Epoxy or polyepoxide is a cross linking thermosetting polymer that cures (polymerizes and cross-links) when mixed with a "hardener" or curing agent. Most common epoxy resins are formed by the polymerization between epichlorohydrin and bisphenol-A. Dr. S.O. Greenlee of United States and Dr. Pierre Castan of Switzerland were in the year 1936, first jointly synthesized bisphenol-A based epoxy resins.
Epoxy resin is most widely used as a matrix for advanced structural composites due to their superior thermal, electrical and mechanical properties; chemical resistance and dimensional stability. Epoxy is also used as surface coatings and most widely used as industrial finishes and provides flexibility, superior adhesion and corrosion resistance when
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[46], there have been continuous efforts to incorporate CNTs into various types of epoxy resins to fabricate functional composite materials with desirable electrical and mechanical properties. They reported a simple method to produce aligned arrays of CNTs into the epoxy matrix. MWCNTs produced by arc-discharge and purified nanotubes in ethanol were randomly dispersed in a liquid epoxy resin by mechanical mixing with a glass rod. The resin was prepared by mixing epoxy resin (Epon 812) with the curing agents dodecenyl succinic anhydride (DDSA: 12.4 ml) and methyl nadic anhydride (MNA: 9.4 ml) and the accelerating agent, 2, 4, 6-tris (diaminomethylaminomethyl) phenol (DMP 30: 0.7 ml) by magnetic stirring for 2 h. The composite after evacuation was hardened in capsular shaped blocks for 24 h at 60°C. Low and high magnification transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images of the thin slices cut from the composite showed that the thinner and longer nanotubes were preferentially oriented along the cutting direction, though the thicker tubes and nanoparticles had random orientation. Most of the tubes were adhered to the polymer matrix, and the directional cutting process created shear that induced flow of the tubes. The tubes on the surface were deformed during cutting (due to defect formation) and were oriented unidirectionally on the newly formed surface. …show more content…
The matrix used in this study was an epoxy polymer based on bisphenol-A resin (Araldite LY 556) and an aromatic hardener (Araldite HY 932). Weight percentages ranging from 0.0225 to 0.15 wt% of the pristine CVD-grown [50] MWCNTs (diameter 5–10 nm, length a few microns) were first dispersed in ethanol in an ultrasonic bath at room temperature for 1 h. The solution was then mixed with the resin and stirred for 1 h at 2000 rpm at 80°C. Ethanol was evaporated in a vacuum oven at 80°C for 1 h, and the mixtures were stirred again for 1 h at 2000 rpm. After adding the hardener, the mixtures were stirred at 2000 rpm for 15 min. The resulting epoxy nanocomposite was hardened in a vacuum oven at 140°C for 8 h. Composite sample containing 0.025% of CNTs in the epoxy resin show a remarkable improvement in the dispersion of CNTs in the epoxy resin due to ultrasound exposure. At these lower filler fractions, neither the processing behaviour (viscosity) of the matrix nor the surface finish of the samples was adversely
Nano-composite plastics and carbon nanotubes have been utilized for industrial and consumer packaging, the later offering an improved packaging solution for electronics components by making the materials used lighter and stronger. Nano-porous silica is a high porous, low-density solid material that supports various temperatures making it a great insulation product that can be applied in a wide range of fields from pipe insulation to refrigerators and even microelectronics. Nanoparticle based colloids are employed in the manufacturing of sunscreens, paints, and printer inks and nano-coatings can be applied in order to obtain scratch resistant surfaces. Composite nano-materials can be considered the basis for all the other current and future commercial applications of nanotechnology.
Epoxy is a kind of polymer material that starts like a liquid and it is transformed into a good condition via a controlled chemical reaction. Due to this transformation in condition, epoxy floor films are usually a robotically strong and chemically resistant kind of flooring. Epoxy floor films are highly adhesive throughout the conversion from liquid to solid permitting them to produce a secure bond with old and new concrete flooring surfaces. You will find a multitude of programs and ways to use epoxy films including epoxy floor fresh paint in industrial and commercial configurations too for films on industrial equipment or machinery. Epoxy floor films may also be used as vapor obstacles over concrete foundations
2. Tensile strength, elongation at break, Young's modulus, in-vitro and in-vivo destruction rate (linear mice), changes in physicomechanical characteristics, degree of crystallinity, molecular weight in the course of destruction, and Also the dynamics of the tissue reaction for samples of polymer products (films, veins, fibers) based on synthesized
Chandler, Arizona – November 22, 2015 – Epoxy floors are typically used throughout many home garages and commercial locations. These floors provide homeowners and business owners with an eye-pleasing appearance and are durable enough to last many years. A local 10-year-old epoxy flooring company, Epoxy Floor Pros Phoenix, recently announced that the company has extended its service area to cover the entire Phoenix metropolitan area. Along with this announcement, the company has offered its standard, free
Polyethylene is a thermoplastic polymer consisting of long chains of the monomer ethylene and is abbreviated as PE. Polyethylene consists of the two chemical elements hydrogen and carbon. PE is created through the polymerization of ethene and is classified into several categories based primarily on its density and branching of its molecular structure and weight.
The best part about epoxy floors is that they last many decades! If you take care of each step, everything will be fine. You can easily learn how to maintain your epoxy floor. It is a matter of being constant, responsible and willing to learn. You will notice that it doesn't involve high maintenance, and luckily, they can last forever. You won´t need to replace your floors so many times. Water damage won´t take place so you can have peace of mind. Yet, you might want to be aware about humidity conditions- especially if your place climate is not so good. In addition, you can check reviews to make a wise choice. As you may already know, epoxy flooring is great for workplaces and garages.
The stress-strain behaviour of the nanocomposite was found to be independent of the strain rate.
Various methods are utilized to modify epoxy resins to improve their toughness. Based on the structure-property relationships, the traditional chemistry approaches have been: chemical modification of a given rigid epoxy backbone to a more flexible backbone structure; lowering the crosslink density by increasing the molecular weight of the epoxy monomers and/or decreasing the functionality of the curing agents. The most common approaches are the incorporation of dispersed toughener phase(s) in the cured epoxy matrix. The second phase includes rubbers, thermoplastics, block copolymers and hard inclusions such as silica, glass beads, etc.
Clearly the Synthetic Resin adds more value to the company than the Epoxy Resin. As a result, our group felt that the Synthetic Resin was a better investment choice provided that Day-Pro can wait the longer period of time for return on their initial investment.
A polymer is a long chain of molecules made up of many repeating identical units called monomers. A polymer made from two or more repeating units of monomers are called copolymers (Smith et al., 2006). Monomers are often made up of Hydrogen and Carbon with extra elements such as Oxygen, Nitrogen and Chlorine, creating the backbone of the polymer. These can be made synthetically, such as polyethylene or occur naturally like cellulose, as are the polymers being investigated are. Polylactic acid is made naturally and Polypropylene is made synthetically. Polymers can be three dimensional networks which don’t melt such as epoxy resin, and are called thermoset polymers, two dimensional or one dimensional networks or chains which can be melted such as polypropylene called thermoplastic polymers
Polymer Matrix Composites: Most commonly used matrix materials are polymeric. In general the mechanical properties of polymers are inadequate for many structural purposes. In particular their strength and stiffness are low compared to metals and ceramics. These difficulties are overcome by reinforcing other materials with polymers. Secondly the processing of polymer matrix composites need not involve high pressure and doesn’t require high temperature. Also equipments required for manufacturing polymer matrix composites are simpler. For this reason polymer matrix composites developed rapidly and soon became popular for structural
Polymer is derived from the Greek word. It can be broken down into “Poly” means “many” and “mer” means “units. This shows that a polymer has small units called monomers in its chemical composition which are bound together to form a large molecule. Depending on the arrangement of different chains and how they are joined, polymers can be classified as:
In addition, control in the size of prepared polymer spheres are a novel challenge which developed through addition of hydrophobe agent. Hyperbranched polyesters (HBP) have attracted more interest and attained severe studying in the last four decades. They are members of a group of macromolecules called dendritic polymers, which obtained from their three-dimensional structure, large number of functional groups and having peculiar and distinctive properties. They have extremely branched backbone, which give contact to a lot of reactive groups; their structure give them brilliant flow, handling properties and categorized as lower viscosity than linear polymers. (1,2,3,4,5) These properties construct hyperbranched polymers interesting for different applications; coatings(6), UV-curing applications(7), Nanomedicine(8) and Drug Delivery systems(9,10) and also have attracted a huge contract of interest for other applications e.g. for high solid powder coatings(11), fire retardant coatings(12), barrier coatings for flexible packaging(13), thermoplastic-toughened thermosets(14), hydrophobic surface patterns from hyperbranched fluoropolymer(15), waste water treatment(16) and they have been recently suggested as a hydrophoping agent in preparation of polystyrene by miniemulsion polymerization.
I will be explain and discussing about polypropylene, polypropylene is a thermoplastic polymer that can be used in a big variety of applications including ropes and thermal carpet. An addition polymer is made from the monomer propylene, it contains unusual resistant to many solvents of chemicals, acids and bases. The properties of polypropylene is it is resistant to alkalis and acids, it is also high tensile in strength.
Pure aluminum nanocomposite reinforced with silicon carbide was produced by powder metallurgy route. Modeling investigations and mechanical experiments were carried out on the mechanical Behviour. of this nanocomposites .Measurements of density, tensile properties and hardness showed that the tensile strength and the porosity of composites increased with the increasing in the amount of the nanoparticles; however, aluminum ductility was decreased. On the other hand, the elongation percentage keeps constant with the increasing in the percentage of the nanoparticles. Wear resistance increased in the composite samples comparing to alloy. In the current research, a technique based on Artificial Neural Network (ANN) and Finite Element Method (FEM) was implemented to predict mechanical properties. It was observed that prediction results in this study are consistent with the real measurements for composites.