Paradoxical Vocal Cord Motion Disorder Vocal Cord Dysfunction A twenty year old female is admitted to the emergency room with symptoms of respiratory distress. The symptoms began during a soccer game and came on suddenly. Signs included observed dyspnea, coughing, wheezing, and signs of cyanosis and chief complaint of shortness of breath. Patient had previously been diagnosed with exercise induced asthma and has used her Albuterol inhaler, as instructed, at the time of attack with no relief. The
Despite that these registries added valuable information about acute heart failure in this region, none of them addressed chronic ambulatory heart failure patients that are being followed in the outpatient
Research The investigation of how anesthesia effects cognitive functioning has had a long history. Overtime, it has been suggested that there is an association between anesthesia, surgery, delirium, dementia and postoperative cognitive dysfunction (Inan & Ozkose Satirlar, 2015). The theory of anesthesia’s impact on cognitive functioning was derived in 1887, by Savage, who began to observe the “insanity” that follows the use of anesthesia. He suggested that “Any cause which will give rise to delirium
disease of the heart muscle that is characterized by an enlarged heart that alters its ability to function properly. DCM is a primary myocardial disease characterized by cardiac chamber enlargement, arrhythmias, and diminished cardiac contractility (Case et., al 2011). The upper and lower chambers of the heart become enlarged, with usually one side being more severe than the other. Specifically, when the lower chamber becomes enlarged, its ability to pump blood out of the lungs and body deteriorates
Hypertension in Adolescents I. Case Presentation A 16 year old African American male arrives at his pediatrician’s office for a preparticipation physical evaluation. His history includes asthma as a toddler, tonsillectomy in 2010. His mother, grandmother, and uncle all have hypertension. His grandmother has diabetes as well. He has an older brother and younger sister, both are healthy. His father is a paraplegic due to a MVA, otherwise his father has no health issues. The patient vital signs
blockers, and aptamers has been discussed. Although, these agents have a thromboprotective effect; however, as discussed, there are pros and cons of these agents and there is a lack of clinical trials involving human subjects. Thus, future in-depth studies involving large human population are warranted to exclude potential limitations, to increase the safety and efficacy of FIX, FXI, and FXII inhibitors, and to investigate novel drug targets. 7. Expert Commentary Although, clinical trials are going
23.4–36.2); D-dimer 15.09 μg/mL (normal 0–0.5); fibrin split products (FSP) < 40 μg/mL (normal < 10). However, reticulocyte count was not available. Thyroid studies revealed a thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) of 4.43 mlU/L (normal 0.4 –4.42). A thyroxin (free T4) level was not available due to nearly normal value of TSH. Iron studies revealed an iron level of 132 μg/dL (normal 37–170); transferrin 158 mg/dL (normal 200–360); ferritin 137.2 ng/mL (normal 5–148); TIBC 261 μg/dL (normal 265–497);
Esophageal Manometry and pH-Impedance Studies in Gastro-Esophageal Reflux Disease INTRODUCTION The first attempts at measuring the pH changes in Gastro-esophageal reflux disease (GORD) were made by Tuttle et al, who in 1960 used a glass pH electrode to demonstrate a gradual sloping gradient in the gastro-esophageal pH gradient in patients with esophagitis in contrast to a sharp one in normal subjects(1).Later, Johnson and DeMeester developed a dependable external electrode in 1974, successfully using
CVI is a common problem with varicose veins that affect approximately 25 million adults in the United States suffer from CVI and are more than six million of these cases are reported to be severe cases of CVI (Eberhardt & Raffetto, 2014). When CVI occurs, there tends to be a dysfunction of the pumping system of the lower extremities. When obstruction takes place in the veins, it may limit the outflow of blood, thus causing increased in venous pressure when the muscles contract
a progressive neurodegenerative disease that effects both upper motor neuron (central neuron cells) function and lower motor neuron (peripheral neuron cells) function and usually results in muscle weakness, muscle atrophy, speech and swallowing dysfunctions, progressive paralysis, and possible death from respiratory failure. Spasticity, altered behavior disturbances, dysexecutive impairment, and frontotemporal dementia may also be present with ALS as well. In general, neurons in specific tracts/areas