At its core, art is about creatively expressing ideas that otherwise could not be expressed. To do so properly, an artist must be able to think differently from the common human being. In some cases, these different ways of thinking stem from mental illness. Three examples of such artists are Richard Dadd, a 19th century English painter, Jacks McNamara, the subject of the documentary Crooked Beauty, and the narrator of The Yellow Wallpaper. For all three of them, their insanity did not hinder their ability to succeed artistically. Instead, it gave a deeper context to the brilliant works that they produced. In order to understand how insanity affected these artists’ works, the ways they developed it must first be examined. The first signs …show more content…
Before his incarceration, Richard Dadd was already considered a brilliant young artist. However, his forty-two years in multiple mental institutions led to him producing arguably his most famous works. His paintings were extremely detailed, often portraying scenes rooted in fantasy, which opened a corridor into his various struggles, including schizophrenia and manic depression. He was referred to as a calm patient during his time as a patient, correlating directly with his evolution as an artist. Though it was forbidden for her, the narrator from The Yellow Wallpaper used her writing as a means of venting negative emotions caused by her mental illness and her surroundings. All of the people around her denied her condition, thus making her writing the only real validation for her own mental state. She would write about her time in the mansion, including an infatuation with the wallpaper in the room, seemingly as a means of expressing what she could otherwise not express, which was a calming mechanism of sorts for her. When she was not able to write, she would delve further into insanity, thus further proving the impact that her writing had on her shifting mental condition. Jacks McNamara used her art as a means of therapeutic expression in the same way as both the narrator and Dadd. The way she processed the world around her meant that she would notice every minute detail in her surroundings, and she needed something that she could use in order to calm her surroundings in her mind. Her writing and painting was able to accomplish this, and with time, she was able to understand and embrace the world in which she was living. The art that her and the other two created was able to make sense out of what were considered to be abnormal mental
Hamm and Clov seem entirely like the madman depicted here, and Hamm’s suggestion that the condition is typical says that Hamm and Clov are experiencing this psychosis. Clov sees the same nothingness when he looks out of the window, declaring everything to be “corpsed” (Endgame 2469). Beckett also deliberately associates psychosis with art: the madman was "a painter—and engraver" (Engame 2474). This suggests that in the context of conflict in the post-war world, a “desert” (Engame 2467) of creativity amongst artists is especially dangerous, because we fail to recover and reconstruct a new world with some meaning.
The vivid descriptions in “The Yellow Wallpaper” help to bring the reader along in the narrators decent into a kind of psychosis. It starts mildly, with her describing the color of wallpaper as “repellant, almost revolting; a smoldering unclean yellow” (Gilman 528). As more time passes she begins to see more things in the paper such as “a recurrent spot where the pattern lolls like a broken neck and two bulbous eyes start at you,” and for it have “so much expression in an inanimate thing” (Gilman 592). As the pattern and descriptions get more twisted, we get visual clues of the madness that is slowly consuming the narrator. The color of the paper even begins to become a physical thing she can smell descried as, “creep[ing] all over the house...sulking...hiding...lying in wait for me…It gets into my hair” (Gilman 534). In the end we get a graphic visual representation of her full psychosis
In The Yellow Wallpaper, Charlotte Perkins describes the story of a woman suffering from a mental illness during the 19th century. The protagonist (an unknown narrator) is a wife and mother suffering from postpartum depression. Her husband John, who is also her doctor, diagnosed her with hysteria and he decided to move away with her to start a “rest cure,” at a mansion, isolated from the village. The narrator was powerless against her husband, and he had the authority of determining what she does, who she sees, and where she goes while she recovers from her illness. Throughout the story, the author used stylistic elements, such as strong symbolism, to show how the mental state of the narrator slowly deteriorates and ends
In the early nineteenth century, mental illness was a mysterious and confusing disease to the general public. Charlotte Perkins Gilman's "The Yellow Wallpaper" and Roald Dahl's "Lamb to the Slaughter" are both short stories that include deranged women. Mary Maloney, the main character of "Lamb to the Slaughter," and Jane, the main character of "The Yellow Wallpaper," both experience a type of mental illness. The two characters' mental illnesses seem to be influenced by the actions and words of their husbands. Mary seems to be relatively normal at first, but after her husband, Patrick, tells her some seemingly upsetting news, Mary is overtaken by her insanity. Jane, on the other hand, has already been diagnosed with her illness at the beginning of the story, and it continues to worsen due to her husband, John's, orders. Mary and Jane's conditions of insanity occur as a result of the environment in which they live and because of the breaking points they reach at the hands of their husbands.
The narrator feels very imprisoned in the house and tries to find a way to escape it. During the narrator’s rest cure treatment, she has attached herself to the wallpaper: She would “lay there for hours trying to decide whether that front pattern and the back pattern really did move together or separately”(260-261). This was the narrator’s way of escaping the oppression she was in. The wallpaper often seemed confusing to her, but she was determined to figure it out: “I am determined that nobody shall find it out but myself”(301-302), everytime John takes of her illness lightly, her interest in the wallpaper grows. This is a direct reflection of her loneliness and isolation from her treatment. The speaker’s rest cure treatment directed her not to do any activities that would make her think intellectually or imaginatively, so she is forced to stay isolated from people, books, and chores. However, as her loneliness grows intensely, she finds relief in writing, something she was told not to do. The narrator would often have to hide the fact that she writes when nobody's around, and when someone comes while she is writing she records “I must not let [them] find me writing”(141-142). The oppression the narrator has been put through has made her stronger mentally, she starts to become more and more possessive of the wallpaper and tries
Throughout the story “The Yellow Wallpaper,” the narrator of the story displays signs of depression. The narrator of the story was brought to an old colonial mansion that has been untenanted for a long while by her husband John, who believed that she had a nervous condition. On the walls in the nursery of the house, there was yellow wallpaper that, according to the narrator, was horrific. After staying in the house a while, the narrator began to become obsessed with the wallpaper, and she would use some bizarre language to describe the sight. When the narrator describes the wallpaper you can tell that there is a something deeper that’s wrong other than just a nervous condition: “There is a recurrent spot where the pattern lolls like a broken
In "The Yellow Wallpaper," Charlotte Perkins Gilman presents the narrator, being the main character, as an ill woman. However, she is not ill physically. She is ill in her mind. More than any chemical imbalance that may be present; the narrator's environment is what causes her to go mad.
“The Yellow Wallpaper” is the story of a woman descending into psychosis in a creepy tale which depicts the harm of an old therapy called “rest cure.” This therapy was used to treat women who had “slight hysterical tendencies” and depression, and basically it consisted of the inhibition of the mental processes. The label “slight hysterical tendency” indicates that it is not seen as a very important issue, and it is taken rather lightly. It is also ironic because her illness is obviously not “slight” by any means, especially towards the end when the images painted of her are reminiscent of a psychotic, maniacal person, while she aggressively tears off wallpaper and confuses the real world with her alternative world she has
“The Yellow Wallpaper” tells of the journey into insanity (brought on by postpartum depression?) of a physician’s wife. Persuaded by her husband that there is nothing wrong with her, only temporary nervous depression, a diagnosis that is confirmed by her brother( Gilman, 647). What is telling is that she suspects perhaps her husband John is the reason she does not get well faster. She and/or we are led to believe that they have rented a colonial mansion for the summer for her to get well. She is however isolated in a home three miles from the village and on an island. (Gilman, 648). She wants to stay in the downstairs room with roses and pretty things, but her husband insists on the room at the top of the house ostensibly because it has room for two beds. But the room’s description of barred windows and walls with rings and things in them (Gilman, 648) could leads the reader one to conclude that this is his own private asylum, and not “a nursery first and then a playroom and gymnasium” (Gilman, 648) as the woman believes. It is this room, and more precisely the wallpaper in the room
As the protagonist suffers from her “nervous condition”, the isolated environment causes her to only get worse. Being trapped in the bedroom with yellow wallpaper contributes her emotional distress to become overpowering. The inability to verbally express her feelings of loneliness causes her to write in a more creative way about her relationships with objects in the room, specifically the yellow wallpaper. She begins to write about the yellow wallpaper as if it is suppose to have some sort of significance, in which it does. In the beginning of the narrator’s isolation, her attention is focused on the details of the yellow wallpaper’s pattern that are “dull enough to confused the eye in following, pronounced enough constantly to irritate and provoke study” (438). The wallpaper’s characteristics become hard to
In “The Yellow Wallpaper,” Charlotte Perkins Gilman uses symbols to portray recovery from the depth of mental illness. The main character, Jane, struggles throughout the story with severe depression. She is constantly haunted by the room she has to occupy during her stay. Yet despite it all, Jane sets herself free from her illness’s grasp. Gilman employs the symbols of the yellow wallpaper, the ripping of the yellow wallpaper, and the beautiful door to depict Jane’s journey out of her depression.
“The Yellow Wallpaper” provides an insight into the life of the narrator- a woman suppressed and unable to express herself because of her controlling husband- leading the reader down her fall to insanity, allowing for her inner conflict to be clearly expressed. The first person point of the view the author artfully uses and the symbolism present with the wallpaper cleverly depicts the inner conflict of the narrator, losing her own sanity due to the constraints of her current life. However, while it seems that the narrator in “ The Yellow Wallpaper” succumbed to her own insanity, the endless conflict within herself and her downward spiral to insanity is seen through a different light, as an inevitable path rather than a choice taken as the story develops.
In the article “‘Too Terribly Good to Be Printed’: Charlotte Gilman’s ‘The Yellow Wallpaper,’” Conrad Shumaker explains the genius of “The Yellow Wallpaper” and how its themes reflect the patriarchal society of the time period. Shumaker identifies one theme as the detriment of suppressing the narrator’s sense of self and that “by trying to ignore and repress her imagination, in short, John eventually brings about the very circumstance he wants to prevent” (590). John confines his wife in a yellow “nursery” in order to “cure” her of her illness, banning her from writing and discouraging her imagination. His plan backfires when her mind, unable to find a proper outlet, latches onto the yellow wallpaper that eventually drives her to madness. Another theme that Shumaker points out is that the dynamic of a domineering husband and an obedient wife is a cage that the narrator is desperately trying to free herself from. John constantly dismisses the narrator’s opinions and thoughts and insists that he knows what is best for her. Shumaker points out that the husband, a representation of the patriarchal society, is clearly depicted as the villain and that he “attempts to ‘cure’ her through purely physical means, only to find he has destroyed her in the process” (592). At the end of the story, because of her confinement and inability to express herself, the narrator fully descends into insanity, “escaping” the
A creak from a distant floor board echoed from across the asylum’s hall. The setting was engulfed in darkness with no trace of light or the warmth embrace of a flickering light bulb to serve as a haven to this living nightmare... A living nightmare. No three words could best describe the playground of ingenious maniacs that sparked the Romanticist movement. A movement in which maniacs, psychopaths and enthusiasts of all kinds had dared to translate their demented reveries into brush strokes and pages of surrealistic art. Henry Fuseli, one such maniac with a passion, explored for the “black rose” of humanity’s horrors and provoked humanity with the sublimity of his canvases. His scope of horror and fear was limitless, and all with one goal,
The surrealist artists believed the dream state and subconscious mind to be an untapped and very fertile creative fount of inspiration. The symbolism of dreams and the expressive images generated by the subconscious were far more thought provoking than the representational, logical images of the conscious mind. The surrealist artists were creating art out of what others thought to be garbled and unintelligible. They were in effect taking a concept created to heal and using it to create art instead. They were on to something with this. No matter what the medium or the style used, a bit of the self becomes visible and evident in the result. Art therapy is one of the modern descendants of this movement.