Andie Galante: Growth In Space

Humans have dreamed of leaving the earth and traveling space for many years, and up to this day they have taken many steps in the right direction. Yet, with every new frontier they approach, new problems loom over the horizon. Some of these problems arise right here on Earth. Some of the issues have been resolved, such as escaping the forces of gravity to reach outer space. Most of the problems are far more arduous and the solutions need more time to be worked out properly. In “The Coming Schism” by James E. and Alcestis R. Oberg, they posit that humans can colonize space. Humans need to buckle up and build the technology which will help to solve problems that would arise to

Space exploration needs to start happening again because the US is starting to fall behind other countries such as Russia and India. Neil Degrasse Tyson says in his book, Space Chronicles: Facing the Ultimate Frontier, “The Soviets sent the first multi-person crew and the first international crew into orbit. They made the first spacewalk, launched the first space station, and were the first to put a manned space station into long-term orbit” (Tyson 122). The Soviets beat the US to everything other than the moon. The Space Race was a competition between mainly the US and Russia. Neil Degrasse Tyson says in his book, Space Chronicles: Facing the Ultimate Frontier, “the USSR held that high ground until 1969, when, courtesy of von Braun and colleagues,

the stars! That would be incredible! I feel that civilians should travel in space because it could help research and give privileges. If you don't think so you should read this.

ADVASC was performed over several International Space Station (ISS) expeditions, growing two generations of Arabidopsis thaliana (rapidly growing, flowering plant in the mustard family that has been grown on many space missions), and soybean plants, from seed to seed in space using the ADVASC payload, an autonomously operated plant growth unit. The ability to grow plants from seeds through several generations has proven to be challenging in space and is critical in developing hardware and operational concepts to take human explorers farther beyond low-Earth orbit

I have recently read the two texts “A Success in Space”, and “Americas New Spacecraft”. They both talk about space and spacecraft. Although, one text has more successful points and strategies than the other. In the excerpt “A Success in Space “it talks about how a small probe helped scientists take a huge leap forward in space exploration , on the other hand the other excerpt “ Americas New Spacecraft” talks about a spacecraft launching into the air to discover critical data for future mission crews.

Hats off to Scott Kelly! The NASA astronaut has successfully grown the first flower in space after the zinnia plants almost died. In the late last year, astronauts noticed symptoms of extremely high humidity and limited air flow after a mere two weeks they started growing zinnias. The seed containers leaked water and the leaves became curled and bent unnaturally. However, things got matured when some of the plants grew mold around the Christmas time.

On October 4th, 1957 the simple action of launching a beachball-sized hunk of metal into our orbit, reshaped the lives of people in the United States and across the world for the next years to come. This small ball of metal was Sputnik, a Soviet satellite with a radio transmitter inside letting out a small “beeping” sound. This object, as unsophisticated as it was, had the power to set the entire country into panic. To US officials this action not only made it clear that the Soviet superpower of Russia was more technologically advanced, but for all we knew they could be putting nuclear warfare into space. To the US this thought was unbearable, and because of this it would go on to set off a race of the century, the Space Race. A race to put technology into space, a race that would change American life at home and in foreign policy. From changes within the school system, to the Red Scare, life would be changed drastically in the years to come, not only in the U.S, but in Russia as well.

In the initial experiment, NASA used the Veg-01 to study how naturally grown veggies would work in orbit. Planting the seeds in “pillows”, the scientists then began to study the performance of the plant growth facility back in May 2014.

On October 4, 1957 the Soviet Union launched the first satellite into space called, “Sputnik”. It was the start of one of the biggest races in the world called “The Space Race”. But it isn’t the start of the race that is questionable but the very end. On July 19, 1969 the United States supposedly landed 3 men on the moon. More than a billion people around the globe watched this event occur on their television sets as Neil Armstrong said “That’s one small step for man, and one giant leap for mankind.” But was it really a giant leap for mankind? Or was it one of the ways the U.S tried to fool us into believing they really did land on the moon? The Space Race wasn’t only about being the first to land on the moon but would also be a major sign of dominance over the Soviet Union during the Cold War. Many believe the U.S was not capable of accomplishing this so they had no choice but to fool the world into believe they landed on the moon and won the Space Race.

Sylvia Engdahl, in her book series Americans at War, relayed that during the landing of Apollo 11 on the lunar surface, the television broadcast of the event was “beamed to an estimated 600 million people in thirty-three countries on six continents” (182). Considering that this vast group of people, largely comprised of Americans, was tuned into this monumental event proves that the space race was captivating for its audience and the subject of utmost public attention. For Americans, the space race was a basis from which new technological developments would soon proliferate, and it served as an arena for cold war competition between the United States and the Soviet Union. Consequently, when it came to innovative advancements in the US’ progress

1. Plants come in all different shapes, sizes, and colors. Being brought up around plants I've always felt at home when there are planets around. I’ve been exploring nature and discovering different types of plants that I didn’t know about almost my entire life. That is why I would like to pursue a career in botany.

The concept of space exploration was first introduced to the American public in 1961 when President John F. Kennedy famously stood before congress and vowed that America would put a man on the moon “within the decade.” With hopes of defeating the Soviet Union in the “Space Race” and gaining a leg-up in the Cold War, NASA funding reached its all-time high in 1965-1966 when about four percent of the federal budget was devoted to exploring space. Since then however, funding dedicated to exploring space has nose-dived to about one-half of a percent of the federal budget (Tyson), with plans to cut that figure by an additional $260 million in 2017 (cite NASA funding cuts). Experts in the space-sciences field argue that increased funding in space exploration would re-ignite the American economy and return America to the scientific prominence it was once known for, while, on the other end of the spectrum, naysayers suggest that exploring space is an economic sink-hole that the United States can no longer afford to deposit to given its own earth-bound troubles.

In first grade, I was told that a plant will grow from a little bean if you give it nutrients, water and sunlight. I just smiled and grew my plant. In fifth grade I was told that a plant leans toward the sun because it receives food by something called, “photosynthesis”. Then I start to question. What is this photosynthesis? Why did it happen? Why can’t humans stand in the sun and feel fully nourished? Couldn’t this stop human hunger? Then in ninth grade, I was explained the evolution of plants, the genetic modifications and basic structure, And I questioned further. Why can’t we modify plants to move? Why do Sequoia trees survive longer than strawberry bushes? I questioned and questioned as I realized that I knew so little. I walk into AP

The Space Race was a competition between the Soviet Union and the United States for supremacy in space. From 1955 until 1975, both sides battled it out to be the leader in the competition. Fueled by the Cold War and other causes of the beginning of the race, the Soviet Union and the United States fought for authority in a very public manner through the media. There were many achievements at this time and it led the way for many great things to come afterwards.

South Africa can be considered the pioneer of space research in Africa. According to Dr. Peter Martinez, of the South African Council for Space Affairs, South African Astronomical Observatory was established in 1820 it used astro-photography to capture the first measurement to the nearest star. Other projects that emerged from South Africa space inquisitions were project Moonwatch which resulted in observations of satellite transits. South Africa collaborated with National Aeronautics Space Administration (NASA) in 1961 to establish deep space station 51 that provided ground support to Mariner IV (fly by to Venus), Pioneer 8 (interplanetary weather satellite) and analysis of soil samples returned by the Apollo satellite. Moreover, South Africa serves as the African continent premier space geodetic facility using Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI), satellite laser ranging, Global Positioning System (GPS), Tracking, Telemetry and Command (TT&C). Moreover, South Africa hosts the national earth observation archive and disaster management centers that support the country and its neighbors. South Africa launched its first satellite in 1999 named Sunsat, followed by another Satellite Sumbanila in 2009; the latter project was fully managed by South Africans and created a large awareness of space technology throughout the nation (Ghadaki, 2010).