When a patient is admitted to the hospital an initial assessment is done. During that assessment we are already thinking of what kind of care and treatment this patient will need in order to dis-charge him as soon as possible. The longer a patient remains in the hospital, the more at risk he is for Hospital Acquired Infections. “Hospital-acquired pneumonia is the second most common nosocomial infection, but carries the highest mortality rate of 30-50 percent. Ventilator-associated pneumonia is a type of HAP that is associated with endotracheal intubation and me-chanical ventilation” (Pellico, 2012). “It is reported that HAP accounts for 25% of intensive care unit infections, and 90% of those occur during mechanical ventilation” (ATS & IDSA, …show more content…
The results showed significant re-ductions in preventable pulmonary complications (PPCs) in those patients. 2 other studies found that patients who had automated turning, spent less time in the intensive care unit (ICU), and “researchers in another study also reported decreased duration of mechanical ventilation” (Hannenman et al. 2015, p. 25). However, none of the prior studies that were done made a com-parison between patients with automated turning, versus patients who were turned manually eve-ry two hours. Research has shown that, “intensive care patients are not turned every 2 hours for a variety of reasons” (Hannenman et al. 2015, p. 25). When a patient is bedridden, it is the nurse’s responsibility to turn the patient every 2 hours. Turning a patient and changing their posi-tion helps keep the patient’s blood flowing, as well as prevents bedsores (Pellico, 2012). A study was done on a specific group of individuals who all fell within the same …show more content…
“A mini-bubble protractor was placed on the patients chest at the second anterior intercostal space to measure angle of turn and at the lowest portion of the back upper bed frame to measure the angle at which the head of the bed was elevated” (Hannenman et al. 2015, p.26). A battery-powered angle sensor was places at the base of the mattress to measure angle of turn in degrees. The patients with manual rotation did not hold their correct positions, despite the fact that they had pillows and wedges to keep them in place, and thus were unable to fully benefit from these turns. “Increased prevalence of PPCs during the study, despite turning, reinforces the high risk for pulmonary morbidity with intubation and me-chanical ventilation…PPC rates were high before, during, and after study participation, making a strong argument for further research on ways to reduce PPCs in ICU patients receiving mechani-cal ventilation”(Hannenman et al. 2015, p. 30). Researchers found that regardless of how the pa-tients were being turned, manual or automatic, patients who were on mechanical ventilation with endotracheal tubes in the ICU were more prone to PPCs because of their intubation. “Compared with manual turning, automated turning appears to better reduce progression/accelerate solution of, but not prevent, PPCs” (Hannenman et al. 2015, p.
Critically ill patients that require mechanical ventilation are at risk of developing secondary infections that may increase length of stay and possibly even morbidity. This fragile patient population requires special attention and meticulous adherence to established nursing standards of care. These standards of care are founded on evidenced based practices. It is important that nurses receive education about why these standards are in place and what consequences can result due to not following the established care protocols.
Pressure ulcers continue to be a prevalent issue in the health care system and causes “pain, slow recovery from morbid conditions, infection and death” (Kwong, Pang, Aboo, & Law, 2009, p. 2609). In the field of nursing turning and repositioning patients is a well-known nursing intervention to prevent development of pressure ulcers. However, many hospitals and facilities still neglect to apply this as a standard policy. This gives room for nurses and nursing aides to overlook the importance of this intervention resulting in increased pressure ulcer development. The purpose of turning and repositioning patients is to prevent oxygen
Most mobile patients are able to reposition themselves, while others who are critically ill are not able to feel or respond to pain. Therefore, nurses need to assess those patients in repositioning to decrease the risk of developing pressure ulcers (REF).
ICU patients suffer from a broad range of pathologies, requiring MV, sedation and use of multiples devices, which do not allow patients to protect their airway (Augustyn. 2007; Kollef. 2004).
Through medical advances in technology and practice, nurses have been afforded the opportunity to provide lifesaving care to patients. However, this lifesaving care comes with the risk of healthcare-associated infections (HAIs). Generally speaking, HAIs are infections directly related with the delivery of healthcare and are often caused by viral, bacterial or
A degree of evidence related to protocol usage and outcomes was collected to determine if a researchable problem was obtainable and valuable. According to Davies (2011), research questions should concentrate on "real-world problems" (p. 75). Patients in the intensive care unit who are mechanically ventilated receive intravenous sedation on a regular basis. According to findings by Wøien, Vaerøy, Aamodt, and Bjørk (2012), as much as "30-60% of intensive
Ventilator - associated pneumonia (VAP) is the second most common hospital acquired infection (HAI) and is associated with high morbidity and mortality rates for ventilated patients in intensive care units (Bingham, Ashley, Jong, & Swift, 2010). The VAP increases patients’ mortality rates, length of stay and hospital costs (Hiner, Kasuya, Cottingham, & Whitney, 2010). The VAP is the leading causes of death due to nosocomial infections and the
I value your capstone project. I work in long-term acute care with clients who are on the vent with compromised pulmonary and cardiovascular problems, and I agree with you that there is limited evidence- based intervention to guide clinicians who work in acute care. It is imperative that OTs take the leadership role and train nurses and CNAs on the importance of bed mobility and transfers to eradicate problems with decreased functional mobility with bedsores and severe sacral wounds secondary to prolonged bed rest.. In addition, lack of physical activity and prolonged bed rest have significant consequences on musculoskeletal, cardiovascular, respiratory, (Parry & Puthucheary, 2015).
Ventilator-associated pneumonia is a bacterial infection that occurs in the lower respiratory system within the first 48 hours of endotrachal intubation (Lewis, Dirksen, Heitkemper, Bucher, & Camera, 2011). Although any hospital patient is susceptible to pneumonia, ventilator dependent patients are at the highest risk of acquiring pneumonia. The purpose of this paper is to identify the risk factors, incidences, and preventions of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) using a quantitative research study performed in Malaysia. “The aim of this
Hospital acquired infections or healthcare associated infections (HAI’S) which is also known as nosocomial infections have been a burden to society for decades, which has gained the top ten positions in the cause of death in the united states (CDC, 2015), although there is a decrease it still poses as a problem. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) there are several types of healthcare associated infections, which “includes central line-associated bloodstream infections (CLABI), catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTI), and ventilator-associated pneumonia infections (VAP)” (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC], 2015). Some other common types of HAI’s which are also Multidrug-Resistant Organisms
In this study, patients that had been ventilated in the intensive care unit from April to November of 2010 were included. There were few ways that the person could be excluded, these were if the patient had cardiac arrhythmias or severe obesity. All of the patients were monitored vary closely, such as with an electrocardiogram, invasive and non-invasive arterial pressure, and percutaneous
Healthcare-associated infections are infections that affect the patients when they are in the hospitals or other healthcare setting, such as a care home or hospice, or due to health care interventions or procedures.
A couple months ago, my unit (Cardiovascular intensive care unit) and the other ICU unit at my hospital started implementing a set scheduled time for performing spontaneous breathing trials (SBTs) for all ventilated and intubated patients during both the day and night shift. This change allows for a structured protocol with clear instructions on how to approach SBT and is part of our strategy to decrease the amount of time that the patients stay intubated. The sooner we remove the intubation tube; it will decrease the chances of the patient developing any ventilator-associated pneumonia because we are allowing their natural lungs to exercise.
The purpose of this paper is to use the most recent research studies to address the complications incurred by the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) populations on mechanical ventilation and to highlight alternative therapies to improve long-term health and wellness. According to Morris (201), implementing ventilator therapy with prolonged standard bed rest is associated
Studies shows that, HAP causes 15% of hospital acquired infection. And it is the main cause of nosocomial death (Schleder 2004). This high death rate is not what the hospital bargain for. Hospitals are equipped with improved equipment’s and qualified medical personnel. Patient are still dying of acquired infection from the