alienating, she was abandoned on a savage reservation by her lover, she was left alone to face a reality that she wasn’t familiar with. Coming from “civilization”, her lifestyle and ideas were different from the people she was now forced to live among. For instance, in London’s society being promiscuity is not frowned upon, if anything it is highly encouraged, the people are conditioned to think that everyone belongs to everyone else. On the reservation this idea is challenged when Linda is whipped and beat by other women who said “those men are their men”.
Sexual tension is a key factor in these past chapters. The fierce sexual ways of the world state are clashing with the reservations old sexual tendencies, creating a line of division between the two worlds. But it seems that the reservations traditional ways of creating a relationship, waiting to have sex, and having children is slowly gaining back its power against the world state. This is shown through the actions of those from the reservation, mostly John and Linda. In chapter 9 John sneaks into Lenina's house and comes upon her sleeping. Entrances by her beauty he gazes at her, reciting lines from romeo and juliet, but doesn't touch her out of fear of defiling her with his “unworthiest hand” (Huxley 144). His fear of defilement is
Chapter 6 is divided into three parts in which each part described different things that Lenina and Bernard did in on their dates. The first part begins with the flashback of Lenina and Bernard’s first date, in which Bernard took her to some place that Lenina considered horrible in a helicopter. Lenina found the odd behavior and mood of Bernard since he doesn’t want to go anywhere especially crowded places and convinced him to go to a wrestling match. The second part of the story is when Bernard went to the director’s office and ask for permission for the New Mexico Reservation, he found out that he actually matter to the society in which the director threatened to exile him to iceland due to his odd behavior. Finally and third part of the story, Bernard went to New Mexico for his reservation with Lenina, where he learned that the director actually took action and he’s getting exiled to Iceland.