Assessment And Treatment Of Adductor Spasmodic Dysphonia

Physical and Vocal Awareness Can muscle tension have an effect on the voice? Give one specific example from your own life when your

The primary cause of ASD is an idiopathic process and so cannot identify the precise disease mechanism. ASD is a progressive disease and is characteristically diagnosed during early childhood and can persist throughout an individual lifetime, needing lifetime specialist support with functional impairment (John Hopkins, 2014). Studies has shown that as an individual diagnosed with ASD grows they have an significantly increased risk of developing medical and psychiatric disorders which is contributed from the biological make-up of the individual (Perkins et al, 2012) including dyslipidaemia, gastrointestinal problem, epilepsy hearing, visual impairments, asthma, hypertension, heart disease, cancer, osteoporosis and autoimmune

Today, Botox is not only used for beauty but is also used to treat a variety of problems, such as migraines, neck pain, excessive sweating, body odor, morbid obesity, carpal tunnel syndrome, stroke paralysis, incontinence and clubfoot in infants to name just a few. It has become a life savor for many people with debilitating disease or disorders. Using Botox as a medical treatment has recently hit close to home when my Mom was diagnosed two years ago with a rare vocal disorder called spasmodic dysphonia. The origin of this disorder was originally thought to be psychoneurotic, but in recent years it has become classified as a movement disorder of the larynx. Spasmodic dysphonia involves uncontrollable “spasms" of the muscles in the vocal cords that cause interruptions in speech which affect the quality of a person’s voice. In the more common type, adductor spasmodic dysphonia (ADSD), vocal cords prematurely tighten when speaking which causes a squeaky high pitch voice. In the type of dysphonia my mom has, abductor spasmodic dysphonia (ABSD), when she talks, her vocal cords don’t close when they are supposed to which results in a breathy, whispery voice. Her voice seemed to get worse over time, it was less able to understand what she was

It takes almost 8.5 years between the onset of symptoms of the disease and death (Francis, Palmer, Snape et al., 1998). AD affects the hippocampus and the neocortex region of the brain. These are affected by the deposition of amyloid β in senile plaques, neurofibrilary tangles and the decline of neuronal synapses. The symptoms of AD includes memory loss resulting in disrupted daily life, confusion with place and time, problem with speaking and writing and many other.

Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis is an immune-mediated inflammatory demyelinating condition that affects the white matter of the brain and spinal cord. ADEM also attacks the nerves of the central nervous system and damages their myelin insulation, which destroys the white matter. It is often triggered after the patient has received a viral infection or sometimes exceedingly rarely specific non-routine vaccinations. It affects children more than adults but can affect anyone. More than half of patients have an illness usually an infection two to four weeks before developing ADEM. Most of these illnesses are viral or bacterial, often no more than an upper respiratory tract infection. In children with ADEM, prolonged and severe headaches occur. In addition, the patient develops fevers during the ADEM course.

An interview was conducted in which the client’s mother stated that she feels that Tommy’s voice quality is becoming progressively worse. Tommy has also begun to perceive the difference compared to his peers. He stated, “I sound different from all of my friends at school. They say ‘Tommy, what’s wrong with you? Why do you sound like that?’” In response to his friends’ inquisitiveness about his voice, Mrs. Callahan stated that Tommy is becoming less talkative. During the interview, a connected speech sample was taken whereby Tommy was asked to read the Limpy standard reading passage aloud. Low pitch and hoarseness were evident during the

Client X is a college student referred to the clinic by a music professor due to concerns of possible vocal nodules. During vocal juries, X’s professor commented that her voice became very airy, especially when using her high register. Client has also described her voice as husky, breathy, tense, and hoarse.

FINDING GENES Causes of AD include extracellular neuritic plaque and intracellular neurofibrillary tangles. The plaque has amyloid-[beta] peptides (Tanzi, 2001). A protein called tau makes tangles

ALD affects the nervous system in the brain. The disease strips away the coating or the

Hyperfunctional voice disorders are voice problems that happen when uncontrollable tightening (spasm) prevents the vocal cords from working properly. Vocal cords normally move back and forth to make sounds when air passes through the voice box (larynx). If you have a hyperfunctional voice disorder, the area of the brain that controls vocal cord movement does not send the right signals. This causes the vocal cords to spasm. Hyperfunctional voice disorders might also be referred to as muscle tension dysphonia.

Unilateral vocal fold paralysis (UVFP) is the complete immobility of one vocal fold. According to Sapienza and Ruddy (2013), “90% of vocal fold paralysis that occurs is unilateral and caused by damage to the peripheral nervous system” (p. 189). Vocal fold paralysis is typically considered a symptom of a disease or neurologic disruption. In one study, it was found that vocal fold paralysis was caused by surgical trauma, tumors or neoplasms, unknown or idiopathic factors, trauma, central nervous system dysfunction, radiation, inflammatory, cardiovascular, and other causes (Chen, Jen, Wang, Lee, & Lin, 2007). Symptoms of unilateral vocal fold paralysis may include: aphonia, abnormal vocal quality (breathy, hoarse, and/or strained), and dysphagia. Onset of UVFP may be life altering as the individual has to find compensatory strategies for voicing or even alternative methods of communication. The individual is also left susceptible to aspiration due to the lack of airway protection. These factors make it critical to diagnose the impairment so as to provide the appropriate treatment.

There are many different reasons that Doctors believe that this disease occurs. They think it might be that the disease lays dormant in your brain and it takes a major shock to the body to trigger it like a surgery perhaps. Some even say that being around aluminium for to

Histopathologically, AD and FTD are different. In fact, AD is characterized by extracellular amyloid plaques and intraneuronal neurofibrillary tangles [5], and FTLD is characterized by non-AD histological pathology, most commonly by the presence of either tau-positive inclusions or ubiquitin-positive, TAR DNA-binding protein (TDP)-43-positive inclusions [6].

Adrenoleukodystrophy (also known as X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy, ALD, X-ALD, adrenomyeloneuropathy, Siemerling-Creutzfeldt disease, or Bronze Schilder disease) is a progressive type of a genetically inherited disease that can cause damage to the myelin sheath, spinal cord and white matter in the central nervous system. When affected with ADL your body cannot break down very long-chain fatty acids (VLCFA), causing high levels of saturated VLCFA’s to build up in the brain, nervous system, adrenal glands and Leydig cells in the testes.

The goal for this study was to use chant therapy to decrease the individuals fatigue by making it a habit for them to use differential muscle activity. To meet this goal the authors focused on finding a normal speaking pitch, increased prosodic accent and a better standard deviation for their fundamental frequencies. A Voice Range Profile (FRP) was used to find a more efficient speaking pitch. The pitch targeted was characterized by being in the individual’s lower range where the largest loudness gain was found in the semitone below it. The individuals were taught this pitch and it was used as the mediation note for chant therapy.