Bio156 Lab 5 Essay

In cellular respiration, glucose and oxygen are taken into the cells, then they are converted to carbon dioxide, water and ATP energy and some other energy. Some of the ATP energy is used in photosynthesis; a large amount of

For the cell to generate adenosine triphosphate (ATP), plenty of oxygen is needed. Fermentation is a unique way to generate energy ATP in the form of without using any oxygen. Fermentation consists of glycolysis and a process of NAD+ generation. Glycolysis oxidizes glucose to two pyruvate molecules. The two pyruvate molecules are converted into two carbon ethanol molecules, and two carbon dioxide molecules are released. The overall net yield of fermentation are two ATP molecules and two NADH

3.A. During cellular respiration Glycolysis uses two ATP and produces four ATP per glucose molecule.

Fermentation: An anaerobic process where organic foods are converted into simple compounds and ATP is produced to provide energy (www.biology-online.org).

In this process, the covalent bonds within glucose molecules provide the source of energy, which is converted to ATP, so that the cell can easily use this energy to perform useful work. The oxidative phosphorylation phase of this process utilizes an electron transport chain to create a proton gradient across the inner mitochondrial membrane. NADH and FADH2 are electron carriers extracted from glucose; act as the main source of electrons for the electron transport chain. In the final step of the electron transport chain, oxygen acts as the final electron acceptor by taking up the last electrons to create water. The oxygen that these cells require

Cellular respiration refers to the conversion of bio-organic materials, such as sugars, into useful biochemical energy. More specifically defined, it refers to the oxidization of sugars into carbon dioxide and water, with energy originally trapped in the sugars released in the form of ATP. The chemical equation for cellular respiration is provided below

Cellular respiration is the oxygen-requiring reactions, occurring in the mitochondrion, that breaks down the end products of glycolysis into carbon dioxide (CO2) and water (H2O), while capturing large amounts of energy as adenosine triphosphate (ATP).

The summary of cellular respiration is the oxidation of a food and reduction of O2 to produce CO2, H2O and energy which is a redox reaction.

Cellular respiration is a process that mostly takes place in the mitochondria where cells break down food and turn in it into adenosine triphosphate(ATP), or in more simpler terms, energy for the cell. Although cellular respiration can do either anaerobic or aerobic cellular respiration processes, it is usually used to describe aerobic cellular respiration because it actually was created as a synonym for aerobic respiration. Aerobic cellular respiration is the process where oxygen is used to make energy molecules. Aerobic respiration creates a lot more ATP molecules than in anaerobic respiration because anaerobic does not use oxygen as a reactant. Aerobic cellular respiration goes through three steps, and they are: glycolysis, citric acid cycle (Krebs cycle), and oxidative phosphorylation. Glycolysis means separating sugars, and in that process every glucose is turned into two pyruvate molecules. It then enters the mitochondria if it is a eukaryotic cell and the pyruvate

This includes cells in our bodies as well as cells found in foods like yeast. ATP is a specific molecule that provides energy in a form that cells can use for cellular processes. Cellular respiration is a process that cells use to transfer energy from the organic molecules in food to be released into ATP energy and carbon dioxide. The release of energy from organic molecules and precisely glucose is an example of cellular respiration. Energy is essential for growth, repair, and movement in living organisms. Cellular respiration allows the cells to use the energy from each glucose molecule more efficiently in order to make as many ATP molecules as possible and produce high levels of carbon dioxide. Carbon dioxide is a colorless gas that is crucial to all living organisms on this planet. Carbon dioxide production can be directly related to the energy production from fermentation. It is these complex cellular processes that will be further examined in this research

“Cellular respiration is a biological process in which organic compounds are converted into energy. During cellular respiration, oxygen reacts with an organic compound to produce carbon dioxide, water, and energy.”

Cellular respiration is the method by which an organism converts carbon based fuel and oxygen into adenosine triphosphate (ATP) the source of energy for cells, carbon dioxide and water (Open Learning Initiative, 2015, pg.140; Respiration, Cellular, 2014, pg.3737). Moreover, the cellular respiration process occurs in three major steps: glycolysis, the Krebs cycle, and electron transport (Respiration, Cellular, 2014, pg.3737). During the glycolysis stage, inside the mitochondria of the cell, glucose is broken down into pyruvate (a three carbon sugar) which releases energy in the form of a net gain of two ATP molecules (four total are produced but two are consumed during the process) (Open Learning Initiative, 2015, pg.141; Respiration, Cellular, 2014, pg.3737). Next, during the Krebs cycle, inside the mitochondrial cellular matrix, the pyruvate from the previous cycle is transformed into acetyl CoA after which it undergoes a process where the acetyl CoA is converted into carbon dioxide and water via oxidization resulting in the

Yeast ferments, which is an anaerobic respiration reaction. It produces energy as well as ethanol and carbon dioxide as waste products. This can be seen in the equation below.

Fermentation is a chemical process that breaks down sugar anaerobically. Alcoholic fermentation is a type of fermentation that coverts sugar into energy, producing ethanol and carbon dioxide as a products. Yeast are able to obtain chemical energy by using its enzymes to break down larger sugar molecules, sucrose and fructose, into the a smaller sugar molecule called glucose.

One commonality among all organisms is cellular respiration. In this process, energy from chemical bonds is harvested from glucose and stored in adenosine triphosphate. Due to this ubiquitousness of cellular respiration, biologists need to understand the process in depth, but broad overview will allow a better understanding of how the more complex pieces fit in the larger picture.