Native- European encounters date all the way back to the early 1700’s. They’re countless stories and narratives, which focus on different details of the Native Americans, and Europeans. New England colonies were typically known for the formation and development of American literature. European colonization and territorial cross-over onto Native land, sparked many of the stories written that scholars still read, to this day. Many different themes are used to characterize the literature created during this time period. Based off of the well-known British captain, John Smith, “The New World” movie, and The General History of Virginia, New England, and the Summer Isles was created. The capturing of the Christian Englishwoman, Mary Rowlandson, produced the famous narrative, A Narrative of the Captivity and Restoration. Readers of these stories can analyze various portrayals of the encounters of this time period. One can depict a few of the apparent themes represented such as, myth versus history and savage versus civilized. These thematic contents are shown in the narratives, General History of Virginia, New England and the Summer Isles by John Smith, A Narrative of the Captivity and Restoration by Mary Rowlandson, and the 2005 movie, “The New World”, written by Terrence Malik.
Myth versus historical fact, is a major theme represented in these encounters. Hollywood’s’ representation of Pocahontas can be to blame for the many misconceptions of Indians and their
The Disney film Pocahontas can be viewed as a false portrayal of American history. Although it may have been made for entertainment purposes, Pocahontas is regarded to be a coming of age film for children due to its didacticism. The life lessons that one could possibly take away from the film are considerably positive, but the depiction of Native American and European cultures is deceitful. Most Disney films involve “epic romances,” in the case of Pocahontas one is not necessarily needed to convey the message of the film. Even though historical films cannot always be accurate to actual events, this film manages to stray away from the actual historical story of Pocahontas entirely. Due to this, children are presented with false information
The American Pageant, written by the AP authors David M. Kennedy and Lizabeth Cohen, and Caleb’s Crossing, written by Geraldine Brooks, are two books that do an excellent job explaining the relationship between Native Americans and the European colonists. After the first settlement of Jamestown in 1607, Europeans would soon come over to the Americas in waves, colonizing all along the eastern coast. Conflicts with the natives over territory was inevitable, and the European colonist won almost every fight because of their more advanced weapons (guns) and because they were immune to Old World diseases that the Indians were not immune to. The textbook captures the violence between the Native Americans and the European colonists while Caleb’s Crossing rather focuses on the tensions amongst the two groups. Despite this difference however, both the textbook and Brooks’ novel show how big
us, there is the seed of both good and evil. It's a constant struggle as to which one will win. And one cannot exist without the other.” While this assessment of human nature is correct, there have been different reasons for this struggle. The Puritans believed that people were sinners who had fallen out of grace with an angry, yet just, God. Their days were strictly regimented with work and prayer, so they could live wholesome and modest lives. The Humanists, on the other hand, believed people were good for the betterment of their society and themselves. They were able to make their own decisions and live their lives because their loving God would understand, rather
In the 17th century, the Native Americans had been living peacefully in their own little world, until suddenly, the British come upon this land. Little did the British know, tribes of natives already lived there. The countenance of the Native Americans did not go over very well. There was tension between the English and the Native Americans. For example, they fought over the land of the “New World”. As expected, the Natives were fearful and angry when foreigners showed up and proposed new religious beliefs. The British and the Native Americans’ relationship changed due to those coming over for religious freedom and economic prosperity.
In the production of the movie “Pocahontas”, Disney should have acknowledged that not all of the historical information included was completely true. Many people were angry with Disney that they had misportrayed the history of Pocahontas and her tribe. In the article, “Bias in Disney Movies: Pocahontas”, Tom Roderick states that “the film’s ‘pro-social’ messages about racial tolerance and talking out disagreements ring hollow” (Roderick 126). Throughout the film, there are many instances where Disney changed up the history a little bit. In their defense, Disney was just trying to entertain but they should have checked with the Powhatan tribe because they were beyond mad. In the novel, “The True Story of Pocahontas: The Other Side of History”,
The long history between Native American and Europeans are a strained and bloody one. For the time of Columbus’s subsequent visits to the new world, native culture has
The relationship between the English and the Native Americans in 1600 to 1700 is one of the most fluctuating and the most profound relationships in American history. On the one side of the picture, the harmony between Wampanoag and Puritans even inspires them to celebrate “first Thanksgiving”; while, by contrast, the conflicts between the Pequots and the English urge them to antagonize each other, and even wage a war. In addition, the mystery of why the European settlers, including English, become the dominant power in American world, instead of the indigenous people, or Indians, can be solved from the examination of the relationship. In a variety of ways, the relationship drastically alters how people think about and relate to the aborigines. Politically, the relationship changes to establish the supremacy of the English; the English intends to obtain the land and rules over it. Socially, the relationship changes to present the majority of the English settlers; the dominating population is mostly the English settlers. Economically, the relationship changes to obtain the benefit of the English settlers; they gain profit from the massive resource in America. Therefore, the relationship does, in fact, change to foreshadow the discordance of the two groups of people.
“My people are few. They resemble the scattering trees of a storm-swept plain...There was a time when our people covered the land as the waves of a wind-ruffled sea cover its shell-paved floor, but that time long since passed away with the greatness of tribes that are now but a mournful memory.” (Chief Seattle, Chief Seattle’s Speech). Lethal Encounters Englishmen and Indians in Colonial Virginia by Alfred Cave is a book that extensively describe Britain’s and Spain’s initial colonization of America. The book mainly focuses on the facts and primary entries of Native Americans and pioneers, and their initial thoughts thoughts about each other. Albert Caves book, Lethal Encounters Englishmen and Indians in Colonial Virginia, discussed many issues between those indigenous to America and the pioneers, including; racism, imperialism, culture clash, religion, and war.
In West of the Revolution, Saunt explores eight notable moments of interaction, and often first contact, between “old world” colonial powers and indigenous peoples in North America that were occurring simultaneously with the English colonists’ declarations of independence and armed revolt. By providing the reader with a broader perspective of what was happening throughout America in 1776, Saunt illustrates that our collective understanding of what constituted America at that time tends to be remarkably limited and that colonial struggles were multi-faceted, depicted here in a series of snapshots of our land’s history that challenge, complicate, and clarify our conception of what America was. What emerges from this mosaic is a pattern of European national, economic, and religious interests, arrogant and ignorant in equal measure, infiltrating into native lands with consequent uneasy alliances and outright hostilities
An Indian attack on Lancaster during King Phillip’s War resulted in the capture of twenty-four people. Mary Rowlandson was among these captives, and the resulting captivity narrative, titled The Narrative of the Captivity and the Restoration of Mrs. Mary Rowlandson, published in 1682, is formed based on her memory. Rowlandson’s captivity narrative carried great significance in that it came to be used as a didactic Jeremiad, leading its Calvinist audience back towards God’s path and away from an allegorical wilderness.
In, A Severe and Proud Dame She Was, Mary Rowlandson recounts the treatment she received as prisoner of war from Natives in the Wampanoags and Nipmuck tribes written in her perspective. In 1675, Mary Rowlandson found herself and children held captive in the hands of Massachusetts Native Americans. Mary writes with a bias that seems to paint the Native Americans as a species different than her own, but her tone suggests she tried her best to understand their tribe. The purpose of this article appears to be written with the intent of persuading the masses on account of personal experience; that is the interaction among Natives and their customs to be seen in a light of hypocritical behavior. Through the lens of the captured author, she details the experience of her captivity with merciful gestures on the Native’s behalf, despite them keeping her for ransom. Rowlandson suggests traditional Native warfare surrounds a central recurring theme of manipulating mind-games; psychological warfare.
Mary Rowlandson’s captivity narrative, The Sovereignty and Goodness of God, and Charles Brockden Brown’s novel Edgar Huntly were both written during a time of discovery, exploration, and the questioning of identity in America. The frontier was considered the wild place of the unknown, and in these two works, the wilderness of the frontier and characters of “civilized” society interact to form compelling stories. Mary Rowlandson’s narrative and Brown’s novel Edgar Huntly both use the theme of savagery, in which the world of the frontier enables self-proclaimed “civilized” people to rationalize savage behavior, showing that everyone has the capability of savagery, and all have inner, dark impulses that are an inherent part of one’s human
The book “A True History of the Captivity and Restoration of Mrs. Mary Rowlandson” is set in a time where the English in Colonial America and the Indians were constantly at conflict. In the year 1675, the Indians besieged the English city of Lancaster (Rowlandson 4). The Indians captured and killed the inhabitants of that city. Rowlandson was one of the few people who were captured instead of killed. She had to fight through to survive the harsh captivity of the Indians, even though she had lost everything.
Captain John Smith arrives in the ‘New World’ leading many trained English soldiers. They are searching for gold and riches, hoping to bring it back. Once the English arrive, the Native Americans watch the English and decide that they are not to be trusted and must be fought off the land. The English likewise decide that there should be a fight between them and the Native Americans.
In the 1600s, many countries separately set out in exploration for several reasons: for religious expansion and freedom, for the establishment of new land in order to accommodate for growing populations, and for an ultimate economic opportunity. While this allowed for the expansion of civilization and ideas that ultimately led to the creation of the United States, it came at the cost of the abuse and exploitation of entire populations of natives that sometimes led to their complete erasure. The natives of the land, presently known as America, claimed they were subject to these horrors for no more of a reason than fun and the benefit of the incoming colonists as a labor source. However, many colonists convey these experiences with a sort of justification that these natives were, in reality, uncivilized savages who failed to succumb to their wishes of adhering to their culture. These adverse accounts of the growth of the colonies are still heavily debated today due to the lack of truth and bias that exists within the written evidence provided by both sides. While colonist views are challenged in William Shakespeare’s The Tempest by expressing the natives in a sympathetic light, it is clearly reflected in John Smith’s General History of Virginia and A Narrative of the Captivity and Restoration of Mrs. Mary Rowlandson through the representation of natives as sadistic and inhumane creatures.