Ethnography- Exide Battery Plant in Vernon, Los Angeles
The Exide Battery plant operated in the industrial city of Vernon since 1922, causing many environmental problems. Over the years, the battery plant has polluted the air and released toxic substances such as lead and arsenic. Exide is a lead-acid battery smelter, which was responsible for melting down lead from old used car batteries for producing new ones. The Exide Company violated environmental regulations for years and local, state, and federal officials cited the plant over and over for emitting cancer-causing chemicals and toxins. The battery plant was also responsible for the illegal storage and transportation of hazardous waste. Exide's lead emissions have contaminated soil in six southeast Los Angeles communities: Boyle Heights, East Los Angeles, Commerce, Bell, Huntington Park, and Maywood. The California Department of Toxic Substance Control knew for years the Exide Battery Plant was violating environmental laws and failed to stop it. It was not until 2015 that the Exide Battery Plant was closed after many communities protested and provided evidence of pollution and effects on their health.
Problem
The Exide Battery Plant in Vernon, Los Angeles was emitting lead, arsenic, and other dangerous
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However, it was not until 2008, after receiving complaints of falling ash on nearby soil, streets, and businesses that air quality regulators acted to deal with the toxic emissions. In 2013, the toxic department tried to shut the plant down. Many communities protested and held public meetings about Exide's pollution problem. Various protesters spoke to city officials to bring down Exide. The company went to court and got a state closure order overturned. Strict new air quality regulations were forced in 2014, however, the company continued to emit too much
Produce procurement, a long-studied topic in cultural anthropology, defines the everyday interactions relating to values and norms as well as power through a simple outlet: food. For this ethnographic observation: produce procurement, I decided to observe one of the bigger grocery store chains, Jewel. It was here, where I observed different views and concepts relating to food venues, specifically grocery stores, that are important to both producer and consumer in aesthetic, type of produce, demographic, and communication.
Culture is defined as the traditions, customs, norms, beliefs, values and thought patterning passed down from generation to generation (Jandt 2010). The world consists of many different cultures. In this Ethnographic Interview, I was given the opportunity to explore and learn more about a culture different from my own. Through observation I’ve have seen how people of different cultures differ from mines. For example, the type of foods a person
For my ethnographic fieldwork, I decided to do my research on the Jewish culture. I interviewed a friend of mine at her house, which is the field site I decided to work in. To protect her identity I changed her name to Rebecca. As soon as I got to her house I notice there was a small piece of metal on the side of her doorpost with hebrew text written on it. I enter the house and she greeted me and took me to her living room.In her living room I noticed she had a tray of bite size cookies for us and a Snapple drink. The cookies were sweet and they did not have strong odor. My friend wore black slacks a white blouse and a star necklace around her neck. After a while, her brother and father came in and I noticed they had a little cap on the top of their heads. I asked her questions about her religion and culture.
Every year it is estimated that 1.8 million batteries are not properly disposed of. When this happens, it poses a major threat to the ecosystem. Heavy metals used in batteries are toxic to humans and they can leach into our water system. Lead and nickel-cadmium (Nd-CD) can only enter the human body by inhalation or ingestion, but mercury can even be absorbed through the skin. Federal and state laws and regulations have been implemented and enforced to ensure heavy metal batteries are properly disposed of and recycled.
A month later, tests performed by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) showed that excessive rates of lead were present in the water supply, rates that far exceeded the EPA’s limit (CNN, 2017). Another test in March indicated even higher levels of lead. A switch back to the DWSD was proposed and denied following the second test. A lawsuit was also filed against the city claiming the water to be a health risk, but the case was dismissed.
Two wastes that resulted from this production were coal tar and purified waste. Coal tar was a formation of less volatile chemical compounds. Coal tar’s sole purpose was for roofing and road building material. Scientists taking coal tar as a starting point developed other uses. Manufactured gas plants were creating more coal than they could find buyers for and eventually formed an emulsion with water. The tar produced spills and leaks over decades of operation. Chemicals found in coal tar were anthracene, fluorene, napthalene, pyrene and many others (dec.ny.gov). Sulfur and cyanide compounds that were being removed through purifier beds consisting of lime or wood chips formed purifier waste. Reactions took place between the gas and purifier material corroding gas pipes, stoves and lighting fixtures. Purifier beds would eventually fill up with tar and become unusable. Having to dispose of the material, the waste had a strong odor and the wood chips would ignite if left uncovered. The purifier waste would either be shipped to landfills or fill low-lying areas on premises. The cyanide compound found in purifier waste contaminated groundwater away from the burial location. The water that became affected was highly acidic and caused harm to fish and
in Flint that have been exposed to the dangerous levels of lead in their water. The government
Web/Facebook: UCLA Extension has opened a new campus at the Warner Center in Woodland Hills! The new campus offers a list of various classes in some of the top career fields. Whether you’re taking steps to advance your career, looking to start a new career or just a lifelong learner, the UCLA Extension Woodland Hills campus has something for you. GOLD METROPOLITAN MEDIA installed City Light Pole banners in strategic areas of the San Fernando Valley to promote the new UCLA Extension campus.
While lithium batteries are not specifically included or exempted in the hazardous waste regulations, these batteries have some characteristics of toxic hazardous wastes. The reason for the uncertainty regarding the toxic characteristics of lithium batteries is because they can be effectively disposed as non-hazardous waste by discharging them fully. When completely charged or partially discharged, lithium batteries can be regarded as reactive hazardous waste due to the considerable amounts of un-reacted lithium in the battery ("Product Sheet", 2007).
To answer this question, we don’t have to look far. Last week, the Ithaca City School District shut off their water supply after the detection of “high levels of lead.” In Newark, New Jersey, 17,000 children are now being tested for lead poisoning. In Long Island, New York, dilapidated cesspools leaking nitrogen have led to a mass die-off of flora and fauna within the Long Island Sound. These incidents represent a fraction of the growing disaster that is our nation’s water infrastructure. Experts on urban water infrastructure have characterized water mains as “ticking time bombs.” Their characterizations are justified for the most part—many aging water mains have pipes made from wooden planks wrapped in metal coil. From 2004 to 2009, 316 contaminants were detected in water supplied to the public.
The Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) of 1980 has proved to be one of the most important environmental protection programs of all time. Also known as Superfund, this act spawned dramatic changes to the environment of the United States. Superfund aimed to cleanup hazardous waste sites in America and protect the health and safety of the general public. Over the years, the Superfund legislation has authorized the government to aid in the cleanup of toxic waste in a variety of effective ways that have ensured the welfare of its citizens. On the whole, CERCLA has transformed hazardous waste sites, changed the outdated disposal methods that companies utilized, and ignited environmental awareness.
However, despite his remarkable leadership, Welch failed to fulfill GE’s duty of social responsibility. In his tenure, he failed to protect societal assets or avoid harm to the environment. GE contributed to environmental degradation in areas where the company manufactured its products. Under Welch’s reign, the company polluted the Hudson River with one of the most toxic and persistent substance known as the Polychlorinated biphenyl’s (PCBs). This substance is very harmful to the environment and known to cause cancer in humans. GE is accused of dumping approximately 1.3 million pounds of PCBs into the Hudson River in the period 1947-1977. This led to an entire 197-mile stretch of Hudson River turning into a superfund site in the nation. GE
b) Recycling household and car batteries keeps heavy metals such as mercury, lithium and cadmium from being released into our air and water. Heavy metals, when consumed by people and other animals, cause numerous health problems and diseases.
For my first experience with ethnographic fieldwork, I observed a superbowl party that began at 5 p.m. on Sunday, February 5, at the VFW Hall, which is located on 1490 Hwy 594 in Monroe, LA. I started my observations at 6 p.m. when about 30 people arrived and ended at 7:30 p.m. I was not very lowkey due to the people being family, so they thought I was just doing homework. I observed a group of male and female African Americans between the ages 21 and 30 that consisted of seven people. During my observation, I saw the two-culture approach and the psychoanalytic theory comes into play while noticing the different conversational styles and altercasting performed between the members.
BAN found that 50 to 80 percent of e-waste collected in the western U.S. for recycling is actually exported to countries like China, India, and Pakistan. The investigative team witnessed the toxic dumping of lead-laden cathode ray tubes in open fields and rivers not far from populated areas, the open burning of plastics and wires, and exposure to toxic solders from circuit boards. They also documented hundreds of thousands of migrant workers (men, women and children), who were forced to break apart and process obsolete computers, completely unaware of the health and