The reactions made a small number of African natives was to resist diplomatic responses that promised the ability to maintain peace with the nations of Europe. When diplomacy failed, Africans resisted with violence, while others drew upon their religious traditions for strength in remaining independent. Yet another reaction among Africans was to encourage other Africans to fight back. Some Africans, meanwhile, complied with – and even willfully participated in – the continent’s colonization by Europeans. Documents two and three reveal the effort among Africans to react with diplomacy. In Document two, Ashanti leader Premph I rejects a protectorate status under British rule goes to great lengths not to offend “Her Majesty” and insists …show more content…
Menelik (D3) reminds the Europeans that his country has been a Christian island “in a sea of Pagans” for fourteen centuries and holds out that Jesus will advise those distant powers to not only refrain from colonizing Ethiopia but help it gain lost land. The account of the Maji Maji Rebellion against Germans in East Africa (D8) shows that a central element to the uprising was the animistic belief that a “magic medicine” passed from a spirit living in the form of a snake would help natives overcome their oppressors. The source of this information is a German military officer, but the amount of detail provided and the matter-of-fact tone lend credibility to its accuracy. There’s nothing disparaging or belittling about the officer’s words, which were published in a German military weekly newspaper. The account therefore comes across as a straight-forward effort to explain to fellow German officers exactly what it is they’re up against in colonizing East …show more content…
The African rulers who signed the Royal Niger Company’s standard form (D1) received monetary compensation for turning over their land. They may have recognized the futility of trying to resist the British government and decided to make the most of it by complying with the terms of the contract. Or they may not have truly understood what they were signing, given language barriers. When the company pledged not to disrupt the laws and customs of the country, the wording it then inserted –“consistently with the maintenance of order and good government” is able to be used as a warning that effectively gives the company the latitude to do whatever it wants. Almost anything could be defined as interfering with “the maintenance of order …” and so the British were bound to trample all over the native customs of the Niger River delta. Document nine gives us important information. Finally, Mojimba’s description of a battle he witnessed indicates that it pitted Africans against not only the British but also African mercenaries, so there were some Africans who chose to help Europeans suppress African resistance, getting paid as soldiers for hire. Mojimba’s words are filled with hatred, for good reason. But they’re being told 30 years after the battle, and so they may not be precisely accurate because the passage of time
The increased flow of silver altered the worldwide global trading both socially and economically. The global flow of silver from the mid-sixteenth century to the early eighteenth century caused social and economic issues by creating social impact in China, changing the economic purpose for trading, and the overall exchange between the Chinese and European nations.
The lives of natives were reduced to nothing but machines of profit. In The Black Man’s Burden, Edward Morel argued that, “To reduce all the varied and picturesque and stimulating ways of savage life to a dull routine of endless toil for uncomprehended ends, to break social ties and disrupt institutions; to stifle natural desires and crush mental development… to kill the soul in a people - this is a crime which transcends physical murder.” European nations withered away at the very character of the nations they subjected to their rule. Their very culture was destroyed, replaced with monotonous slavery. Because of this, African kings made it clear they wouldn’t stay idle. In a quote from Machemba, the king of Yao to a German commander, he explained “I have listened to your words but can find no reason why I should obey you - I would rather die first… [T]o be your subject, that I cannot be. If it should be war you desire, then I am ready, but never to be your subject. I do not fall at your feet, for you are God’s creature just as I am.” The African nations were hoping for friendship between them and Europe, but they wouldn’t be subjected to their rule and would rather go to war. Instead of the vast benefits of actual trade between two sovereign nations, Europeans dismantled any further chance of
During the European Scramble for Africa, in the early 20th century, Africans had a peaceful reaction with anti-imperialistic sentiments (docs. 2, 3, 4, and 7), peaceful actions through the approach of diplomacy (docs.1, 2, and 3) and also a rebellious anti-imperialistic reaction (docs. 5, 6, 7, 8, and 9) towards the Scramble for Africa.
1.) The desire to find new trade routes to Asia was one of the motivations for European explorations. Europeans were seeking the wealth of Africa and Asia. They wanted profit, they wanted gold. The spice market was also a huge profit of trading and several countries tried to gain control of spice trade. Another motivation was God and religion. Europeans wanted to spread the teachings of the Gospel to other parts of the world. They believed it was their duty to spread the word of God. Lastly, land was another motivation for European explorations. Some rulers, especially the King of Spain, and the King of Portugal, wanted to claim as much land as they could. The more land and money a country owned, the better their chance of domination in Europe.
“African Perspectives on Colonialism” is a book written by A. Adu Boahen. This book classifies the African responses to European colonialism in the 19th century. Boahen begins with the status of Africa in the last quarter of the 19th century and follows through the first years of African independence. This book deals with a twenty year time period between 1880 and 1900. Boahen talks about when Africa was seized and occupied by the Imperial Powers of Europe. Eurocentric points of view dominated the study of this era but Boahen gives us the African perspective. There are always two sides of the story and Boehen tells us the side less talked about informing us of what he knows.
In Basil Davidson’s video “Different but Equal,” he outlines the European perception of Africa upon their discovery of the continent. Claims that the Europeans were making about African culture, however, were far fetched and did not depict Africa in a positive manner. History according to pre-European Africa was rich and diverse, but once Europeans saw for themselves how different their continent was from Africa, they began to make up their own version of African history.
In the late eighteenth century, North American British Colonies worked to free themselves and create their own governing body. Some ideas stated by revolutionaries helped to unite the colonies in a single governing body and revolt against the existing government. The primary driving forces of the revolutionaries included the belief that humans had the right to freedom and to govern themselves, and that they had certain natural rights that the ruling government of Britain was not allowing them, as well as a general hatred for the ruling power of the European monarchy. These ideas that were so prevalent in the colonies were stated by many different revolutionaries, but many of them held the same idea, freedom was a right that was shared by all
European powers shamelessly exploited the people and resources of Africa in the 19th century. They often tried to justify their actions by using ideology, religion and moralism. After the end of the African slave trade, the development of steam power, and medical discovery, European nations started exploring not only the coast but also the unmapped interior of the continent. In this essay, I will explain the main driving forces behind African Imperialism. The Western europeans countries all competed for land and resources because of their self interest. They sought natural resources, and technology gave them the ability to exploit them. The philosophy of national pride however, was the primary reason. (Main document) (Doc C, D & B)
In the 17th and 18th century, each colony approached the idea of unity; however, they each had different proposals. Due to the colonies being separated from Great Britain, they developed different political conceptions from each other. However, when it came to the point that the colonies believed they should unite, each colony wrote a document stating their ideal, united government. Thus, some documents included God as a factor, proposing ideas that would be what God desires. Meanwhile, other documents provided militaristic notions, while others claimed that they should keep their connection with Britain. Comparing the documents from each other, it is perspicuously shown that there is a distinction between their intentions for a united government.
Technologically, European exploration was pushed forward through the development of new technology such as the astrolabe, which was an instrument used for triangulation, location of celestial bodies, and finding the local time when given longitude as well as latitude. In addition, Europeans improved the compass, maritime maps, and the design of ships. The caravel, a small ship developed by the Portuguese, was used to navigate around the African and European coasts due to its maneuverability and fast speed. Politically, many rulers were drawn to exploration because of the discovery, pursuit for wealth (gold), and a way to harm the Islamic empires. For example, Prince Henry of Portugal organized expeditions to the African coast in the 15th century. In addition, Spain tried to make their naval force and
The 11th and 12th century was a very difficult time for Europe and Japan. After the fall of the Roman Empire, Europe was in trouble. Decline in population, a reduction in construction, and smaller amounts of food were only some of the negative effects. In Japan, the emperor was weakening and daimyos were rising to power. Because of these hard times, both Europe and Japan created a system. In this new feudal system, Europe and Japan each had their version of a warrior. In Japan, the warriors were called samurai, and in Europe the warriors were called knights. Surprisingly, there were extremely similar elements when it came to the two fighters. But we’re the similarities greater than the differences?
1. Using the documents, analyze Han and Roman attitudes toward technology. Identify one additional type of document and explain briefly how it would help your analysis. The Han and Roman empires differed greatly in many areas, but one thing that they appear to feel the same about is the advancement of technology.
When the Europeans scrambled to colonize Africa, the reactions of the natives was progressively more apprehensive. At first the natives found that they could be peaceful with this strange new white man. Soon after, though, they found that these new men mistreated and cheated them greatly, and had superior military technology. Given these new conditions of the relationship the Africans decided it was in their best interest to take up arms against the Europeans and try to rid themselves of the harmful White Man.
The justice system in colonial Africa was atrocious at best, in the beginning years. Colonial masters sought to implement their native brand of justice on a civilization that already had its own local customs and traditions. The introduction of the “white man’s rules” were almost always met with resistance and strife. The smart colonial authorities quickly understood that to introduce their system of justice, they had to respect the local systems and slowly wean the people off their native system and introduce them to a new system. In territories where indirect rule was applied, mostly British colonies, the colonial authorities let the local leaders and monarchs continue to judge using their own rules and gradually began to introduce British rules when they installed leaders that supported their ideologies into strategic positions.