Acute Renal Failure: A Case Study

(Mayo Clinic, 2013) Some surgical procedures used to treat CAD are angioplasty and coronary artery bypass surgery. (Mayo Clinic, 2013) The angioplasty surgery is when your doctor inserts a catheter to the blockage in the artery and threads the wire through the narrowed arteries. (Opening blocked coronary arteries: New questions about the old answer, nd., p.2) Once the balloon is in place, at the sight of the blockage, the balloon inflates which causes the plaque to crack and the artery to become free from blockage. (Opening blocked coronary arteries: New questions about the old answer, nd., p.2) The other surgical opinion for CAD is coronary artery bypass surgery is a procedure done by a doctor using a graft. (Mayo Clinic, 2013) The doctor will construct a graft to direct the blood flow around the blockage using existing blood vessels in the body. (Mayo Clinic, 2013) Due to the fact that this procedure requires open heart surgery, it is usually used for patients with several partial or full blockages. (Mayo Clinic, 2013)

Heart disease is a complication associated with diabetes. When it comes to procedures such as bypass, surgery, angioplasty and stents, it is usually presumed that the least invasion option is the best. Discover the truth behind this presumption and why it might not always be the case for those with diabetes.

This was a retrospective, descriptive, and correlational study. Data from the records of patients who had undergone a heart catheterization or PCI over the span of two years was retrieved from the Clinical Automated Office Solutions database. (Dumont, Keeling, Bourguignon,

Coronary Artery Bypass Graft (CABG) is an open-heart surgery where a section of a blood vessel, either a vein or artery, is grafted from the coronary artery to the aorta to bypass a blocked section of the artery to improve blood supply to the myocardium (See appendix A for Physiology) The primary foundation of CABG is to regenerate perfusion to the myocardium. (Diodato & Chedrawy. 2014), The goals of CABG include improving your quality of life, reducing angina allowing you to restart a more active regime, Improving the pumping action of your heart if it has been damaged by a heart attack, lowering the risk of a heart attack, in some patients who have increased risk, like those who have diabetes, Improving

To diagnose a coronary artery disease (CAD) the doctor will use a coronary angiogram procedure to find the percentage of blockage or narrow in arteries, the angiogram results will help the doctor to decide a decision on patient treatment depends on the percentage of blockage on coronary artery, age, weight, and whether patients have other medical conditions, like diabetes . In cases with obstructive average a 50% or slightly more are treated by medications and Balloon angioplasty, but what about the cases with more than one artery completely blockage or the medication and stent do not help them? The doctor will choose a coronary artery bypass grafting surgery (CABG) to restore blood flow in the heart, CABG is a surgery done through replacement

Surgeons utilize the CABG to treat patient they have severe coronary heart disease (CHD). coronary heart disease is a disease which An waxy substance called plaque that mean accumulation inside the coronary arteries. These arteries supply blood with rich oxygen to the heart. Hardened plaque narrows the coronary arteries and decrease blood with rich oxygen to the heart. This may lead to cause chest pain or discomfort to patient called angina. In cause the plaque rupture, a blood clot can form on its surface. A large amount of blood clot can lead completely to block blood flow through the coronary artery. This is the majority cause of heart attack. CABG is a type of surgery that enhance the blood flow to the heart . CABG is one of the most

If you've ever had a serious medical procedure performed on you, then you know that your recovery doesn't end when you leave the hospital. Often, significant physical issues remain that require short-term rehabilitation programs and other healing support. They also require significant alterations to your lifestyle and mindset.

Coronary angioplasty is a procedure that improves blood flow to the heart by using a special balloon to open a blocked coronary artery from the inside to restore effective circulation to the muscle. To prevent constant blockage, a small tube called a stent may be inserted in the vessel to keep it open. Coronary artery bypass graft surgery is often successful treatment. Is an operation in which blood flow is redirected around a narrowed area in one or more of individual coronary arteries. This lets blood flow more freely to individual heart muscle. After heart attack is develop or be at high risk of developing abnormal heart rhythms that could be life threatening. A small device can be put into the chest and connected to the heart to treat an

Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) this surgical procedure is used with patients who have severe coronary heart disease (CHD), it's improve and increase the flow of the blood to the heart.

CKD is a worldwide public health problem with poor outcomes and high cost.(1) Individuals with CKD are more likely to die of CVD than to develop kidney failure.(28) RI has consistently been found to be an independent risk factor for CVD outcomes and all cause mortality in patients undergoing PCI; it appears that the increased risk is present even with mild reductions in kidney function.(1-4) ACS patients with RI have generally been systemically excluded from large cardiovascular trials.(29) It was perceived that PCI is inappropriately underutilized in ACS patients with concomitant RI.(30) Therefore, with advances in PCI techniques and overall improvements in outcome, we decided to explore the impact of CKD on PCI outcome in a cohort of patients

Depending on the clinical settings policies, usually you will be scheduled to arrive at the hospital about 2 hours before the procedure time (Corones, et al 2009). From there the pre-operation procedures will take place and this will majorly include my role as an RN to ensure that she is fully prepared for her procedure, this will include;

Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) is a surgical procedure performed on patients with coronary artery disease to improve their survival and quality of life. (1) It remains to be the gold standard treatment for patients requiring multivessel coronary revascularization despite recent advances in medical therapies and Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI). (2) There are two forms of CABG. Traditionally, CABG is performed with a cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) machine (aka heart lung machine or “the pump”) which maintains circulation while the heart is temporarily stopped. (1) This creates a bloodless and motionless operating field for the surgeons. (3) The body is then weaned from CPB and the heart is restarted with the completion of grafting. (1) Alternatively, a relatively newer technique called off-pump CABG or beating heart surgery can be performed. With this procedure, CPB is not utilized and the surgeon grafts the blood vessel on the pumping heart after the area around the blocked coronary artery is stabilized. (1)

Acute renal failure is the sudden loss of the kidneys ability to function; affecting more than 100,000 people in the United States alone each year (NIDDK, 2008). This paper will discuss the basic pathophysiology of acute renal failure, including its cause, disease mechanisms, symptoms, some of the treatments and pharmacological therapies.

At the end of our 2 weeks of data gathering and completing the study, the group aims to accomplish the following:

Cardiac Rehabilitation programme is offered to patients post myocardial infarction. Rehabilitation is defined by the Royal College of Nursing RCN, (2000,pg.3) as re-enablement which means "helping people adapt to changes in their life circumstances." Cardiac rehabilitation is defined by Jowcett and Thompson 1996 cited in Noy (1998,pg.1033) as "the process by which patients with coronary heart disease are enabled to achieve their optimal physical, emotional, social and economic status". Furthermore, it is also defined by the World Health Organisation WHO, (1993) cited in the National Service Framework for coronary heart disease DOH, (2000,pg.3) as the "sum of activities required to influence favourably the underlying cause of the disease, as well as the best possible physical, mental and social conditions, so that they (people) may, by their own efforts preserve or resume when lost, as normal a place as possible in the community". Rehabilitation is a complex activity that requires contributions from many members of the healthcare team. Rehabilitation is a planned, goal-directed activity that requires assessment and re-assessment using standardised measures to monitor progress. It must include patients and their families and friends.