Essay about Changes in Thought Between 1301 and 1350

The Southern Colonies had hopes of creating profit from the export of agricultural goods when they developed a plantation economy; farms would grow single crops, such as rice and tobacco. However, as the agriculture business grew, so did the demand for more workers, but they needed a cheap source labor to rely on. The idea of slavery was brought up, but the Southern Colonies could not enslave the Native Americans because they became difficult due to their independence. As a result, African slaves were used because of how easy it was to enslave them. Many African slaves were taken from their homes, and put in a foreign place; this left them defenseless and afraid. The slave population grew largely, and became a steady source for many single

After the slaves were freed in 1863, the South had to make changes to supply labor for the farming. Many shady practices by the white man occurred because of this. Sharecropping and crop liens were developed to keep the black man somewhat under their control. Since freed slaves had no money and no place to live, land holders would allow a tenant to live on their property and worked the land in exchange for a share of the crop produced, also known as sharecropping. The crop lien system was a developed to allow farmers to receive goods such as food, supplies, and seeds to be paid for after the crop was produced. This kept the black man and poor white farmers in a constant form of debt.

With the new printing press “people were working to make books so that they could now have and read books and gain knowledge” after gaining knowledge the peasants were more self reliant in the social aspect (Document 3). On the religious aspect of the education monks were offended because they believed, “the power of judging the scripture is in the church,” and people started reading and judging what the scriptures said by themselves and became independent (Cavlin Document 11). Education also affects the political aspect of the economy by breaking down the church and forming their own ways, “Has fallen into such a detestable madness that he does not hesitate to dogmatize and publicly preach... propositions and conclusions which are erroneous and false” (Pope Gregory XI Document

The time period from the fifth to the fifteenth century was known as the Middle Ages. The Middle Ages in Europe was also a time of prosperity and hope. New civilizations were formed and the industrial revolution started. Towns became so much easier to control and population grew because of modern conveniences. They changed the way the people of the Middle Ages lived. The Middle Ages should not be called the Dark Ages because structured laws called for order, education changed the way people thought, universities were founded, the economy prospered, and food supply increased the population.

Land was not redistributed in the majority of the cases, leaving former slaves without anything to start or takeover their own farms. Instead, a system emerged in which former plantation owners gained a lot of their power, which left former slaves to make a living by means of sharecropping and tenant farming (a wage labor system). In sharecropping, “both freed slaves and poor whites borrowed land, seeds, and tools from a landowner, in exchange for a share of the crop at harvest time”. In tenant farming, the land owners who have the more cash which meant they could rent the land, and therefore keep all of their harvest. Today farming continues in the South, although not to the extent that it was practiced during Reconstruction, and of course the crops are very different. Today instead of cotton and tobacco, Southern farms grow crops like soybeans and corn, another common farm would be the family owned chicken farms or egg farms, that also focus on a single product. Sharecropping and tenant farming are no longer common methods of agriculture,  however, farming families often become subject to the same type of cycles of debt as tenant farmers that were practiced during Reconstruction by the southern landowners, their workers never make enough money to pay off the debts they owe, and sometimes they end

During the 1450’s to 1750’s the Americas were evolving at a constant rate. The slave trade and the use trade such as the triangular trade were very common during this time-period due to the rise in plantations, causing a diverse region in South America. In addition, forced labor was an important constant throughout the region and was controlled by Spanish and the Inca’s which also allowed for a mixture of culture and ethnicities.

Wars, attacks and invasions were common during the Middle Ages. The early period had seen the fall of the Roman Empire and this must have contributed to a destabilizing effect. For example, the Turks and Arabs attacked and conquered the people living in Romania, also known as the Byzantine Empire. As stated by Pope Urban II, “They have killed and captured many, and have destroyed the churches and devastated the empire” (Doc 9). As this quote shows the Turks and Arabs completely destroyed the empire. Also, in 842 there was a great slaughter in England that killed many people. as stated by the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle, “842 in this year there was a great slaughter in London and Quentavic and in Rochester” (Doc 3). As this quote shows, things seem chaotic, out of control and very unsafe during the middle ages. These wars, attacks and invasions caused mayhem but the situation only got worse when the system of government was eroded.

“Farming in the New England colonies was a challenge. Due to the cold, long, and harsh winters, the growing season was very short. The soil was also rocky, so farmers had to take all the rocks out of the ground before planting. Due to these shortcomings, the farmers in the New England colonies only farmed enough for their family, themselves, and their farm animals” (Diamond). Due to this issue, they didn’t have much need for slaves because of the lack of crops. They also couldn’t afford slaves because for one they didn’t have enough work to keep them busy and two they didn’t have enough crops to share. “At first, the south also relied on the forests and the water, but tobacco and cotton later emerged as cash crops. Initially these crops were harvested by indentured servants, but with the growth of plantations, planters started to import slaves from Africa” (Rosenzweig). So the opposite goes for The Southern Colonies; they needed slaves to help with the large lands they owned. They knew that without slaves their own family wouldn’t be able to keep up with the land/crops so therefore they hired several slaves to do

Social developments after slaves were freed shows the great extent in which former slave’s lives were not all that different after they gained their freedom. Many former slaves had to go back and voluntarily work for a white owner or even purposely enslave themselves again just have some financial support because most blacks had nowhere to go. Those who were fortunate enough to gain some land were often extremely poor and had to work their farm by themselves because they were too poor to afford help or assistance. What commonly brought blacks back into slavery and sometimes even mired whites and blacks into heavy debt was the sharecropping system. Sharecropping is a system of agriculture in which a landowner allows a tenant to use the land in return for a share of the crops produced on the land.

For the ex-slaves this was a difficult and confusing time. They were free, but didn’t have anywhere to go and no money. Many didn’t want to leave the plantations that their families have been farming for generations. The Freedman’s Bureau was given control of abandoned or confiscated land and was authorized to give it to black settlers and in 1865 40,000 black farmers were working on 300,000 acres of what they thought would be their own land. President Johnson pardoned the owners of most of the land consigned to the ex-slaves they were never able to purchase this land. The black men settled for wage labor from their previous owners and then developed contract labor system, and eventually sharecropping. When the blacks were allowed to

Living in the medieval time period was not as glamorous as it is often portrayed; peasants and serfs led hard lives, however, kings, lords, and knights lived lavishly and at the expense of those under them. In this paper you will read about all of these lifestyles, as well as the castles in which these lords and kings lived in. Mainly castle designs, fortifications, and siege tactics will be revealed to you; yet there are several sections, dealing with the lifestyles of the above mentioned, leading up to that.

This meant that the Church was no longer the only source of knowledge and people were able to learn outside the

One huge part of the slave business was the use of indentured servants. These people were not total slaves. In fact, they were just working to gain citizenship in the states. In the seventeenth century, they were relied on heavily for labor. In fact, they were relied on more than actual slaves. However, about three fifths of the way through the century, plantation owners quit using them. They figured out that people did not want to do

During the development of the colonies and the nation as a whole, slaves were utilized in order to produce the crops and perform laborious tasks that were “below” white people. In the 1660s, there was an increased demand for tobacco products as well as indigo and rice in England (“African American Slavery in the Colonial Era, 1619-1775”). In order to fulfill the demand, there was a spike in interest in purchasing slaves. More and more slaves were needed to produce larger amounts of crops for the plantation owners.

The history of the modern world derives from thousands of years of human history. Embedded in its history are the many eras of man which have constructed our modern learning, art, beliefs, and order. The middle ages, although represented as “dark”, backwards, and idle, were in fact a bridge linking the classical and modern world. Medieval society may not have been in a sense glorious, but the era of itself was a prime foundation of the modern world’s newfound stability, a revival of the law and teachings from the classical era, a reinvestment and reform in the church, and a precursor to the golden age of art.