A Recent Public Health Concern Has Implicated Polyethylene Terephthalate ( Pet ) Plastics )

This experiment was centered on metabolic and biochemical testing procedures. The rationale of performing these tests was to distinguish six different microbes from one another and to compare how their metabolic and biochemical processes differ from species to species to determine the unknown sample.

Thesis: Plastic water bottles were created to make our life easier; however the pollution it has made has linked to cancer and chemicals not known fifty years ago.

Plastic water bottles are considered one of the healthiest beverages you can find in any shop. But are they really all that healthy for the environment, or is there a fine line between a plastic bottled water drink and what’s best for everyone? Let’s take a look at bottled water from the very start to find out. To manufacture plastic bottles, polyethylene terephthalate (PET) is used, and to produce PET, crude oil and natural gas is required. If one fills a plastic water bottle 1/4th full with oil, they will be looking at how much oil was used to make that one bottle, so how much oil does it take to make all of America’s water bottles? According to the Pacific Institute, in 2006, making plastic water bottles

Reinberg, S. (2013, July 31). Plastics Chemical BPA May Harm Human Fertility. Retrieved April 11, 2017, from http://www.webmd.com/baby/news/20130731/plastics-chemical-bpa-may-harm-human-fertility-study#1

The overall food contamination by Bisphenol A is unknown, but the nutrition/ health impact of this chemical is an important subject to be discussed for all individuals. The main aim of one study recently analyzed was to assess the reproductive impact of BPA leached from regularly available polycarbonate plastic containers. The bottles specifically chosen for testing were those that were used by children. The migration of BPA occurs in polycarbonate plastics (i.e. water bottles and baby bottles). Toxicology reports show society the importance of evaluating these products before purchase and consumption as a consumer. For a particular experiment, researchers used Daphnia Magna, a small flea that cleans and absorbs particles that infect the solution they are placed in, and bred them in the polycarbonate containers. A control group was created using water bottles without the infection of these creatures. A GC-MS machine to detect the level of BPA released by each polycarbonate plastic then evaluated the water. An increase in the reproduction of BPA was detected when the Daphnia Magna were bred inside the container. Although these organisms effected the leaching of Bisphenol A, the GC-MS was able to detect, through the control group, that BPA is released without DM. An Eco toxicological effect was observed through all of this testing, and provided evidence to substantiate the fact that Bisphenol A is leached from polycarbonate plastics. The BPA was further analyzed in the Daphnia

The movie documentary Tapped has opened not only mine, but a group of society’s eyes to what harm we are actually causing upon on ourselves with an action so little as to drinking out of plastics bottles. People have been drinking out of bottle waters assuming that what the are drinking out of is safe but once over thousands of plastic bottles were tested huge concerns grew. Studies show that varieties of bacteria and chemicals were found, causing cancer and other illnesses. One of the many harmful chemicals found in these plastic bottles is Styrene which causes a cancer causing agent and also could possibly cause adverse reproductive effects. Investigators also found three different types phthalate, Diethyl phthalate, Dioctyl phthalate that

Last but not least, plastic bottled water can a big health risk. This is because when we we burn the plastic, harmful chemicals are formed that we breathe in. Plus these plastic water bottles contain harmful chemicals such as Bisphenol A which increases the chances of having learning and behavior isuse, breast cancer and diabetes. Plus plastic water bottles contain Phthalates which increases the chances of having liver cancer. Though if plastic bottles are left in the sun, more harmful chemicals form.

Like most other chemicals consumed daily, BPA poses great consequences if consumed in high doses. However, renown geneticist Patricia Hunt depicts that even the consumption of low doses of BPA is equally alarming. To explain, just at a low dose, BPA has the capacity to alter hormone balance. BPA’s close affinity with estrogen poses significant risk to our mental and emotional well being. Most importantly, estrogen plays an important role in basic necessities such as bone growth, ovulation, and heart functions. (7) Elevated estrogen levels increase a woman’s risk for breast cancer (5) Further, studies of low

“One of the biggest challenges facing the bottled water industry is how to respond to the environmental claims levelled against it” (Grocer). Every time someone throws a bottle away, they have taken up more space in a landfill for the next four hundred fifty to one thousand years. Besides the long decomposition rate, water bottles are the cause of several more environmental issues. Overfilling landfills, health hazards caused by refilling, and the economic stresses due to the constant and inconvenient repurchasing are just a few of the negatives water bottles have on us. These plastic pollutants are doing more harm to both the environment and their users than good.

Efficiently conducted biochemical and biological assays, scheduled assigned experiments, and collected and prepared samples for analysis. In select research projects was involved in literature searches, experiment design and performance, and data analysis. Regularly sought and developed improvements to protocols; discussed possible implementation with the supervisor.

During recent years, numerous newspaper and magazine articles have suggested that humans may be at risk because small amounts of well known environmental contaminants, such as dioxin, PCBs and DDT, can affect hormone levels. Hormones are produced by the endocrine system as regulators of biological function in target organs. Because hormones play a critical role in early development, toxicological effects on the endocrine system often have an impact on the reproductive system. The term endocrine disruptor is used to describe chemicals that can mimic hormones and may either enhance or counteract their effects. It has been suggested that these hormone changes can, in turn, lead to a variety of health problems

heorizing that BPA was not the only EA chemical, scientists have tested hundreds of everyday products of varying kinds of plastic from numerous retail sources to determine if they had estrogenic effects. Products included food wrap, deli containers, hard or flexible packaging, plastic bags, baby bottles, and reusable plastic water bottles. Most of these products were labeled BPA-free. The exact chemical composition of almost any commercially available plastic product is unknown. A single part may consist of 5-30 chemicals, and a plastic item containing many parts may consist of 100 or more chemicals, almost all of which can leach from the product. Researchers have used this information and extracted chemicals from the various plastic products

The plastic monomer bisphenol-A, identified by mass spectrometry, was found as a contaminant not only in the liquid of the preserved vegetables but also in water autoclaved in the cans. The amount of bisphenol-A in the extracts accounted for all the hormonal activity measured. Although the presence of other xenoestrogens cannot be ruled out, it is apparent that all estrogenic activity in these cans was due to bisphenol-A leached from the lacquer coating. (1).

This research question aims to think deeper on the circumstances of the overuse of plastic and paper, and what could happen more to the animals/birds, our environment, and our bodies if consumers keep on using plastic and paper products. This research question should be asked to raise awareness to users and most importantly designers, so they consider using other eco friendly material in designing their products.

Plastic water bottles are seen and consumed everywhere. Without knowing the deadly effects that water bottles have on the environment, consumers will keep buying them and contribute to the problem. About 17 million barrels of oil are used each year solely to make water bottles