Anti-Rationalism : John Cage's Anti-Rationalism

I found this piece very interesting; it tells a clear story, and has a dissonant accompanist which makes it sound stylistically similar to the music of musical theatre.

composer Philip Glass' score to aid what's being shown on screen and provide meaning to what's

The abundance of harmonies never loses the thread to his audience. Furthermore, the opening of the slow movement inspires the imagination and attention of its listeners. All these elements make this piece one of the most successful concertos in the musical history.

Through the use of techniques and themes, a composer is able to create distinctively visual images when describing the setting and characters in detail which help us to understand and form meaning of what the composer is trying to convey in their texts. The use of techniques such as body language, symbolism, lighting, music and photographic background slides create distinctively visual images same with themes that are being used within the texts such as truth which is evident in the dramatic text ‘The Shoe-Horn Sonata’ by John Misto, the song ‘Lose Yourself’ sang by Eminem, and the film ‘The Eye’ directed by David Moreau and Xavier Palud featuring Jessica Alba. These three texts demonstrate how the responders are impacted and what is

is the most living influential postwar American artist moved beyond Abstract Expressionism toward Minimalism. He believes into shapes possibilities to be able to give you narrative sentence.

“Minimal art is characterized by its simplicity in both form and content, where personal expression is removed in order to achieve this. The intention of minimalist artists is to allow the audience to view a composition more intensely because the distractions of theme etc. have been removed”. Minimalism can be detected as early as the 18th century where the artist Goethe constructed an Alatar of Good Fortune that consisted of a stone sphere and a cube. In addition, in the 1920’s artists such as Malevich and Duchamp created works that suggested at minimalist intentions. “The Minimalist movement is similar to Conceptual Art in that the outcome is used to express a theory. Minimalism is

Einstein on the Beach is a very unique collection of pieces. The music in this piece is very modern and somewhat off putting. Phillip Glass was interested in repeating notes and sounds. In Einstein on the Beach, this is no exception. The music is constantly repeating and elements of the choreography are repeating. Each element of the piece is paired with extremely modern choreography. There is spoken word in this piece, which is unusual compared to the other composers we have listened to. The spoken word did not make a lot of sense. The

Abstract Expressionism began in the 1940s and the 1950s in New York after World War II from the ideas of Surrealism about art that looks to examining the unconscious mind, and the feelings people hold that makes us all humans. Through the discussion of Autumn Rhythm (Number 30) by Jackson Pollock, I will define Abstract Expression and why this work is part of this movement. Then, through the discussion of Canyon by Robert Rauschenberg, Target with Plaster Casts by Jasper Johns, and Marilyn Diptych by Andy Warhol, I will explain Assemblage and Pop Art and why each of these works belong to those movements.

Philip Glass' composed an opera named Knee Play 1 from Einstein on the Beach. This opera was composed in the U.S. in 1976. This is a plotless opera built around a series of recurring images. Also given its name, a character

Who is the composer (full name and dates)? List three points about his life and environment.

Steve Reich is a great American composer, who is dominated in Minimalist Music. Music as a Gradual Process,

Garland argues that modern living and our adaptations to it are creating a world where

Phillip Glass is a unique artist with different musical influences that drove him to create pieces for orchestras, operas, chamber ensembles, film scores, and commercial music. All his pieces, especially Koyanisqatsi and Einstein on the Beach are built with the repetition of a couple notes. Glass becomes obsessive over these repetitions and they began his staple. Glass’ music is highly relatable and may be familiar, but that is not due to his use of repetition. Unlike many of the composers who influenced his work, and other present-day composers, Glass created a style of repetition unlike any other composer. U, Glass may change a single note, which would sound similar to the original repetition, but it creates more layers.

Minimalistic art had emerged in the early 1960’s and lasted mainly into the late 1960s and early 1970s. This type of art was created in order to make art totally objective, unexpressive, and non-referential. Minimalistic art was a response to Action Painting, which was personal and expressive. Two popular artists from this era are Dan Flavin and Carl Andre. Flavin used materials such as fluorescent light tubing to create art such as his work titled, “monument” for V. Tatlin, which was created in 1969. Also, Andre used unique manufactured industrial materials to create art. Some of the common materials he used were square plates or blocks made of aluminum, nickel, zinc, copper, steel, limestone, and wood. His art was created in how he lays the materials upon one another. An example of a piece of art created by Andre is “Sculpture as Place.” Minimalistic art was created in order to show materials as they are with little expressive or personal qualities, as artists Flavin and Andre did. Also, Minimalistic Art’s goal was to focus the viewer’s attention on the actual material rather than the artist’s emotion and influence.

Cage later went on to say "My favorite music is the music that I haven't yet heard. I don't here the music I write: I write in order to hear the music I have [not] yet heard." This quote summarizes his philosophy on indeterminacy. This belief led to the creation of 4'33'', his recording of the sounds around you. The only thing specified is the length of the piece. It is said that he used 4.33 minutes which equals 273 seconds. And --273 centigrade = zero degrees where everything would be completely silent and atoms quite moving. What do you think about this theory?