In late summer of 1716, Lady Mary Wortley Montagu set out in the company of her husband and young son from London on an overland journey to Istanbul. That fall, she traveled over the Germanic regions of the sprawling Hapsburg Empire, and by winter, they had crossed the frozen plains of Eastern Europe into Ottoman held territory. By spring, Lady Mary found herself happily ensconced in the old capital of Adrianople. Surrounded by the magical splendor of the exotic east and swept up in scenes from a Hellenistic mythohistory, she wrote regularly and lavishly to her friends back home, detailing the beauty of her strange new world. These letters would form the basis of her posthumously published her Turkish Embassy Letters, still regarded as some of the finest examples of the familiar letter. Drawing on traditions ranging from Reconstruction satire to classical Greek poetry, Lady Mary’s writings provide an unparalleled depth of insight into a unique moment of east-west cultural contact. This study in contrast is what makes Montagu’s writings on feminine beauty the perfect dichotomy through which to study the complex dualities and multiplicities of trans-imperial interaction. The Turkish Embassy Letters are remarkable in many ways: they exemplify the witty rapport of familiar letters, the keen observations of an Enlightenment intellectual, and the romantic musings of a young woman. Standing on the edges of vast empires, she writes philosophy in prose both searching and sarcastic.
The primary source that I have chosen is “Turkish Embassy Letters” written by Lady Wortley Montagu and edited by Malcolm Jack. In this reading the author describes her journey in the Middle East. She gives her perspective on her adventure, which is very important because it can help eliminate orientalism and the negative views about the Middle East. It also gives us an idea on how the Middle East looked like during the 1700s. Orientalism still exists today and I will be showing examples from the text on how Montagu’s trip proves how orientalism is wrong. Edward Said stated that, “American understanding of the Orient will seem considerably less dense (Orientalism Pg. 2).” Everyone has their own assumptions and I believe this reading can help eliminate the assumptions of the Middle East and to improve awareness of orientalism.
To put the names “Armenia” and “Turkey” together evokes a wave of grief and anger. Over the years, a very few have challenged the two and strived to bridge the gap between Armenians and Turks. Dink “crossed that bridge to become a symbol of the struggle for human and minority rights, and of the struggle for democracy and European integration” (Cheterian, 16). Hrant Dink was one of whom who challenged the perceptions of the relationship between Armenians and Turks, starting with his discovery of the newspaper Agos, founded in 1996. The newspaper, which was written and published in both Armenian and Turkish, confronted topics about the complexities that existed between both countries over the years and advocated human rights and democratization.
Compare and contrast the modernization attempts made by Iran and Turkey post World War I?
The Turkish letters date back to 1555-1562, and is referencing the Ottoman empire’s progression to the throne. During this time, the state building of the Ottoman empire was increasing and expanding immensely, due to Suleiman’s rule. Suleiman led the golden age of the Ottoman empire during his rule. The text displays the interactions of the Sultan’s laws and encounters among the people. The text explains that the Sultan’s hall was crowded with many people, and the Janissaries were in charge of protecting him. The event that was taking place was an assembly discussing about the Turkish Monarchs going to war, and the fear of Persia impacting the Ottoman empire. This source represents the time period because while the Janissaries were going to war, people were also worried about the
The ongoing conflict/insurgency has well provided a “juicy” avenue for growing terrorists in Syria. The conflict has served as a magnetic attraction to terrorists such as Salafi-jihadist as well as other Islamic
The main argument is about the problem posed for the modern viewer by the eroticized body of the political ruler, which wasn't a problem for the ancient - Mesopotamians; that sexuality was inextricably linked to potency to male vigor and manly vigor to dominance and authority. In other words, Irene Winter's thesis is about sexuality signifying rule in ancient times.
In the 1700s women were supposed to play the role of doting woman standing by her man virtuous and loving. However, one can say that gender power dynamics could easily be turned when the idea of sex and prostitution in placed in the dynamics. The two texts to support this thesis will be Eliza Haywood’s short story Fantomina: Or, Love in a Maze. Being A Secret History of an Amour between Two Persons of Condition, and Lady Mary Wortley Montagu’s poem “The Reasons that Induced Dr. S to write a Poem called ‘The Lady’s Dressing Room’”.
Davis, Paul, et al. The Bedford Anthology of World Literature: The Modern World, 1650-The Present. Compact Edition. Boston: Bedford/St. Martin's, 2009. 122-155. Print.
Voltaire’s Candide is a complex literary work that sheds the light on many themes and exposes different problems of the 18th century. And the subject of women is one that was rarely if ever discussed in a period where male domination was still in its highest. The first evidence of this is the fact that in the entirety of Candide, a novel hugely dominated by male presence and power, exist only three women referred to by names and given bits of back story. Nevertheless, despite taking a back seat to Candide, Pangloss and other male characters, these three women are essential not only from a story related
In this essay, I will be talking about a turkey for an animal and an apple tree for a plant. Turkeys and apple trees are both Eukarya. Eukarya is a domain of organisms having cells each with a distinct nucleus. Turkeys are apart of the Animalia Kingdom. The Animalia Kingdom includes organisms such as fish, birds, mammals, and many more. Apple trees belong to the Plantae Kingdom. The Plantae Kingdom is the source of food for all other living thing creatures present on Earth. The Plantae Kingdom is key for our survival. Turkeys are part of the Chordate phylum. The Chordate phylum includes all animals that possess a hollow nerve cord and a notochord. This is a flexible rod between the nerve cord and the digestive track. Apple trees are vascular
In Early Modern Era Europe, a move towards centralization resulted in the expansion of governments, particularly monarchies (CITE). With the rise in monarchs came the widespread acceptance of Divine Right, the belief that the emperor/king has sole power provided from God/the Heavens. While the basic meaning of Divine Right was constant across cultures, how a ruler expressed his power was not. Records from this period show us these differences in ruling technique and the unique governing styles they resulted in, such as The Turkish Letters description of the Ottoman Empire and French King Louis XIV’s Memoirs.(CITE) The Turkish Letters, written by Austrian Empire diplomat Busbecq during his visit with the Ottoman Empire ruler Suleiman I, provide insight on the empire’s effective ruling system that led to some of the most successful years for the Ottoman Empire(CITE).
In the Des Moines paper this week there is an article entitled “Turkey at Capacity as Refugees Flee Airstrikes”. The article explains that with the Russian airstrikes accelerating it is forcing more and more Syrians form their homes. Turkey is saying that it has reached capacity for what they can take. Some of the border gates at this time are closed and Turkey is trying to limit further refugees from entering by providing assistance to them inside of Syria. The flood of people is likely to continue to increase. With several nations closing their boarders to refugees what are these innocent people supposed to do? The ethical issue here is, how can nations sit back and see the devastation and need for refugee relocation and do nothing?
A man of an interesting imagination, Evliya Çelebi was a Turk born in Istanbul in 1611. His travel account is both long and a comprehensive account of the Ottoman Empire at its greatest extent in the seventeenth century . His obsession with detail and unending curiosity led to his through documentation of the sites that we visited during his travels. Unfortunately, beyond the travel accounts written by Çelebi himself, there is not much other documentation about the life of Çelebi. Despite this, his extensive account does shed light on Çelebi’s personality, and possibly the attitude of other Ottoman Turks during this time period. In particular, Çelebi goes into extensive detail of several important cities that he visited. These
Turkey's key internal conflict centers on the role of its large Kurdish minority, ethnically and linguistically distinct, in a state that constitutionally consists of Turks.
increasing day by day. Being able to keep alive in the middle of this rivalry