A growing number of studies (e.g. (Kowsari and Zerriffi, 2011; O. R. Masera et al., 2000)) investigate the impacts of various factors such as household income, and education status that would influence household cooking fuel choice and then inform the policies to promote fuel switching to the modern sources. Mainly, two broad conceptual models are popular in the area of household energy choice and fuel transition in developing countries: Energy Ladder and Energy Stacking Models (Elias and Victor, 2005; Hosier and Dowd, 1987; Leach, 1992; Leach and Mearns, 1988; O. Masera et al., 2000). These models categorize energy resources into modern, transitional and traditional fuels given that different cooking fuels are available in the region. Modern fuels such as LPG or electricity are interpreted as superior because the inherent qualities of these fuels are relatively superior in terms of fuel efficiency and sustainability when compared to the traditional fuels. Transitional fuels are consumed during the transitional period; a period where traditional fuels are in the process of being replaced by the modern fuels.
The factors influencing households’ fuel switching decisions in the energy ladder model are the household income, relative fuel prices, and fuel accessibility. However, the energy ladder model of perfect substitutability among the cooking fuels with respect to the income fails to be supported by most empirical evidence (Heltberg, 2005; Hosier and Dowd, 1987; Lee et al.,
The film Higher Learning is a call to action. It is a film that shows people as products of their environment. The film is set on a college campus, a place where most people learn about what they will do in their adult life to try to better the world or simply educate themselves in order to live a better life. However, life on the Columbus campus is not good; it is a battlefield between the races and sexes. I feel it is a bit exaggerated, but it allows people to see some of the issues that go on, on a college campus. The film focuses on three freshman (Malik, Kristen, & Remy) entering college. They enter a less than ideal new world that is filled with tension, anxiety and fear. Although the writer uses stereotypical characters, it
In a shorter essay, you may be able to make an opposition statement in one or two sentences and move forth. In a longer essay, you may need to make con statements at the beginning of 2 or 3 paragraphs, or devote an entire paragraph to concessions. However, your pros should outnumber the cons.
1. The nation is at war, and your number in the recently reinstated military draft has just come up. The problem is that, after serious reflection, you have concluded that the war is unjust. What advice might Socrates give you? Would you agree? What might you decide to do? Read the Introduction, Chapter 2 Crito and the Conclusion Chapter 40 Phaedo by Plato.
Matt Lamkin’s “A Ban On Brain-Boosting Drugs is Not the Answer” first appeared in Chronicle of Higher Education in 2011. In this essay Lamkin aims to convince his reader not to deter improper conduct with threats, but to encourage students to engage in the practice of education. Lamkin tells us “If colleges believe that enhancing cognition with drugs deprives students of the true value of education, they must encourage students to adapt that value as their own” (642). Appeal to logic, consistency, and compare/contrast are techniques Lamkin skillfully uses to create a strong effective essay.
In Shaped by the Word, by Robert Mulholland Jr., one finds a way to read scripture in order to provide a deeper understanding of God and allow His Word to shape one’s spiritual life. In the Introduction, in chapter 1, the reader is introduced to the idea that there is a movement in the church that seeks to become deeper and stricter in spiritual formation. He claims there are many books written for this purpose, and his intending purpose for this book is for God to use however he may want in the reader’s spiritual life. Mulholland provides the reader with a prayer to pray in preparation of reading this book and states there may be points where God is knocking and calling the reader’s attention to something new.
Dissolved oxygen is oxygen that is trapped in a fluid, such as water. Since many living organism requires oxygen to survive, it is a necessary component of water systems such as streams, lakes and rivers in order to support aquatic life. The dissolved oxygen is measured in units of parts per million (ppm). Examine the data in Table 4 showing the amount of dissolved oxygen present and the number of fish observed in the body of water the sample was taken from; finally, answer the questions below.
My interest for the Attorney Advisor position with the United States Patent & Trademark Office (USPTO) arises from my longstanding commitment to constantly improve myself. I have always enjoyed legal research, writing, and the complexities of intellectual property. I have no doubt that my enthusiasm to research, my eagerness to learn, and my strong ability to communicate clearly, work efficiently, accurately, and quickly, will make me an invaluable asset to the USPTO. I believe these traits combined with my unique skillset, developed as a result of experiences working for the Arizona Diamondbacks of Major League Baseball (Diamondbacks), Nike Inc. (Nike), and the Arizona Attorney General’s Office, Liability Management Department (AG Office)
Choose a novel or play in which a morally ambiguous characters plays a pivotal role. Then write an essay in which you explain how the character can be viewed as morally ambiguous and why his or her moral ambiguity is significant to the work as a whole. Avoid mere plot summary.
1. Which accounting method best reflects the economic reality? Put another way, which accounting numbers – the GAAP or non-GAAP numbers best reflects economic reality? [10 points]
The Graduate is a great example of a film where lens and camera choices were used effectively to convey the director’s point of view. It seemed like every choice made by the director Mike Nichols director and the director of cinematography Bob Surtees was justified. The outcome of each shot played an important role in shaping the message of the film. The cinematography of Bob Surtees is very complicated and thoughtful but at the same time seems poetic and spontaneous.
In the article “The Poor Need Cheap Fossil Fuels”(2013), Lomborg’s main claim is that although it is important to deal with global warming caused by the burning of fossil fuels, the current priority should be providing cheap fossil fuels to the poor who indeed need them. To support his claim, Lomborg first states that fossil fuels are essential, especially to the poor, and will still be for decades. He emphasizes that only reliable, cheap fossil fuels can improve lives of those living in energy poverty by making electricity accessible and reducing indoor air pollution caused by the burning of dirtier fuels, which is more detrimental than outdoor air pollution. By further suggesting that greener energy may not be globally distributed very soon,
So, during his first term in power, the Indonesian VP Jusuf Kalla initiated an energy conversion program for Indonesian households from using kerosene to LPG in 2006-2009 (Budya & Arofat, 2011). However, many individuals, social and political groups strongly opposed the policy. They argued that the government was wasting their budget on the untested policy. But, the government believed that the conversion was the most
The doctor-patient relationship always has been and will remain an essential basis of care, in which high quality information is gathered and procedures are made as well as provided. This relationship is a critical foundation to medical ethics that all doctors should attempt to follow and live by. Patients must also have confidence in their physicians to trust the solutions and work around created to counter act certain illnesses and disease. Doctor-patient relationships can directly be observed in both the stories and poems of Dr. William Carlos Williams as well as in the clinical tales of Dr. Oliver Sacks. Both of these doctors have very similar and diverse relationships with multiple patients
Coal and natural gas are the United States’ main fossil fuels used as energy sources. These fossil fuels both contain mixtures of hydrocarbons, which is a chemical compound of carbon and hydrogen (Olah, 2005). Currently, fossil fuels provide eighty-five percent of commercial energy, such as businesses, worldwide and this eighty-five percent does not even account for residential use. Imagine if the residential energy use was accounted for in that eighty-five percent (Davison, 2007). According to Goodell (2006), “Between 1950 and 2000, the world population increased by 140 percent and fossil fuel consumption increased by 400 percent. By 2030, the world’s demand for energy is expected to more than double,” with most of the electricity
The US consumed 142 billion gallons of gasoline in 2007 and the tax applied on it is 18. 4 cents on one gallon. All around the US, there are around 162,000 retail gasoline outlets. With the price of crude oil hovering around $100 a barrel, it is no wonder that concern is growing about the gas prices being so high. After all, modern economies are kept moving by this lifeblood. For instance, in the United States alone personal vehicles consume more than 140 billion gallons of diesel fuel and gasoline per year.However, there are several factors that contribute to the gas prices being so high. Given below are a few of them. Increasing Demand for Oil One of the main catalysts for the incessant rise in gas prices has been one of the most