Agnosticism as a Product of Fear
“Nothing is so much to be feared as fear. Atheism may comparatively be popular with God himself.”
-Henry David Thoreau.
The poetry of Philip Larkin has led numerous scholars to debate about the poet’s true attitude towards religion. Many of Larkin’s poems seem to be unambiguous, emanating a strong feeling of pessimism and denouncement to religion and faith. The doubts and uncertainties Larkin felt towards religion reverberate throughout his work, resulting in most scholars to consider him an atheist. However, in perhaps his most famous and widely anthologized poem, “Church Going,” there seems to be “not so much an expression of outright skepticism towards Christianity, as a desperate struggle to
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Their faith is presented as being heavily deceptive, and their emotions described as “deep hoarse tears, as if a kind of dumb / And idiot child within them survives” (14-15). The portrayal of these religious people presents in the mind of the reader an image of a completely ignorant dunce, or even a jackass, whereas describing their tears as “hoarse,” was a homophone likely chosen with malicious intent. Larkin’s fear of death contributes not only to his depiction of religion, but also his struggle to accept it, seeing as he viewed religion unable to save people from suffering and death. The poem “Aubade” describes at length the speaker’s struggle and fear of death and how he feels “religion in the past or rational thinking in the modern world of science can by no means drive away…” their imminent death (Bao 189). The speaker is paralyzed by the thought of “unresting death” that is “a whole day nearer” every day he comes home from work (5). In the extremely morbid last stanza of the poem the speaker proclaims his belief that “no trick dispels” death, and that “religion used to try” (22), further showing that “the only real obstacle between Larkin and faith is his inability to accept death as part of the divine plan” (Schray 56). Considering Larkin to be an atheist however is not the most accurate representation of the poet, and his frequent use of religion, as dire as it may be, indicates a more complicated notion.
The poem “Church Going” is about a man visiting
Peter King’s comment on Phillip Larkin’s novel is reasonable because Larkin’s main themes are about death and failure. It is possible to outline both sides of the argument and Larkin’s use of imagery and characterisation supports this.
In William L. Rowe 's paper "The Problem of Evil and Some Varieties of Atheism" he sets out to accomplish two main goals. The first goal is directed toward theists, while the second attempts to reach the very wellspring of an atheist 's heart. Foremost, Rowe sets out to show that there is "an argument for atheism based on the existence of evil that may rationally justify someone in being an atheist" (335). After he has effectively addressed this first issue he moves on to try and convince the atheist that in light of all the evidence that theists are rationally justified (just as much as the atheist) and therefore that atheists should subscribe to what Rowe calls "friendly atheism."
First, Emily Dickinson’s poetry1 continuously rejected society’s perception of death. As death approaches, the one entering eternity and those nearby are often scared
Sadly, while I am usually kind and caring, I was being snarky in your case. The point is to wake you up.
GOOOOOODDDDD AFFTERRRRNOOOONNNNN ladies and gentlemen of the Byron Bay Poetry Festival Committee. I stand here before you in my corporeal form to inform you of two pieces of prose on the theme of ‘life and death’ that are very dear to my heart, I must convince you to include them in your reading. But, why are we, as mortals, intrigued by life and death? Is it the thought of staring willingly into the unknown, not knowing when it will end? Or is it the fact that we don’t know what comes after? Is there such thing as a glistening heaven, or do our spirits lay rested in the garden soil, our bodies rotting beneath the flowers? Well, no matter what it is that makes us so curious about the circle of life, for billions of years’ poets have been
I think that it is an over-generalization to say that the biggest mass murderers of history were atheists. (BTW, saying mass-murderers, savages, or the like implies that those people were defeated; however, people who killed millions of people and were winners of conflict often implies that they were heroes and victorious, etc. Point of reference, the genocide of Native Americans during the 1800s in the U.S., the killing of 40% of Ireland’s chiefly Catholic population by Oliver Cromwell’s Puritan conquest of Ireland in the 1600s, etc.) To say that atheists have a proclivity for destroying others would infer that atheists would have a unifying belief; by definition, this is not atheism.
Atheism: a disbelief or a lack of belief in God. Sadly, this is becoming a more
In H.J. McCloskey’s article entitled “On Being an Atheist” he builds an argument against the existence of God. He wrote this article with the intentions of arguing in contradiction of two of the three theistic proofs, which are: cosmological argument, theological argument. H.J. McCloskey presents an aggregate dispute that’s pulls in the Cosmological and Theological arguments and combines them together. The cosmological case he put together is concerning the existence of God, and the theological case serves as the intellectual case. Together these arguments make a strong snowballing case. However these arguments are not the only subjects addressed in his article. McCloskey also touches on the Atheism as being comforting and the problem of evil.
Initially, it seems as if the “Death” presented in Emily Dickinson’s “Because I could not for Death –” was meant to parallel a suitor. In fact, Chris Semansky claims that “Death” in the poem “is personified as a suitor who takes his potential bride away from her busy life” (Semansky). However, with further investigation, it becomes evident that “Death” is actually a representation of God, extinguishing the possibility of a romantic aspect. “Death” does not show any definite affection toward the speaker, but rather, “He” is kind and respectful, which confirms that “Death” does not have to be seen as a suitor. Although there is no explicit mention of spirituality within the poem, given Dickinson’s Christian background, along with her consistent poetic themes involving life and death from a religious standpoint, an extended metaphor of God as “Death” is feasible. “Death” initially stops for the speaker because she is unable to stop for herself, revealing the inabilities of mankind and the need for help in some form. In “Because I could not stop for Death-,” Dickinson reveals that man’s short fallings are consolidated through the manifestation of God’s power. This is done through the illustration of a carriage ride as well as the strategic use of a flashback.
Disbelief in the existence of God is an enduring, worldwide phenomenon that is quite possibly also one of the most misunderstood belief systems in the world. For many, the term “atheism” immediately spurs negative imagery inspired by years of indoctrination – churches proclaiming the sins of the infidels, and how questioning God’s infinite love will result in instant damnation. Atheists are perceived as dark, nihilistic, immoral, amoral, pessimistic, and even evil, because without God, clearly they are also without morality and goodness. But if this disbelief is so negative, why would nearly 1 billion people globally, and more than 16 percent of the American population identify themselves as “nonbelievers”? In fact, a survey published in
Differences in people’s opinions can cause major conflicts, however fighting against one’s own opposing beliefs can be tougher to resolve. Poets William Blake, G.M. Hopkins and Gwen Harwood have produced various poems epitomising how these internal struggles can become quite detrimental. Despite the differences in time periods and their varying cultural backgrounds, they all convey deep messages about the struggles with worshipping their faith or religion, handling ideas surrounding mortality and dealing with life’s regrets formed by adverse situations.
a new style of music introducing scat music and dance music into jazz music. With his
Firstly, a doubtful tone can be evinced through Larkin’s use of syntax at the start of specific quatrains in the poem. For instance, in the 1st stanza, the splitting
Atheism is a controversial form of Non-Religion ideology that is increasing worldwide and is gaining popularity because of it’s lack of belief in Gods or Higher powers. Atheism has a humanistic approach such as to believing in reason instead of faith. Most Atheists are more open-minded and tend to favor science instead of religion. Unlike other religions Atheism does not have a set of rules or holy scriptures that atheist can comply by or learn from. Atheism seems to always pull away from religion and does not follow their traits or characteristics and fall along the line. Atheist are viewed in a negative way because people assume that atheist do not believe in salvation, redemption, and have no moral values. For these reason atheists are discriminated against and has resulted
My belief of divine retribution is the foundation of most of my decisions. I believe in God and the Bible. I believe that if it was not for the fear of divine retribution, the world would be in a worse place than it is now. The Bible states that we are born in sin and shaped in iniquity. In essence, we have a natural instinct to do wrong. Without fear of divine retribution, everyone would do wrong. It is the fear of God that wills us to do right because we fear him, who made us. Not all of us fear God. It is the fear of God and his wrath that keeps most of us from acting on pure instinct. For instance, if someone experiences rape or death of a loved one by illegal means, our fleshly instincts wills us to take revenge. Only