Many people have written articles about their experience with athletics, especially with high school and college-level athletics. Because athletics are so often intertwined with these formative moments in one’s life, as well as with normative ideals of masculinity, they are ideal contexts in which to write about gender identity. Thomas Rogers’ essay “The College Hazing that Changed My Life,” originally published on Salon.com in 2011, and Joe Mackall’s essay “Words of my Youth” both deal with athletics as a way into discussing gender identity. Although the essays are very different, they both deal with a very similar theme: how difficult it is to develop a masculine identity, particularly within a sporting context, in a world that is increasingly accepting of different gender identities. Thomas Rogers’s essay deals with the struggles he felt about his identity as a gay man and how it intersected with his identity as an athlete, albeit one who was less innately talented than his older sister. Upon arriving in college, he makes a difficult decision: ultimately, he chooses to quit the rowing team after a particularly humiliating and homoerotic hazing incident involving oil. “They had …show more content…
For Rogers, the awakening is that he does not want to be part of that team, so to speak, and that he is perfectly okay with not being accepted as normal. He chooses, after the humiliating oil-wrestling incident, to seek out people who share his interests and values, rather than pursuing athletics as a means of proving to himself and to his family that he is a superior and hyper masculine athlete. Unlike his teammates, whose sexual bravado is tied up in myths and likely lies about orgies and so on, Rogers is actually quite comfortable with who he is – especially when he lets go of the illusion of
The memoir “The College Hazing That Changed My Life” written by Thomas Rogers, is about a freshman in college who experience hazing in a rowing team until they received an eye-opening revelation. Hazing is a major problem throughout the world, a tradition that embarrasses or shame a group of fresh participant to a particular group. A tradition that can be “traced back to the Europe in the Middle Ages where it was known as pennalism” (History – StopHazing). In the first paragraph, it states an important fact about the author that is a repetitious word throughout the memoir, it states that he is a homoerotic male during the time of the hazing. The memoir describes how spiteful and futile hazing is, and it’s often only used to target freshman with superiority.
Title IX is a federal law passed in 1972 guaranteeing girls and women access to equal sports opportunites as boys and men. Title IX in athletics is a very controversial issue that has opened up the world of athletics for millions of women all across the United States. Although it is a win for women athletes, it has created an issue for male athletic programs sufforing from the effects of Title IX. This literary review shows the phenomenon of Title IX and how it affects participation in female sports. It shows the contriversy of Title IX opening doors for female athletes and “closing” doors for male athletes. It also explores the discrimination still in affect towards women in all sports. It also explores the issues Title IX rasies in both male and female sports.
The article looks to shed light on the concept of male participation in sports, particularly heavy contact sports, and its relationship or influential nature in developing a male identity or a masculinity dependant on sport.
The Black female student-athlete body is a topic of great interest with little research in athletic administration. In explorations of women and how they view their bodies, and the bodies of others, based on visual frames in the media and advertising, the research either inaccurately represents Black females, or fails to include their unique experiences into the discussion. Meager research on Black female student-athletes creates a problem when trying to draw accurate conclusions. This paper explores the sexualized visual framing of Black female athletes, how they are invisible and hyper visible, and the knowledge gap that exists regarding Black female student- athletes unique experiences. (Cranmer, Harris, & Lancaster, 2006; Mowatt, French,
Hazing has been around for a while and it seems as if it won’t go away anytime soon. Hazing is defined as “any assumption of authority by a student whereby another student suffers or is exposed to any cruelty, intimidation, humiliation, embarrassment, hardship or oppression or is required to perform exercises to excess, to become sleep deprived, to commit dangerous activities, to curry favor from those in power, to submit to physical assaults, to consume offensive foods or alcohol, the threat of bodily harm or death, or the deprivation or abridgement of any right”(Schneider,2009,p194). Hazing is usually a ritual that sororities & fraternities and sports teams have in place to initiate newcomers. The “Hazing Prohibition Act of 2003” was put in place to prevent harsh hazing antics that was created as a way to see who would be the weakest link and be cut from the team. While some healthy competitions are welcomed, going beyond the line where someone feels uncomfortable is a step too far.
Coming to terms with it is almost harder than being accepted for it. A popular topic among the media, the LGBT+ community is gaining more and more rights as time goes by. About this topic, Irving says “When I was a boy, I imagined having sex with my friends’ mothers, with girls my own age--yes, even with certain older boys among my wrestling teammates. It turned out that I liked girls, but the memory of my attractions to the “wrong” people never left me. What I’m saying is that the impulse to bisexuality was very strong; my earliest sexual experiences--more important, my earliest sexual imaginings--taught me that sexual desire is mutable. In fact, in my case--at a most formative age--sexual mutability was the norm. What made me a writer was definitely a combination of what I read and what I imagined--especially, what I imagined sexually.” (An exclusive essay on Amazon). Irving doesn’t want people to think this book is about his son, because it’s not. He doesn’t want to forget his young self, but make experiences for others with
Within the non-fictitious text of the documentary film The Hunting Ground, viewers witness an exploration of the issues, discourses, and institutional responses –or lack thereof- surrounding on-campus rape in American college and universities. Indeed, a large portion of the filmic text dedicates itself to exploring the overrepresentation of university athletes in perpetuating crimes of rape, sexual violence, and sexual assault against female students. Furthermore, the film seeks to delineate the ways via which university athletes are accorded an equal disproportionate level of leigh way when it comes to institutional responses, and public discourse surrounding crimes of rape and sexual violence. These discourses and institutional non-responses will serve as the starting point for this essay, Indeed, whilst most cases of rape -regardless of the perpetrator’s profession- still largely end in victim-blaming, cases of rape and sexual violence where the perpetrator is a professional and/or a university athlete produce a very nuanced and complex set of discourses. This paper will explore how these discourses, in and of themselves, are generated in a manner that circumscribe experiences of embodied masculinized athletic subjectivity vis-à-vis the rejection, perpetration, and penetration of that which is feminine or feminized.
The sounds of yelling and playful banter resonate throughout the locker room after practice. While the locker room has always exhibited a rowdy climate, today’s locker room is a little different than in the past. Across almost every college and university campus in the United States, students suffer from the effects of “gendering” both in their private realm and within the school’s institutions. In the case of Oxy, the concept of gender as a set of solidified roles has been largely eradicated. However, while the freedom of gender choice remains at the core of Occidental’s values, we continue to see some rigid gender differences and boundaries in realm of athletics, which in itself is an institution. Athletics does not perpetuate differences
The issue of sexuality in sports is highly complex and controversial. Through queer theory, it enables one to challenge traditional and heteronormative assumptions regarding gender and sexuality by reconstructing labels used for sexual identification, emphasizing both physical and mental strength and skill among British male university students and rejecting the notion of stable sex and that subject’s positions as disciplined constructions of identity in sporting environments such as post-secondary youth sporting teams. This paper will explore that through the use of queer theory, one can challenge heteronormative assumptions through post-secondary sporting teams by reconstructing terms for “gay” and “lesbian” sexual identities among youth athletes. Furthermore, through rejecting and critiquing the traditional female roles that young female athletes are assumed to be the “female apologetic” we are disrupting the boundaries between men and women. Finally, focusing on using queer theory to conceptualize hegemonic masculinity in British male university sporting teams offers positive aspects of sporting masculinities such as both physical and mental strength and skill among these various British male university students. This is useful in challenging the aggression, and homophobia, and sexism that is inherent in some sportsmen’s view
Robert Lipsyte narrates his coaches’ remarks with regard to the different kinds of men within the campus. His coach, Bill Stowe lamented that there are only two kinds of men on the campus, the Jocks and Pukes. He gave the qualities of jocks to be manly, goal driven, brave, focused and patriotic. On the other hand, pukes were rather girlish, distractible, unsure and wooly. The article continues to explain the myths of virility and the power pervade in sports, and then why those myths are inescapable in everyday life. In this article, Robert uses three of the rhetorical elements: informal language, quotes and similes.
Hazing is defined as “any activity expected of someone joining or participating in a group that humiliates, degrades, abuses, or endangers them, regardless of a person’s willingness to participate” (Chaney). It is a ritual on many college campuses, especially in Greek life, forcing the students to do acts like, binge drinking, humiliation, sexual acts, and more. It is a very dangerous act that could include traumatic injuries like beating, drowning, and could even result in death on the student being hazed. Hazing is a growing problem here at The University of Alabama and at other college campus’s around the nation and there needs to be changes presented to cut out these dangerous practices. For this act to be stopped students, administration, and even parents must take steps to eliminating hazing on campus.
Sykes and McPhail argue that in physical education, the usual focus on physical skills may be accompanied by latent messages about sexuality and gender. They argue that physical education typically presumes heteronormativity. For male students in particular, certain assumptions about masculinity. In their study, the construction of masculinity includes the persecution of the feminine, aggression, rough-housing, and injury.
Women are empowered, encouraged and even pressured into being involved in a sport or some type of fitness activities today; however, it hasn’t always been that way (Cahn 278). In the 1920s, also known as the “golden age” of sports, women and young girls faced obstacles such as rejection, gender discrimination, and stereotypes when showing interest in sports or fitness activities. One famous author named Susan Cahn, wrote a book called Coming on Strong: Gender and Sexuality in Twentieth-Century Women’s Sports, and focuses on the decades between the 1920s and the 1960s. For most of the 19th century, females were accused of causing a great deal of danger to the moral and physical areas of masculinity. Through the research of multiple different aspects, such as media, appearance, and gender roles, Cahn puts together an idea and theme that athleticism is seen as a masculine trait because it was once constructed by society itself; which fortunately for the women, that idea can be changed. In the later centuries, Cahn writes about the progress of woman 's appearance in sports, however then describes the difference in respect, attention throughout media, opportunities and wages between men and women. Through both primary sources such as newspapers, interviews, and journals, as well as secondary sources like relevant literature, Cahn writes her book in a historical non-fiction genre. After reading Coming on Strong: Gender and Sexuality in Twentieth-Century Women’s Sports by Susan
I was surprised by how the socialization and rhetoric of boys not being emotional alters the expectations in educational settings. Good grades are less of a priority than athleticism, which causes coaches to have a unique role and influence. The language used in these settings are often homophobic and concerned with being a “real man,” when what is considered manly and accepted is very narrow. Furthermore, the competitive nature of sports promotes hypermasculinity and violence. I did not know that a lack of expectation for academic excellence in boys was present at times, let alone the role that it plays in reinforcing societal expectations of masculinity.
Hazing has become a very popular in teens and young adults in colleges and sport activities in recent years. Hazing is the practice of rituals and other activities involving harassment, abuse or humiliation used as a way of initiating a person into a group (hazingprevention.org). Hazing occurs in athletics and Greek-letter organizations, and includes behaviors that are abusive, dangerous, and potentially illegal (hazingprevention.org). Many people think that hazing is just playing harmless pranks among new members of teams and fraternities/sororities groups bring them closer together but, it puts person being hazed in great physical and mental danger (greeks.cofc.edu). Hazing endangers the physical safety of a person, produces mental and physical discomfort, and causes fright, humiliation, and degrades an individual, society needs to learn about hazing and stop it from happening.