The Central Valley Project (CVP) is a Federal water project set up and run by the US Bureau of Reclamation to provide water for the Central Valley in California. Through twenty dams and reservoirs the CVP facilitates the collection and delivery of water for irrigation, municipal, and industrial use, as well as producing hydropower, providing flood control and recreational facilities on their reservoirs. The CVP provide a good example of how cost allocation works within a vast organization. I will use this organization to describe the method used by the CVP to allocate cost and whether I agree or disagree with their methods. I will also be identifying situations where common costs are allocated. I will explain the impact of allocating …show more content…
The first one is water supply repayment, which are costs allocated to water supply. These are then sub allocated to the recipients who are municipal, industrial, irrigational and wild life refuge water users. The costs to each are proportional to amounts delivered. The second repayment category is Power repayment. Under this category similar sub allocation are made to project use and commercial power. Project power use allocated costs are then further sub allocated among municipal, industrial, irrigation and wildlife refuge water use functions. The third category is Fish and Wild life repayment, which can either be reimbursable or non-reimbursable. The reimbursable costs are allocated to irrigation, municipal and industrial water users and commercial power users, and non reimbursable costs are paid by the tax payers. The last category for repayment is the recreation repayment. For these costs allocations, there is the legislation that authorized the expenditure that determines repayment. Determining repayment responsibility is the third step in the three step process of allocation. CVP does allocate common costs and there are several examples of this. One example is the handling of costs of multifunction facilities such as the dams and reservoirs. These facilities provide flood control, store and supply water, and produce hydroelectric power, and the costs for these facilities are allocated among the purposes served. Other multi function
6.The California Water Project takes water from northern California to the south through various means. The two sides have disagreements on how the water should be used. Northern Californians argue that if they sent more water to the south, they would waste it, resulting in the Sacramento River being degraded. However, southern Californians still want more water, because they feel that their growing populations and agricultural needs require the water.
Yet, humans have limited control on natural events, so this only reinforces the importance of managing water wisely. Recently California’s government has begun to focus more on sustaining and restoring the water supply. Dale Kasler (2016) articulates in his article some of the steps they have decided to make to solve this serious issue. The government has made the following investments: “$415 million for watershed restoration and other environmental aid for Lake Tahoe; up to $335 million for two proposed reservoirs in California, including the Sites reservoir north of Sacramento; $880 million for flood-control projects on the American and Sacramento rivers in Sacramento; and $780 million for flood-control projects in West Sacramento” (para. 10). This could be the first step to restoring the water to California. But these
On March 27, 2014, Wade Graham of the San Francisco Chronicle reported “The Water Revolution California needs.” California is having a severe drought. Wade Graham tells his readers that California is in a serious water crisis. The state of California needs to make strict changes to how water is being distributed amongst farmers and residents. Before all of California’s ecological system is destroyed. Wade Graham believes that water should be priced higher; that way people aren’t wasting water. Water is a limited resource that should never be wasted, and is probably California’s most valuable resource. Unfortunately, many people waste water; instead of conserve water especially when we live in the state of California where we are subject to
The California Water Wars were a series of conflicts between the city of Los Angeles and farmers and ranchers in the Owens Valley. As Los Angeles grew in the late 19th-century, it started to outgrow its water supply. Fred Eaton, mayor of Los Angeles, realized that water could flow from Owens Valley to Los Angeles via an aqueduct. The aqueduct construction was overlooked by William Mulholland and was finished in 1913. The water rights were acquired through political fighting and deceiving people. Z alley, into the aqueduct. Mono Lake's ecosystem for migrating birds was threatened by dropping water levels. Between 1979 and 1994, David Gaines and the Mono Lake Committee engaged in litigation with Los Angeles. The litigation forced Los Angeles
In recent years there has been so much talk and propaganda regarding the ongoing in drought in California. Scholars argue when the exact start of the drought was, but I believe that it started in 2007 because rainfall has fallen below average since then. Droughts occur because the quantity demanded of water does not meet the quantity supplied which leads to a shortage. The drought has impacted not only everyone in the state, but also the ecosystem. While there are many reasons why there is a shortage of water in California; today I will touch on three of them, the lack of precipitation, increase in population, and wasteful water use. In my research I will report on these three reasons and look at possible solutions for this most recent dismal event in California.
The Central Valley Project was a tremendous government project to irrigate the Central Valley, a 450 mile stretch of fertile land that has become very important to agriculture. This valley could not have been able to grow the 230 different types of produce it does today without the Central Valley Project. The government decided to construct a system to irrigate the valley. The author writes that the Central Valley was very dry and considered a desert in 1933. So, the government began a series of construction projects to build aqueducts, canals, and pump plants. The text states that the government directed water from the Colorado River to the valley. Due to this, the Central Valley can cultivate 230 kinds of crops as the center of American
Assume that the CWC has adopted the budget as developed in Case I even though it does not hit the 5% budget surplus target. Now they want you to allocate the budget into functional areas. Revenue is not allocated to functions. However, expenses are allocated to functions using the percentages shown in the following section.
Water sustainability is an ever-growing problem because of the increase in population, and over consumption used by agriculture, industry, and domestic which are using more water than we are able to supply. According to CBS News, California’s water shortage has been a big issue since 2011. Climate change has a lot to do with the amount of water we have available to us because the amount we need does not cut out to the amount needed to satisfy the population. Therefore, conservation is key; we must take into consideration the amount we use in a daily basis. Both you and I can easily save water we have, directly and indirectly like what we consume with what we eat, buy and use, which would overall improve water sustainability.
Imagine walking into your house after being outside on a scorching summer’s day. Beads of sweat drip down your face, and you are completely parched. You turn on your faucet for a glass of water, but nothing comes out. This may sound like something out of a post-apocalyptic movie scene, but it can soon become a reality for those living on the west coast. Decades of unsustainable water practices have led to record low levels of water resources across the western states of the United States. Michelle Nijhuis of National Geographic reports that the western states of California, Nevada, and Arizona face a great deal of issues, due to the fact that their past system of water irrigation has become unsustainable. The first main factor behind this
The agency representing the Water Supply section of the FSRS is the Council Bluffs Water Works (CBWW). The original Council Bluffs Water Works system was built in 1881 and had many construction and design flaws. In 1911, the department was re-organized and the system was reconstructed and improved. Currently, the CBWW is operated by the Board of Water Works Trustees, which is appointed by the Mayor.
The problem of water allocation in the Klamath River Basin has been the result of conflicting interests between fishermen, tribes, wildlife, and farmers that depend on scare water resources. Tule Lake and Lower Klamath Lake National Wildlife Refuges (NWR) also rely on water to maintain wetland bird habitats, which are of particular ecological important to migrating bird species. Basin stakeholders met in 2010 to resolve the conflicts over water allocation and created what is known as the Klamath Basin Restoration Agreement (KBRA). The focus of this research is on why some environmental non-governmental organizations(NGOs) were excluded from the the KBRA talks, and what that has meant for the status of the wildlife refuges. The Audubon Society of Portland, Oregon WaterWatch and Oregon WILD have been vocal opponents of the KBRA because they claim the provisions do not provide adequate protection for the basin's transitory bird populations. The questions this research seeks to answer are: How did the idea of localness play into determining participation in the KBRA process and thereby validate each groups claim to determine resource allocation? and what does that mean for the future of the Wildlife
The Coachella Water Authority is a joint powers authority formed as a component of the City of Coachella and Redevelopment Agency of the City of Coachella and has statutory authority over water supply.
Water shortage, California has a limit in how much they use water. For instance in Orange county, California they as well have things going on just as in China. Orange County has illnesses that they fell that has to do with the marine waters close by. Which is an economic burden for them in Journal, of Environment Management, they are mention that they have to pay gastrointestinal illness, acute respiratory disease, ear ailment and the list goes on. Why do they have to pay for this illness? They are as much as we do are at fault. We all need to be able to take care of our waters if not we all suffer from it. Back to the shortage, would you think it’s because of what we do to our waters? In California they get fined if they went over the amount
On behalf of the Browns Valley Irrigation District, I would like to say thank you for all your efforts toward conservation this summer. Despite being one of the worst droughts in California history, together we have been able to provide nearly a full season of deliveries. Over the first 125 days of this season, you have saved 2,700 acre-feet when compared to the same duration in 2014. That is nearly three feet of lake elevation!
To start with the first policy option an effort must take place to test the efficiency of current allocation rates. In an attempt to do so, a simple model will be used to determine what an efficient allocation would be. To further simplify the model, it will consist of only Upper and Lower basins, averaging statistics taken from the states located within each basin. This simple model will allow variables to be changed to help identify how they interact with the efficient allocation of water. To perform this model, it is necessary to have a demand