Article 86 Of The Rome Statute

Crimes against the international community are a collection of offences that are recognised by the international community as being of universal concern. However the prosecution of crimes against the international community can be controversial. Such crimes may be committed in the context of military conflict. They may be highly politically motivated, or they may have been ordered or committed by the state itself. The establishment of the International Criminal Court (ICC) in 2002 was a significant development in the law of crimes against the international community. The independent international court established by the Rome Statute, acts as a last resort for crimes fitting into the three categories of genocide, crimes against humanity and war crimes. Due to Australia’s Dualistic system, both the War crimes Act

Brett Schaefer and Steven Groves believes the United States decision was justifiable. They argue that the International Criminal Court has a worthy purpose, but still has issues that need to be addressed before the United States would join the court. Schaefer and Groves explain the Article 98 Agreement and the American Service Member Protection Act. Also their argument contains the five concerns the Bush Administration had about joining the ICC, but the two major concerns regard the fear of political abuse of power and also the threat to national sovereignty.

The United Nations is one of the most well-known international organizations in the world. It tries to serve the task of maintaining international order by promoting international collaboration throughout its 193 member states and various agencies. The United Nations facilitates order by the coordination of international security, international law, economic development, human rights, social progress, and trying to maintain world peace. Overall, the United Nations has failed to deliver on its main objectives which has resulted in the organization having little to no power. The United Nations’ shortcomings are evidently shown through the United Nations Security Council’s (UNSC) unsuccessful prevention of international conflicts, its organization’s ignorance towards human rights crimes, and the little to no authoritative power that the organization possesses in resolving conflicts as a mediator.

The United States’ decision to not join the ICC is largely contested today; however, many may be unaware that though its role is currently vehemently debated, the United States was once instrumental in the creation of the Court. Even prior to World War I, the United States was a proponent of international courts, as well as was the creator of many standards of global law now incorporated into the Rome Statute that created the International Criminal Court. Among these contributions are, “Inclusion in the jurisdiction of the Court of crimes committed during internal armed conflicts, and the drafting of a supplemental code explaining the precise actions and intent that must be proved for each of the crimes in the Statute…” (AMICC

This paper will clearly lay out the Unites States concerns with the International Criminal Court and will attempt to resolve them. I will then argue that no country has the right to be above international law, including the United States and that it is in the best interest of America and the world community for the united states to join the efforts of the ICC and sign the Rome Statute.

The creation of the International Criminal Court (ICC) intended to ensure the pursuit of criminal accountability of mass human rights violations did not go as smoothly as was hoped. Overtime, sensitive questions emerged on the impact of ICC prosecutions on ongoing or recently ended conflicts. Particularly, with regards to the possibility of the ICC impeding the progress of domestic initiatives seeking to deal with the aftermath of a conflict through peace and reconciliation processes. In such instances, should the Prosecutor only consider the facts of the case, or should she also take into account broader considerations, such as the impact of her actions? The Rome Statute left these uncertainties on the relationship between the ICC and local peace and reconciliation initiatives unaddressed. In drafting

The evolution of international criminal justice is important to consider. Two ad-hoc tribunals, the International Criminal Tribunal of Yugoslavia (ICTY) and the International Criminal Tribunal of Rwanda (ICTR), have facilitated the adoption of the ICC. The ICC came into existence on July 1, 2002. The court operates on the principle of complementarity which means that the court does not function unless a state in question is unable or unwilling to investigate and, if warranted, prosecute for one of the covered crimes. Whereas the ICTY and the ICTR had primary jurisdiction and could supersede state action, the ICC only has the aforementioned

Although it might sound like a good idea from the start, the entire system violates basic human rights. The Constitution guarantees us, Americans, legal protections and with the ICC involved, we would be denied these protections. Such as, no guarantee of due process, no jury or right to a speedy trial, and no protection from double jeopardy. Joining the ICC can be detrimental to the reputation of the U.S and to be a reliable government if the President or someone of higher power were to be prosecuted by the ICC. The system is also ineffective, without trial or prosecution how can one prove if the offender is guilty or not? What if the person being charged for the crime wasn't guilty and the criminal is free to pursue any other heinous crimes

The Roman Republic The Roman constitution was created in the hopes of forming a government that was both stable and balanced

Namely, as one of the founding members and five permanent members who assigned with permanent veto power, Britain disregarded UNSC’s privileged role in international security decision-making as it uses forces to solve disputes without UN approval. Further details can be found in the fifth chapter of the Charter of United Nations as it is stated in Article 2 and

Despite sufficient groundwork for the ICC laid out through the Rome Statute and amended to include aggression in Kenya in 2006-2007, the ICC in many nation’s eyes has been a failure. The first elected chief prosecutor, Luis Moreno-Ocampo, an Argentine lawyer has been widely criticized for his continuous failures and this disappointment has led to reluctance of the states. When the ICC was established through the Rome Statute it became evident that the role of the chief prosecutor would be essential to the court’s success, and in many ways the successes of the court would mirror the successes of the prosecutor. This analysis has become accurate, only to the negativity of the court. Moreno-Ocampo’s failures are directly linked to the failures

However, an arrest warrant issued in 2000 under this law against Mr. Abdoulaye Yerodia Ndombasi, the Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Democratic Republic of the Congo.

120 states around the globe adopted a statute, on 17th July 1998- what is now famously known as the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court or simply put “the Rome Statute”. This statute established the International Criminal Court (ICC).

In 1998 an international treaty was signed by about 120 countries who made up the International Criminal Court.

supporting countries armies, police force, national guard, etc… to capture the warrants that are handed out for the apprehension of criminals. If the increase of the $146 million dollar budget is to happen, then the funding could help support a sole police task force for the International Criminal Court, in which they do not have to rely on other countries but rather themselves. Solely having their own police task force will allow for the issue of more warrants within supporting countries due to not having to rely on their police force, but rather their own. As stated from the International Criminal Court, “As a judicial institution, the ICC does not have its own police force or enforcement body; thus, it relies on cooperation with countries worldwide for support, particularly for making arrests, transferring arrested persons to the ICC detention centre in The Hague, freezing suspects’ assets, and enforcing sentences.” As stated by the following quote, the current jurisdiction of the International Criminal Court is not vast, and