Anti-Social Behavior in Children and Youths Temitope Ekum Texas Southern University Department of Human Services & Consumer Sciences Introduction to Graduate School in Human Services & Consumer Sciences Doctor Toya Conston November 5, 2015 Introduction The issues that children face as they grow up and the environment they live in strongly influence how they develop as young adults or mature individuals. These factors could either raise a child who emulates values accepted by the social standards or one who deviates from these societal norms. This deviation is what is called antisocial behaviors, and it is widespread all over the world. Mostly, these individuals act without considerations on the consequences their acts have on others (Cornor, 2002). The term antisocial behavior typically refers to the behavior that is against the norm. There are several criteria can be used to judge whether one is portraying an antisocial behavior or not (McAra, & McVie, 2001). These include practices that are injurious to other people but not directly to family members; the behaviors could be recurring and severe if the action points out concerns that the individual might commit offenses that are criminal by law or if the behavior pattern is a widespread social issue that may need legal interventions. Antisocial behavior does not necessarily have to infringe the criminal codes, but some of its displays overlap with trends considered illegal (Bock & Goode, 1996). There has
This study has helped in the understanding of criminal behaviour as children learn through imitation and the environment which they grow up in have an effect on their behaviour. If a child has been brought up around abuse, criminal activity or consistent aggression then the child is most likely to offend by imitating their role model which could be a parent, sibling or even just a role model which they look up to.
Chapter four deals with peers and problems. It gives answers as to why some kids become delinquents and we find out that it stems simply from a pause of laugh response to the behavior of the kid. Mostly this chapter talks about deviance, its pathway, its source and ways to prevent it. Early adolescents are particularly susceptible to deviancy if left unmonitored and or not offered multiple opportunities for prosocial activities.
There are children living in societies that are filled with gangs and peer pressure. When I was growing up, my mother was a single parent; she was also the head of the house, respectfully. She had a well-paying job, but we stayed in a place that I would consider low class. I witnessed kids smoking, stealing, and being disrespectful to adults, even their own parents. Since my mother pretty much raised me and taught me not to give in to things that may cause problems in the future, I really had nothing to worry about.
Antisocial Personality Disorder is a very rare disorder. The criteria to be diagnosed with Antisocial Personality Disorder has been changed in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders throughout many years. The rareness of this disorder can be considered beneficial in the world because of the way people diagnosed with it become and what they do to others. Many people diagnosed with antisocial personality disorder find their self in prison. A variety of causes pertain to this disorder. Very few treatments of this disorder seem to work of this that has been tested. Researchers are still working on a better way to treat this disorder. The defense mechanisms associated with antisocial personality disorder are quite common and the same during the course of diagnosis.
Explain the factors and tensions that may affect the ability of young people and significant others involved with them to address their anti-social and/or criminal behaviour
When it comes to juvenile delinquency an adolescent personality is usually impacted from different factors such as early child hood experiences of witnessing a crime, seeing a violent act, being the victim of a crime, or being around others or family who engaged in criminal activity, these factors can either create an adolescent with a positive or negative attitude, or an anti-social behavior which could create a path for a delinquent behavior (Wilson, p. 34). A study has shown that family interactions accounts for about 40 percent of the cause of an adolescent with an anti-social behavior, the study also shown that aggressiveness which is a common trait of adolescent who engage in delinquent acts is usually created from peer influences (Wilson, p. 34).
In popular media its common to see children being influenced by many things around them, including what kind of environment they are grown up in. Socioeconomic status can be a huge influence on a child’s upbringing, in either a positive or negative way. A high socioeconomic status produces a better child according to most people because they have factors that include; social connections, good employment, and a happy family. These are the types of factors that will definitely reduce a child from engaging in violent behaviour as he/she gets older. A low socioeconomic status affects the child in a negative way and the likelihood of committing a violent crime is increased, due to factors such as child abuse, anger, weak social ties. Why? It is these two variables that will be discussed in the report how one affects another so social researchers can explain why this occurs in communities.
The first four factors, nicknamed the “big four”, are considered the major predictor variables. The first factor is history of antisocial behavior (Andrews & Bonta, 2010; Looman & Abracen, 2013). Major indicators of the presence of this factor include arrests at a young age and a “large number of prior offenses” (Andrews & Bonta, 2010, 58). The second factor is antisocial personality patterns. Characteristics of this factor include callous disregard for others, aggressive behavior, and feelings of pleasure seeking (Looman & Abracen, 2013). Next is antisocial cognition, which can be defined as “attitudes, values, beliefs, rationalizations, and a personal identity that is favorable to crime” (Andrews & Bonta, 2010, 59). The final factor within the big four is antisocial associates. This refers to the association with other individuals who are pro-criminal while avoiding anti-criminal individuals (Andrews & Bonta,
Based on this perspective, it has also been theorized that some parents teach their children antisocial behavior unintentionally by rewarding bad or aggressive behavior. Parents who “spoil” their children or fail to discipline them when they display antisocial behavior such as aggression or violence set their children at higher risk of later developing antisocial personality disorder. (Kantor, 2006) Findings that the rate of antisocial personality disorder is higher in adults whose parents also had antisocial personality disorder provide evidence for the behavioral theory. (Comer, 2012) The cognitive perspective of psychology explains the development of antisocial personality disorder theorizing that people with antisocial personality disorder hold attitudes that trivialize the importance of other’s needs and emotions.
Some causes for conduct in adolescents are no discipline, unstructured discipline and a broken home. A broken home is one of the factors that can produce a delinquent child. A broken home reduces the opportunity for creating a strong attachment between child and parents and that reduces the parent’s ability to condition the child. Many theories concerning the causes of juvenile crime focus either on the individual or on society as the major contributing influence. Theories centering on the individual suggest that children engage in criminal behavior because they were not sufficiently penalized for previous delinquent acts or that they have learned criminal behavior through interaction with others.
Moffitt’s developmental taxonomy suggests that many people behave antisocially but this can either be temporary or persistent. Temporary antisocial behavior is common among adolescents and many of them grow out of it. If the antisocial behavior is persistent, it can later predict criminal behavior down the road. Moffitt’s developmental taxonomy is an integrated theory made up of strain and social learning theories with a positivism approach. Consistent, stable antisocial behavior is found among a small amount of males whose behavior is extremely problematic (Moffitt, 1993). Temporary versus persistent antisocial persons have two qualitatively different types of individuals and none of them, up to this point, have obtained the research of
Research and etiology on the problem behaviors in childhood and adolescence often focus on the role of the family on the development of antisocial behavior. An important factor examined in past studies has been family structure, and this research has shown that youth from single parent families often have higher
For morals to be effectively instilled in a human, it must begin in infancy. Therefore, the family structure is vital in moral development. Morality is learned through socialization and the examples people around them set in their own daily life. Children learn how to make moral judgements in difficult situations from their parents, even if their judgements seem to lack moral intelligence (McIsaac). Many families are not ideal, nor do they set a good example for the children growing up in them. Domestic violence, drug use, drug dealing, or fraudulent behavior observed by the maturing child does not go unnoticed. These decisions are taken "to heart" and remembered when the child is faced with a similar situation. On the other hand, children may push away their families, and the negative example set and turn to gangs. In a gang, they feel they have sufficient support and love. Unfortunately, violent crime and severe criminal behavior of all kinds accompany a gang environment. The lack of morals in a family structure
Another factor that can influence crime is socialization, which is the process of learning how to properly behave. If someone grew up having a distant relationship with their parents, they might be more likely to commit a crime. A parent is a child’s first and best teacher. A good parent should teach their child right