Amygdala Research Paper

The amygdalae (Latin, also corpus amygdaloideum, singular amygdala, from Greek αμυγδαλή, amygdalē, 'almond', 'tonsil', listed in the Gray's Anatomy as the nucleus amygdalæ)[1] are almond-shaped groups of nuclei located deep within the medial temporal lobes of the brain in complex vertebrates, including humans.[2] Shown in research to perform a primary role in the processing and memory of emotional reactions, the amygdalae are considered part of the limbic system.[3].

This video is about The Behaving Brain; it explains how the brain and amnesia work. According to the video, neurons duties are to receive information from other cells, process this information, and transmitting it to the rest of the body. This is done by traveling through dendrites, to the soma, to the axon, to the terminal buttons. Constant nerve flow helps regulate our metabolism, temperature, and respiration. It also enables learning and the ability to comprehend. The brain is connected to the brain stem, which is connected to the cerebellum, which is connected to the limbic system. The limbic system is made up of the amygdala, hippocampus, hypothalamus, and thalamus. The cerebrum is the largest part of the brain, where things are

The amygdala specializes in threat detection, fear, excitement, and arousal, hippocampus helps format long-term declarative memories and spatial reasoning. The anterior cingulate cortex influences autonomic function, decision making, error detection and emotion while the posterior has a role in spatial annotations memory. The septal area produces pleasurable feeling,

Creating the world's first Z-Bomb, would have to be the most dangerous thing that could happen to humans. Turning them into Zombies, it would entirely change the characteristics of a human being and its brain. Although both living, Zombies have drastic defects towards certain aspects of the body. This Z-bomb won’t necessarily turn humans into zombies, but rather give humans zombie-ish characteristics.

Signal processing within the amygdala is further regulated by interactions with a network of external structures. In particular, the dMT and its projections to the CeL have been demonstrated to play a role in fear memory retrieval. Notably, the dMT is assumed to be extensively modulated by opioids considering its innervation with opioidergic fibers and the high expression levels of MORs. Previous studies have reported the MOR system in the PVT, as part of the dMT, to be involved in managing physical pain. Moreover, social pain, which describes social rejection, being excluded or not being liked by others and which is associated with symptoms of anxiety and depression, appears to involve the MOR system in the PVT (Hsu et al). However, so far a direct implication of

Taking a journey with your mind through the stories of reading a novel is a positive enhancement to proper brain function. In reference to the study of proper brain function and how reading a novel can improve the reader’s connectivity on a level of higher brain function; make myself think on my past neglect of not picking up a fiction book and exploring a novel for myself. Reading is the key to unlocking untapped potential in imagination with reading a book that challenges you to become one with the Arthur. The only way to truly free your mind and push the boundaries of proper brain function is to become an enthusiasm of reading fiction books.

(Tonya Hines 2013) The cerebrum is the one that affects reasoning and emotions. But there are smaller parts to the three main areas; the smaller part of the brain that manages emotional reactions is the Anterior Cingulate Cortex(ACC). If something were to happen to the ACC or the cerebrum, the things that control, the emotions and reactions to these emotions could be bad, and could cause depression or anxiety The brain has so many cells, which contain DNA, which has information to choose which genes are used. When we grow we create DNA, sometimes when you copy DNA it can cause gene mutation which can cause a rise in disabilities or disorders. There are many ways that a brain can change; these are only a few that I feel are important to the topic. The brain is very interesting, there are so many things going on at one time that the thoughts can change the way a certain part of the brain works is so

Posttraumatic stress disorder also most known at PTSD is what someone goes through after being in combat, assault, or disaster1. After the trauma someone people may have stress however, if it has been a long period of time that person may have PTSD. It is important to see a doctor if you feel you may be suffering from PTSD. Symptoms of Posttraumatic stress disorder could be distressed memories of the experience, increased jumpiness, or even troubled sleeping. There has been research that could help cease the symptoms of PTSD. There are ways to avoid re-experiencing symptoms such as, not visiting the places, events, or objects that would remind you of the experience, and feeling of strong guilt or depression. There is another symptom called

A key function of the amygdala is memory. Research confirms that due to the complexity of the human mind that often times memories and life experiences merge together as one, ergo creating a sense

Some professionals think that a common characteristic of many serial killers is schizophrenia, but the most common diagnosis among serial killers is Antisocial Personality Disorder. Borderline Personality Disorder is another psychological diagnosis of some killers. One thing everyone agrees on, though, is the shortage of empathy possessed by a serial killer. It has been noted that in the amygdala of a psychopath, stress often gets stuck in the high, off-the-charts range.

The amygdala has been the subject of many researchers’ curiosity throughout the history of neurological science and neuropsychology. Multiple studies have been successful in identifying the role of the amygdala in the human brain and it’s primary

The importance of the amygdala in social cognitions has been examined in both primate and human studies. Use of primates to study the social brain suggests that the amygdala contributes to social cognition. Kluver and Bucy made large bilateral lesions in monkey brains made across the amygdala, temporal neocortex, and surrounding structure. After the lesion, the animals engaged in hypersexual behaviors, unusual tameness, and a lack of knowledge about emotional stimuli. Lesions exclusively targeting the monkey’s amygdala resulted in similar, but more subtle impairments. This suggest that the amygdala may play a role in emotions elicited by social cues. Studies of the amygdala’s role in human social cognition suggest that the temporal lobes process socially relevant facial information from humans. Emotions from facial expressions, in particular fear are projected to the amygdala. Studies using FMRI to examine typical subjects and subjects with amygdala damage support this theory. Individuals with amygdala damage have difficulty recognizing facial expressions, specifically negative emotions such as fear.

In the limbic system, there are two almond shaped groups of amygdalae. The two amygdalae (left and right) together make up what we call the Amygdala. Amygdala in Greek means almond, hence corresponding the name with the shape. The amygdala’s right and left portions differ in specific processing. The left and right amygdalae also have different roles when it comes to the encoding of emotional memory for events. In humans the right amygdala is larger than the left (Murphy et al., 2009) this could contribute to the right hemisphere being more dominant for emotion. The amygdala can also differ according to sex. For example in both humans and rats, a male’s amygdala tends to be larger than a female. Nevertheless the two amygdalae work together in

While the entire central nervous system helps control our emotions, the limbic system and autonomic sensory system are particularly powerful influences on our emotional well being. The whole limbic system includes many parts like the hippocampus, hypothalamus and amygdala and is in charge of transferring information into memory which helps to control various emotions, sensations, thoughts, feelings, motives, actions, as well as memories. The endocrine and visceral reactions to our surroundings that we interact with on a daily bases. The hypothalamus is a very complex, minute neural structure in charge of numerous parts of our behavior, for example, the way we feel about certain things and what drives us to do things, and the way we react

The purpose of the present study is to evaluate how people with bilateral amygdala damage compare, in terms of both visual and physiological differences, when exposed to varying amounts of Carbon Dioxide gas. The researchers noted that they observed behavior changes, change in vital signs (such as heart rate, respiration rate, etc.) to compare panic levels in: people with no amygdala lesion, people with an amygdala lesion, and a comparison control group that was not exposed to panic-inducing stimuli. The researchers specifically chose individuals with amygdala damage/lesion(s), as prior research as indicated a correlation between the amygdala’s function and elicited anxiety, anger and/or panic. In an initial study, a comparison group exposed