Introduction Vigna unguiculata is a common subtropic secondary crop utilized for sustenance amongst populations. Also referred to as the cowpea, this commodity holds great value in tropical Third World nations such as Nigeria since it serves as an inexpensive resource which provides protein and energy (Dauost, 1986). Therefore, it is essential that this crop remains prevalent in today’s agricultural world. Unfortunately, Vigna unguiculata faces a large amount of predation from multiple species, one of which is the bean beetle Callosobruchus maculatus. This pest, along with others, leads to crop failure and a complete loss in the resource for potentially an entire agricultural season. Callosobruchus maculatus, a plant-feeding insect, compromises the integrity of Vigna unguiculata populations by using either this plant or other dry-bean species as a location to reproduce and lay eggs (Tuda, 2006). Numerous methods to combat this agricultural problem have been tested and observed. One study suggested artificially selecting certain Vigna unguiculata with key enzymes to hinder the growth of Callosobruchus maculatus eggs within the beans (Filho, 1991). However, a definite correlation has not been discovered and more studies are required. Other investigations utilized the implementation of various oils, which functioned as a natural pesticide against Callosobruchus maculatus. Research conducted by R. Rajapakse, professor of veterinary parasitology at the University of
Volumnia’s character in Coriolanus both supports and breaks the normal gender roles and basis of what is feminine and what is masculine. Since Coriolanus’s father is not around, Volumnia plays both parts of a mother and a father in the family. Volumnia raises her son to be masculine and to exude power despite that she is a woman. She sends him to war and does not think about the consequences or hardships he must face. Unlike a regular mother, she loves seeing Coriolanus’s wounds because they represent strength and show his manly struggles. How Volumnia raises Coriolanus is reflective of herself because she thinks that men who do not fight in the war should not be respected by their country, and furthermore, that one is not a “man” but only a boy before going to war. Like his mother, Coriolanus sees the plebeians as cowards because they have done nothing and have not fought in the war. Because of this, Coriolanus believes he is better than them and that they should respect him and not the other way around. Coriolanus’s masculinity makes him all the more powerful-- his violent and aggressive behavior gives him more power than those men who have not fought in war. Evidently, masculinity is a foundation for power and Volumnia has raised her son to adhere to masculine qualities in order for him to be more powerful. By being a man and fighting for Rome, he is to be made council, giving him power to rule over others. Furthermore, Volumnia acts more as a general to a soldier than is
On Tuesday, October 3rd, 2017, several samples of random bean beetles were sorted by gender and size. 6 groups sorted 5 males and 5 females, making for a total of 60 bean beetles. All beetles were measured under a Dissection 3D Microscope to approximate their torso length. After this was accomplished for every beetle in every group, a large data table was compiled to compare sizes. The 10 smallest and 10 largest beetles were each placed in their own respective bean “habitat,” and 10 random beetles from the remaining pool were also placed in their own bean “habitat.” These habitats were nearly identical to avoid unnecessary variability. The goal of the experiment will be to produce significant evidence to either reject the null hypothesis that bean beetle size has no correlation with survivability as a species, or to reject the alternative hypothesis that bean beetle size has some correlation with survivability as a species.
Child born to a free parent and one slave parent, the status of the offspring will be based on the status of the mother not the father. This could impact the growth of the enslaved population and making slave children profitable for slave masters. The law for Maryland, 1664 stated if a freed woman is to married a slave man she will be treated like her slave husband. In Virginia, 1667 states that Christianity does not release a slave from bondage so Christians could own other Christians. They feared that the slaves will runaway this is the reason why Virginia closed the pathway to freedom in 1660’s and lastly in Viginia , 1663 it stated that the slaves are not allow to leave anywhere without the permission of their masters and if wonder off
“As biological novelties to the ecosystems, GM crops may potentially affect the fitness of other species, population dynamics, ecological roles, and interactions, promoting local extinctions, population explosions, and changes in community structure and function inside and outside agro-ecosystems” (Gertsberg, 2011).
Vitus Jonassen Bering, born in 1681 in Denmark, was a cartographer and explorer for Russia. After one of his voyages, he joined the naval fleet of Tsar Peter I The Great. The Tsar appointed him to find out whether or not North America and Russia share a border because Russia was interested in both colonization in North America and in finding a northeast passage to China around Siberia. He set sail from the Siberian peninsula of Kamchatka, and though bad weather and severe lack of food prevented thorough observation, he concluded that North America and Russia were not connected by land. Vitus Bering later decided to take a second voyage. He set sail from Kamchatka on the St. Peter with Aleksey Chirikov in the St. Paul. The ships separated in
Patria Mirabal had just lost her unborn child, but she seems to have lost a lot more than that.
As aging is becoming a worldwide phenomenon, polyphenols have gained interest as potentially modifiable protective factors against neural diseases, such as dementia. The risk factors of cognitive function decline are not comprehensive, while the mechanisms may involve oxidative stress and inflammation. Epidemiological evidence shows that food contained flavonoid, which antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, is associated with a lower risk of neurodegenerative disorders and better cognitive evolution of the performance in the elderly(60). Although animal models are more properly used to investigate cellular and molecular mechanisms of the neuroprotective effects of Vaccinium berries, there
The Effect of the European Corn Borer Larvae on Bt Corn and Non-Bt Corn Introduction The larvae of the European Corn Borer (ECB) moth begin feeding on leaf surfaces, before boring into midribs and stalks of different plants. This could affect the yield of different products hence, a remedy to this problem is necessary. As a result, scientists investigated the Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt), which is a soil bacterium found in soil because the bacterium produces crystalline proteins that are stomach poisons for different insects. This made geneticists introduce the Bt corn after inserting a crystalline gene form the Bacillus thuringiensis into the corn.
The bean beetle, or Callosobruchus Maculatus, is a pest native to Africa and Asia. Female bean beetles reproduce by laying eggs beans, and then the larva from the egg will burrow into the bean. Generally, bean beetles infest the cowpea species, which include black-eyed peas, adzuki beans, and mung beans, most often.
cattleianum, is a highly invasive species that damages native Hawaiian forests, ecosystems, and the watershed, which can be managed through mechanical, chemical, and biological controls. In its native homeland of southeastern Brazil, the strawberry guava is limited, unlike Hawaii, where it forms monotypic stands that displace native Hawaiian flora and fauna and drive these indigenous, endemic, and endangered species towards extinction. Strawberry guava contributes further to the displacement of native Hawaiian forests by providing nourishment to feral pigs and mice that feed on native Hawaiian flora and fauna. Besides displacement of native Hawaiian species, strawberry guava puts humans at risk through increased erosion and soil runoff as well as hosting fruit flies that cause large scale damage to crops. Mechanical and chemical controls were used to manage P. cattleianum, however they require a lot of time, labor, and money, yet the strawberry guava prevails majority of the time. The State has recently introduced a biocontrol, T. ovatus, which is host specific to P. cattleianum and not its commercially significant cousin, P. guajava, nor any native Hawaiian plants. Although the T. ovatus will not kill the strawberry guava, the T. ovatus will inhibit the growth of new foliage and fruit formation. With the introduction of T. ovatus and increased public awareness of the effects of strawberry guava, P. cattleianum can be controlled and eliminated to
“JUST DO IT!” Those are the words of advice my mother, Calvinetta Narcisse-Cousar gave to me after I asked about foster care. She is retired now but for fifteen years, she took in over twenty children and helped raise and nurse them back to health. There were tough times and there were easy times but she never let it slow her down. Many people might look at her and see a normal person, but to me she is more than that. She is a supermom and one of the best moms in the world. ____
Hi there! Here with Vidia from Tinkerbell and just like in the movie, Vidia is sly, grouchy, vindictive, and at times a narcissistic. Yea, she has a few good traits but rarely let's them be seen. She's currently twenty-four and has 'pushed' her way to Editor of Vogue. Vidia is big on fashion, she hopes to be like Miranda Priestly from The Devil Wears Prada one day.
The United Nations reports that approximately 70% of the world’s crops, valued at close to $US200 billion, are dependent on bee
The Virunga National Park is one of the most biologically diverse areas on the planet and home to a short list of endangered mountain gorillas. Currently, there are 880 mountain gorillas located in the forests shared between the Democratic Republic of Congo, Rwanda, and Uganda. Virunga was the first national park founded by King Albert I of Belgium in Africa. The park was founded in order to protect the mountain gorillas, but unfortunately poaching had caused them to go extinct. The Democratic Republic of the Congo is extremely rich in natural resources, but is politically unstable, has a lack of infrastructure, and deep corruption. The Congo had faced serious threats since the Civil War and wasn’t declared independent until 1960. In 1994, factions of african rebel groups are trying to gain control of natural resources to sell to foreign corporations. Since parts of Virunga lies on the eastern Congo, the park also lies within the natural resources that European private corporations are highly interested. It wasn’t until 2010 when oil was discovered in the eastern Congo (Virunga National Park). The Virunga National Park is known for its