Analyses of financial statements: University of Colorado and DeVry Inc.
Institution History
Recognized as being one of the top 34 degree-granting public research institutions that belongs to the prominent Association of American Universities, the University of Colorado (CU) prides itself on providing a lasting effect on its communities through “collaborative research, innovation and entrepreneurship” (para. 1). This university consists of a system of three other public, not-for-profit universities, which are the University of Colorado at Boulder, the University of Colorado Denver, and the University of Colorado at Colorado Springs.
Comparable to its counterpart, DeVry Inc. (DeVry) is a “global provider of educational services and one of
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In addition, the paper will discuss both institutions priorities and mission, financial health, and offer recommendations for bettering both institution’s strategic budget management.
Revenue Source and Expenditures
There are numerous amounts of revenue sources that are set to support private and public higher education institutions. However, the prominence and reliance on each cradle of fiscal support will vary between establishments; with the greatest variance being between private and public institutions. Public institutions such as the University of Colorado, bring in some of their revenue from state funded resources. In fact, the university showed a decrease in state funding for their 2010 fiscal year fee-for-service contracts of $51,802,000, as well as a decrease of $38,073,000 in stipends receives (). This decrease and lack of support of state funding eroded the university due to an increase in enrollment numbers for that year. Due to the decrease in state support, the university ended up being backfilled with stimulus funds offered to them by the federal government.
Generally, the revenue sources for higher education institutions will mostly consist of operating and non-operating revenue sources. By definition, non-operating income is generated by “the portion of an organizations income that is derived from activities or sources, not related to its core operations;” while operating income is generated by sources that are related to the
Comprehensive Annual Financial Report (CAFR) is a report used by cities, and local governments to provide the public with their financial records each year, while adhering to government accounting standards board (GASB) guidelines. The report presents a comprehensive picture of the reporting entity’s financial condition, it provides how funds are spent and allocated throughout the year.
Community colleges have roots dating back to the 1900’s and became more homogenous with the help of the 1960’s California Master Plan for Higher Education. In the past, community colleges were tuition-free or subsidized by local property taxes and state appropriations (Cohen, M. & Brawer, F. 2008). Currently, community college financing has been unpredictable “due to the discretionary nature of state support and the vagaries of funding initiatives” (Phelan, 2014, pg. 7). Nevertheless, colleges continue to be dependent on state appropriations and local property taxes as the primary source of revenue. Due to the instability associated with appropriations, community colleges must develop dynamic budgets that have the capacity to overcome fluctuations in revenue and enable the college to offer affordable access to higher education to its constituents.
The government uses taxes to subsidize universities and students. In order to achieve this, the government needs higher tax revenue to create money for subsidies.
Marketing. Because of the large number of suppliers selling similar products, apparel-retail firms must stimulate demand with attractive store layouts, colorful product offerings, and various sales promotions.
From inception, public institutions have been primarily funded by the state they reside in. In the last couple of decades state funding of higher education has dropped significantly, with a dramatic drop during the recession that started around 2008. The drop in funding has pushed an additional loan burden onto students, and has forced universities to re-evaluate and change how they operate. Aside from making cuts, universities have become more creative in generating different sources of revenue.
DeVry University is part of DeVry Education Group (DVG) and has been around since 1931, when the Institution of higher education first opened its doors. DeVry University, for more than 80 years has focused on providing hands-on education by preparing students to be innovative, keep up with the needs of the market, and to be a part of making a difference in the world. There are roughly 10,062 DeVry University employees ranging from Instructors, Professors, Student Finance Advisors, Admissions Advisors, Career Service Advisors, Registrars, Deans, Campus Presidents and many other positions to assist in the overall operations of the Institution. “The mission of DeVry University is to foster student learning through
The purpose of this paper is to advise analyze the financial statements of Dillard’s, Inc. in order to recommend whether or not my client should invest $1 million in the large retail company. I will compare the financial statements of Dillard’s, Inc. its competitor, Kohl’s Corporation. Investing in retail can be risky because a retail company’s performance is very heavily influenced by factors that have nothing to do with the actual company such as the overall performance of the economy or the weather during the holiday shopping season. There is, however, potential for profitability within the retail sector. Based on my analysis, I recommend that the client should not invest in Dillard’s, Inc. for the following reasons. First, Dillard’s has experience a decline in net income in the last three years. Second, liquidity ratios indicate that they could face possible liquidity constraints in the future. Third, long-term debt paying ability ratios indicate that the company could have trouble paying off the principal of its current debt obligations. Fourth, the profitability ratios are well below industry averages, suggesting that there are more profitable companies to invest in within the industry. And finally, Investor analysis ratios provide mixed opinion of the future performance of the company. I conclude that retail can be a profitable industry to invest in if an investor has the risk tolerance and risk capacity to withstand the uncertainty, but neither Dillard’s
This University of North Carolina at Charlotte now now, referred to as UNC Charlotte now now, UNCC, along with Charlotte now now, can be a community query university seen in Charlotte now now, Idaho, U . s. UNC Charlotte now now provides 21 years of age years doctoral, sixty-four master's, in addition to ninety days higher education level software programs due to several educational companies: this teachers with regards to Martial arts + Industrial competence, this teachers with regards to Open-handed Martial arts & Sciences, the particular Belk University or college with regards to Organization, this teachers with regards to Figuring out in addition to Informatics, this teachers with regards to Training, the particular Payment Says Animal shelter University or college with regards to Pattern, this teachers with regards to Health insurance in addition to Human Services, the particular Persistently boosts University
State funding is funding provided by the State or a state, especially for a particular project or service. Some 46 percent of K-12 spending nationally comes from state funds. Cuts at the state level force local school districts to scale back educational services, raise more local revenue to cover the gap or both.Most states provide less support per student for elementary and secondary schools in some cases, much less than before the Great Depression, our survey of state budget documents over the last three months finds. Worse, some states are still cutting eight years after the recession took hold. At least 31 states provided less state funding per student in the 2014 school year than in the 2008 school year, before the recession took hold. In at least 15 states, the cuts exceeded 10 percent. A few of the reasons why states have cut funding so deeply is because they have been getting weak revenues so they have been increasing the cost. State policy choices have also differed. As well as the reliance on spending cuts to close budget shortfalls and enactment of recent tax cuts. State revenues have improved lately but not enough to keep pace
With this being said, higher education accounts for approximately 18.1% of the total state budget and 8.2% of the general fund. Unfortunately this is still far below the “maintenance level” that is required for the universities to provide the same level of service as they did the year before. A maintenance-level budget includes cost increases over which the institutions have no control, such as negotiated wage and benefit agreements, inflation in the cost of goods and services, and increased energy costs. In
Looking more closely at a university stand-point, revenue produced from a non-exempt purpose is subject to potential taxation from the unrelated business income. With the formal definition in place, the following will provide a few specific examples of regular activities that universities participate in that may or may not qualify as unrelated business income:
The financial statement of the University of Virginia divides the pension plan into diverse categories. The categories are made up of the retirement plans, the Supplemented Retirement Income plans, and the deferred compensation plans. The Employees of the University are considered to be employees of the commonwealth. Considerably, the entire stable full-time ordered salaried workers participate in a definite pension plan managed by the Virginia Retirement System (VRS). Data regarding the plan are always availed at the statewide stage solely in the Commonwealth of Virginia’s Comprehensive Annual Financial Report (CAFR). The Commonwealth, and not the University, has the full duty of contributing to the plan.
State contributions to the 2009-10 operating budget declined by $189 million at UCLA, $109 million at University of Florida, $99 million at University of Washington, and $63 million at Louisiana State University (LSU), according to a Nov.1, 2009, New York Times article by Paul Fain. The percentage decline was equally significant, ranging from 33 percent at UCLA to 27 percent at LSU. (24)
There a number of major names within the educational industry, but it is the for-profit schools that have seen a number of great changes and divides within their respective sector. The two companies evaluated here are Apollo Group Inc. and Career College Corporation, both of which have faced some serious criticism and scrutiny because of their for-profit business model and practices. Yet, Career Education Corporation has proven to remain a less productive organization, one which has seen losses in both its financial performance and consumer reputation.
These are strike years so we will ignore them. In 1994, ROE is less than that of last three years. Overall its not good sign, but its explanation will be given in upcoming ratios.