SQL stands for Structured Query Language. SQL is a standard interactive and programming language designed for the retrieval and management of data in relational database. According to the ANSI, it is the standard language for relational database management systems. SQL statements are used to perform tasks such as - update data on a database, or retreive data from a database.
Some common relational database management systems that use SQL are: Oracle, Sybase, Microsoft SQL Server, Access Ingres, etc. The strengths of SQL provides benefits for all types of users, including application programmers, database administrators, managers, and
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FEATURES :
• It provides automatic navigation to the data.
• It uses statements that are complex and powerful individually, and that therefore stand alone.
• It processes sets of data as groups rather than as individual units.
Recent Enhancements
• The Oracle Database SQL engine is the underpinning of all the Oracle Database applications.
• Oracle SQL continually evolves to meet the growing demands of database applications and to support the emerging computing architectures, APIs, and network protocols.
In addition to the traditional structured data, SQL is also capable of storing, retrieving, and processing more complex data.
Built – in SQL aggregate and analytic functions facilitate access to and manipulation of data in the data warehouses and data marts.
Ongoing enhancement in Oracle SQL will continue to provide comprehensive support for the development of versatile, scalable and high - performance database applications.
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It is used to modify and build the structure of the tables and the objects in database.
The three types of DDL commands are :-
1. CREATE : This is used to create a table.
The syntax is : CREATE TABLE [ table name] ([columns definitions] [table parameters])
For example :-
CREATE TABLE employess (first_name VARCHAR(30) not null, Last_name VARCHAR(30) not null, Dateofbirth DATE not null );
2. DROP : This deletes an existing an existing database, table, index or view.
The syntax is :- DROP objecttype objectname
For Example :- DROP TABLE
Data objects can model relational data or advanced data types such as graphics, movies, and audio. Smalltalk, C++, Java, and others are objects used in object-oriented data. The object-relational is a combination of relational and object-oriented databases. Traditional and advanced data types can be used to construct database management systems. These systems can connect to a company’s website and update records as needed. Database Approach The main purpose of a database is data storage that can be stored and retrieved when needed. A popular common language called structured query language (SQL) is used to store and retrieve data in relational database. This language enables the systems to run a report or modify data or remove the data from the database. A database management system (DBMS) controls all aspects of a database, this is not limited to the creation, maintenance, and use of database. The DBMS ensures proper applications are able to access the database. An important purpose of a DBMS is to maintain the data definitions (data dictionary) for all the data elements in the database. It also enforces data integrity and security measures. Data Models Data models provide a contextual framework and graphical representation that aid in the definition of data elements. In a relational database, the data model lays the foundation for the database and identifies important entities,
A database administration framework (DBMS) is a PC programming application that connects with the client, different applications, and the database itself to catch and dissect information. A universally useful DBMS is intended to permit the definition, creation, questioning, upgrade, and organization of databases.
Which database management system platform should I use? This is a very common question that developers ask themselves when they work on a project that requires storing and querying data. There are 4 well-known platforms that people may consider; they are: Oracle, Microsoft SQL, Teradata and DB2. This essay will compare and contrast the differences and similarities between these fours platforms.
Database interface's SQL editor provides an easy and efficient way to write and test scripts and queries. And its powerful data grid provides an easy way to view and edit data related to any DBMS/RDBMS tools.
A Database Management System or (DBMS) is an essential tool for any organization or company in today’s modern world. A DBMS is “a group of programs that manipulate the database and provide an interface between the database and its users and other application programs” (Stair & Reynolds, 2011, p. 189). So in choosing the right DBMS there are many factoring issues with choosing the right one for the company or organization. When choosing a DBMS one has to think about how the system will ultimately help the company or organization with day to day processes and the goals of the company or organization.
There are several important steps to consider when designing a database, as a well-designed database should be deployed and not only support the accuracy and integrity of business information but also avoid redundant data and assist with has enterprise level reporting tasked. If we analyze the
SQL means Structured Query Language: almost all databases provide an SQL interface. It's a standardised and restricted set of keywords which can be used to query, create and update databases.
Figure 11 shows the relationship of a database using DBMS, connecting the user with the information from the database. A database consists of many data from customers to orders, services, employees, and so on. The user can be a customer or employee. Employees use DBMS to find customer’s information, service types, and service provider information. Later in the process, the DBMS will then extract data from the database to answer the users’ questions.
Relational database contains data records that do not have a preset of relationships, permitting the user to define his or her relationship when accessing the data. Since users have much control over the data being accessed, relational databases can perform a variety of tasks. Such as defining the database; querying the database; adding, editing, and deleting data from the database; modifying the structure of the database; securing data from public access; communicating within the network; and exporting and importing data (Murthy, 2008).
The database was first introduced in the 1960s with the access of storage disks. As technology advanced, interest in database grew. Charles Bachman founded the ‘Database Task Group’, which used databases among a group, and it allowed them to use it daily. In the late 1970s SQL came about and stands for a standardized query language. It was used to code databases and make queries, which took the information from the databases and joined tables together to make them simpler to use and show the relationship between the various tables.
Database system design can be extremely time-consuming as it takes sophisticated software to create and control it. The design process becomes less user-friendly as it takes a more extensive knowledge of how to use it. The standard of an excellent database is one, which is complete, integral, simple, understandable, flexible and
This paper will compare and contrast five different database management systems on six criteria. The database management systems (DBMS) that will be discussed are SQL Server 2000, Access, MySQL, DB2, and Oracle. The criteria that will be compared are the systems’ functionality, the requirements that must be met to run the DBMS, the expansion capabilities – if it is able to expand to handle more data over time, the types of companies that typically use each one, the normal usage of the DBMS, and the costs associated with implementing the DBMS.
Oracle designs, develops, and supports computer-software products. This software is used for database management and network products, application development productivity tools, and end user applications. The company’s principal product, the oracle relational database-management system, runs on supercomputers, mainframes, microcomputers, and personal computers. The company also offers consulting, support, and system integration services for its customers. Oracle Corporation provides the software that powers the Internet.
- Structured Query Language (SQL) is an internationally recognized standard language used and understood by all commercial database management systems.