Water treatment in Nepal Introduction Kingdom of Nepal is a landlocked country in south Asia with a diverse landscape ranging from the low-lying Terai plains up to Mount Everest in the Himalayas. As of 1st January 2016, the population of Nepal was estimated to be almost 30 million. Many rural communities live in remote areas; far from water sources while in urban areas, the growing population caused in part by people moving because of the decade long internal conflict in the country, is putting increasing strain on limited water and sanitation supplies. Life expectancy is 68 years. Only 31% of Nepalese people have access to sanitation. Open defecation is common and a key cause of disease. Approximately a third of all deaths in Nepal are …show more content…
The surface water is polluted by industry and domestic waste along with discharge of untreated sewage from tightly packed residential neighborhoods. It is without a doubt that the domestic sewage system is deemed one of the top sources of water pollution that seeps into rivers and lakes, which are the primary sources of drinking water. (suwal, 2013) According to Winrock International, 2007, Nepal Country Environmental Analysis, in the capital city Kathmandu valley, 40% off the water available through wells, spouts and pipe were found to have high contamination of fecal coliform bacteria, i.e. 10 to 1000 per 100mL. Of the 67 gravity flow water supply schemes tested under the Fund Board program, 91% were contaminated with bacteria out of which 64% were highly contaminated. Clean, safe water is vital for everyday life. Water is essential for health, hygiene and the productivity of the community. Water treatment is a process of making water suitable for its application. Water is a renewable resource. All water treatment involves the removal of solids, bacteria, algae, plants, inorganic compounds, and organic compounds. Different sources of water 1. Surface water: surface water is water in a river, lake, streams or fresh water wetlands. 70% of the earth is covered by water, 97% of water is salt water in seas and oceans, and only 3% is fresh
Water, is a very valuable and necessary resource that, must be managed more carefully. Quantity-wise it is endless; all around the world there are many bodies of water. Ground sources, such as aquifers, as well as surface water, including oceans, seas, rivers, lakes, ponds, and streams. Because of its endlessness it becomes more difficult to manage it all. Clean water that is readily available, for developed and devolving nations alike, is a challenge. There are many factors that play into what can access water sources, and pollute it. Pollution of water is a worldwide problem that occurs too frequently. There are various contributors to water pollution including agriculture, industry, waste management, as well as naturally occurring
A problem that affects the daily life of more than a hundred million people is inadequate sanitation and a lack of proper sanitation facilities. For example, only 87% of Indians in urban areas have access to a sanitized latrine, while only 33% of Indians in rural areas have access to a toilet, (The Guardian). This statistic is alarming, as it increases the susceptibility to diseases such as
water covers more than 70 percent of the planet's surface, making our rivers, lakes, oceans,
In the video “Into Nepal – A Journey through the Kathmandu Valley,” there were many concepts that were easily recognizable due to the information that was given during the first semester of the AP Human Geography course.
The flat terai plain, central hills and the mountains of north. The country’s topographical and sociological diversification helps to promote infectious diseases and promotes natural disasters like flood, landslides and earthquakes. Millions of people are at risk, whereas thousands of people still die every year. Healthcare of Nepal is financed every year by different INGO (International Non-Profit Organization) like USAID, UNICEF, WHO, UNDP, UNFPA etc. The foreign donor for the healthcare industry is more than 62% of total expenditure. There are various problems with distribution of Health related aid to Nepal. Low absorptive capacity leads to poorly allocate disbursed and reimbursed funds, inconsistence in financial rules of the government and donor agencies, lack of decision making ability are some of the problems, making health care issues more and more difficult to deal with. There are some significant barriers to access the health services.
Water is a substance that is constituent of earth’s streams, lakes, and oceans. But water is also present in the atmosphere. As mentioned before there’s water located in the atmosphere. Nearly all of the water is located in the lowest layer of the atmosphere also known as the troposphere. We cannot feel or see this this water because “it is present in variable amounts in the atmosphere, from 0% to 4%” (“Water in the Atmosphere”). This is the main reason why we cannot see nor feel the water in the atmosphere. If we think about it there almost no water in the atmosphere because earth is huge and 4% of water spread all around the world is a little bit.
71 percent of the earth’s surface is made of water. 97 percent of earths water is saline water and not safe for human consumption. This leaves just 3 percent of earth’s water as fresh water, most of which is ice caps and glaciers. 68 percent of the fresh water on Earth is found in icecaps and glaciers. 30 percent of fresh water is found in ground water leaving around .3 percent of earth’s water as surface fresh water. Of the .3 percent of surface fresh water the Great Lakes make up 84% of North America 's surface fresh water and about 21% of the world 's supply of surface fresh water. ("Great Lakes Facts and Figures." EPA. Environmental Protection Agency, n.d. Web. 15 Nov. 2016.)
71 percent of the earth’s surface is made of water. 97 percent of earths water is saline water and not safe for human consumption. This leaves just 3 percent of earth’s water as fresh water most of which is icecaps and glaciers. 68 percent of the fresh water on Earth is found in icecaps and glaciers. 30 percent of fresh water is found in ground water leaving around .3 percent of earth’s water as surface fresh water. Of the .3 percent of surface fresh water the great lakes make up 84% of North America 's surface fresh water and about 21% of the world 's supply of surface fresh water. ("Great Lakes Facts and Figures." EPA. Environmental Protection Agency, n.d. Web. 15 Nov. 2016.)
Water covers about two thirds of the total surface of Earth, but most of that is saltwater. Humans must drink freshwater to live. 97% of the water on Earth is saltwater, while only 3% of Earth's water is freshwater. And 70% of the freshwater is ice in glaciers, ice caps and permanent snow. The small amount of freshwater remaining is distributed for use to the Earth's 6 ¾ billion people for agriculture, industry,
Incredible water shortage in the Middle East region has compelled countries to reuse this water for many purposes. Treated wastewater can be used in agriculture, industry, recharging aquifers (Middle East Water Shortage). This method leads to conservation of traditional sources of water which further can be used “for meeting the demand for higher-quality water such as that for drinking, or for high value-added industrial and agricultural uses.” Also the climate fickleness’ influence will lessen by means of reuse. But there are few problems connected with leading treatment into usage. One of them are health and environmental risks (Baroudy 2005, 25-35). Purified in such way water contains bacteria, viruses and parasites (Middle East Water Shortage). Use of treated water can cause different infectious and gastrointestinal diseases. According to Baroudy even contact with this water sometimes can cause allergies and other dermatological illnesses (2005, 25-35). Another problem is that this water has some biological and chemical matter dissolved in it, which can obstruct soil pores. Clogged soil has less ability for leaking which leads to bad irrigation efficiencies (Middle East Water Shortage). But, of course, some standards with the purpose to limit these effects were elaborated. Toughening standards require financial investments (Baroudy 2005, 25-35). Process of waste treatment requires special equipment and construction of special water treatment
The Nepalese Gurkhas have been serving under the British since 1815. They have partaken in every war that Britain has been involved in from the Pindarr War to WWII. The Gurkhas are considered by many to be one of the Worlds finest armed units. The Gurkha corps are definitely the most elite fighting force in the British Army and they have consistently proved their worth in every battle they have fought, whether it was a victory or defeat. The common Gurkha has a diamond-hard will, and indomitable fighting spirit that clearly distinguishes him from his peers. For the Gurkha is no common soldier. He is a warrior to the core, and a not a man to be taken lightly.
Nepal is mountainous country in the World. The average life expectancy is 67.95. Nepal has an approx. 28 million population. Also, approximately two thirds of the health problem in Nepal are infectious disease. This infectious disease occurs high rate of illness and death. In addition to this, there are many people are infected from HIV aids due to lack of education and open boarder between India Nepal. The health system has been developed day by day. There are health post in every village development committee area. Also, now a day’s government allow private sector to invest in health care system. Right now, there are so many private health college, hospital, clinic, nursing home etc. So, we can see that health system has been developed.
Water is the lifeblood of every living creature on earth. Approximately 70 percent of the earth's surface is covered with water. Thought the wonders of nature, water can take on many different forms, form the water we drink, to the ice we use to chill a glass of lemonade, to the water vapor used to steam clean equipment equipment. It is easy to understand the significance water plays in our lives, but it may be much more difficult ot understand the water that exists below the earth's surface, called groundwater.
Good health is a form of wealth for a person, an important indicator of human well-being. The newly formed constitution of Nepal (2015) has stressed the right to healthcare as a fundamental right of the citizens. Thus, access to health care is now protected as a constitutional right for all.
The total volume of water available on Earth is about 1.4 billion km and about 70% of the earth is covered in water. The largest quantities of water are in the oceans. Fresh water in the world is only 2.5% of the total