Iago and His Reasons for Revenge
In the play Othello, The Moor of Venice by Shakespeare, Iago is one of the most controversial characters. His motivation for manipulating and directly or indirectly killing the majority of the characters is never quite clear, and his reasons seem to shift from page to page. However, when his actions and words are taken as a whole, it becomes apparent. Iago is motivated by a deep sense of jealousy and rage toward Othello and Cassio, not for anything that they did, but for who they are. When it becomes clear that he is neither motivated by military ambition or jealously over Emilia, this is one of the only theories that is plausible.
The most commonly cited explanation for Iago’s jealousy is his military ambition.
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Besides the idea that Iago is in love with Desdemona, which is mentioned exactly once, dismissed in the same sentence, and makes even less sense than the last two theories, there is no other easily proven idea. There is nothing else that Iago says, that can be pointed to as definite, objective proof of a certain motivation. All that is left are hunches. To the credit of hunches, though, some are more probable than others. One such hunch is that Iago is jealous of Othello and Cassio for accomplishing more than him in life, and is simply taking out his anger in the most destructive and evil way he knows how. This should not be confused with the first point, which was that Iago is jealous of Cassio for becoming lieutenant instead of him. Iago knows that he does not deserve the lieutenancy, and that is why he is jealous. Early on in the play, Iago mentions how “Preferment goes by letter and affection, and not by old gradation, where each second stood heir to th’ first” (I.1.38-40). It can be inferred from this that Cassio is younger than him, or at least joined the army later. It pains Iago that Cassio, who is less experienced than him, and Othello, who has the handicap of being black in a racist society, have both had more successful lives than him. Manipulating people to accomplish a goal, even one that does not directly benefit him, makes Iago feel smart. It is his way of feeling successful without any …show more content…
Once the theories of being motivated by military ambition and jealousy from being cheated on are refuted, this is one of the few possibilities left. This particular view of the text highlights how mentally ill Iago is. It is impossible to diagnose somebody with psychopathy or sociopathy from a play, but not many people would decide to kill everyone around them from feelings of inferiority. In the end, Iago gets nothing out of his revenge on the world. His wife and boss and only friend are all dead, his rival is promoted to general, and he is sent off to be tortured. As an allegory of revenge, it does not seem very
Yet, no matter how strong Coleridge’s view may seem, it is completely incorrect, the motive is there it just may seem to be hard to see. One thing that can be concluded about Iago is that he is not an honest man, and that Othello has mislabeled him drastically. Iago’s character through a strategic and well planned manipulation process eceive many of the other characters. He uses carefully thought out words and actions to manipulate others to do things in a way that benefits himself, while also pushing Othello, Desdemona, Roderigo, Emilia, and Cassio to their tragic death. Not only is he betraying his commander he is also using his wife,
Iago has many reasons to be Jealous of Michael Cassio, he is described as the perfect soldier throughout the book, and not only is Iago furious that Cassio was promoted to lieutenant first, but Iago suspects him, as well as Othello, of having an affair with his wife,
He says, “Oh, beware, my lord, of jealousy! It is the green-eyed monster which doth mock. The meat it feeds on.” (3.3. 170-172). Iago is warning Othello about jealousy claiming it will destroy him for falling prey. In reality, Iago wants Othello to become jealous of his wife being with another man and kill her. For one, this line is ironic because Iago’s motive for his plan against Othello is in fact because he is jealous. It is also ironic because Iago is pretending to warn Othello of jealousy to appear as a loyal and caring friend.
In Othello, Iago is a villainous person who is filled with hatred, jealousy and an undeniable lust for power. He influences and manipulates everyone close to him for the sole purpose of destroying their lives.
From the beginning of the play, Iago is left in displeasure since he was incapable of achieving his endeavour to wind up as a lieutenant and his physical appearance, both in which Cassio has a critical contribution. In any case, what makes Iago desirous to a great degree is the way that Othello elevates
Iago is the antagonist of the play, and one of the most evil Shakespearean villains. Iago is extremely clever in the way he uses unsuspecting power- especially psychological power. He gets into people’s heads in many dishonest ways- by spreading false rumours, telling lies and psychologically tricking people and secretly controlling certain situations. His power to manipulate is a key point in the play, as it results in major consequences and the deaths of some main characters. Iago’s schemes are multi-levelled- he conspires with roderigo, and makes him believe that Desdemona will take him back. On another level, he leads Othello to believe his wife is having an affair with Cassio. He uses his wife Emilia (unknown to her), to bring back the handkerchief he uses to deceive Othello. Iago is an extremely resourceful and talented man, but he uses these resources and talents in detrimental ways. Iago is constantly referred to by numerous characters as ‘honest’. He himself also refers to honesty. Numerous characters believe that they know and trust Iago and that he would not lie, nor deceive them. Iago’s soliloquies also provide invaluable insight into his wicked mind and evil schemes and plans.
Since the two used to be so intimate, the key to understanding Iago’s superobjective is to understand what made him harbor such hatred for Othello. To put it simply, Iago was hurt that Othello gave Cassio the lieutenant job instead of giving to him. At face value, that reason doesn’t seem to be a strong enough motive to destroy another man’s life. There had to have been more to this than just the fact that Iago didn’t get a promotion. Iago “believes Cassio got the appointment because of an old friendship with Desdemona, and probably because he carried messages between Othello and Desdemona during their courtship.” (Crawford). Iago, knowing this, felt as if the entire system of military honor and merit had crumbled. Had the promotion been based on merit, Iago would’ve gotten the job, because “…[Othello’s] eyes had seen the proof/ At
Over the course of the play, Iago offers numerous reasons for him desiring revenge. The first motive is the loss of a promotion to Cassio. “’Tis the curse of service: preferment goes by letter and affection, And not by old gradation,” (I.i.33-35). Iago feels that Cassio was chosen over him because he is more likable instead of earning it like Iago felt he had. Bloom describes this anger in terms of religion. “His religion is war, and his god is Othello, and so his fury when Cassio is preferred to him is the fury of the priest or worshipper who has been found unworthy,” (Bloom). Iago feels that Othello must make amends for his rejection. The next reason he gives is the supposed infidelity of his wife. Iago says “And it is thought abroad that ‘twixt my sheets H’as done my office.” (I.iii.378-379).
In act One, scene one we see Iago's conversation with Roderigo about Cassio being promoted ahead of him and how Iago believes that this is because of favourtism. This suggests one of many reasons why Iago plots against Othello. From this conversation we see that Iago is envious of Cassio being promoted ahead of him, and plotting against Othello as a means of seeeeking revenge. “I follow him to serve my turn upon him”. Iago believes that he
In Act “Oh, beware, my lord, of jealousy! /It is the green-eyed monster which doth mock/ The meat it feeds on. That cuckold lives in bliss/Who, certain of his fate, loves not his wronger,/But, oh, what damnèd minutes tells he o'er/Who dotes, yet doubts— suspects, yet soundly loves!” (3.iii.170-175). Through Iago’s witty nature he is able to nonchalantly set his malignant plan into motion by planting a suspicion in the mind of Othello. Iago harnesses in on the envious agony he endures and uses it as a weapon on the man he is envious of, leading to the destruction of him. Iago knows the ability of jealousy, and with this he knows he can manipulate Othello and make him feel the same discomfort he himself feels. This reveals the enormous amount of preparation Iago has put into his plan and the true evil that is brewing beneath the surface. Iago's loss of self respect and his loss of respect for others have led him to be an evil scheming beast with no account for the lives of others.
Iago’s revenge plan started because he wanted a higher position in the army. The position that Iago wanted was the one that Cassio had. So he knew the only way to get this was through the “easy prey” (spark notes) Othello. Iago saw Othello as an easy target because of his insecurities of marrying Desdemona and his trusting nature. Othello was insecure because he was a man
Iago wanted revenge over his general because he felt jealous and was not appreciated for all the work he has done. By the end of Act 1, we find out that the reason Iago wanted to manipulate Othello into killing his wife, Desdimona, was because he was angry with him for not giving him the rank of Lieutenant, and giving it to the inexperienced Cassio, instead. And a sudden rumor came upon him that he was also sleeping with his wife, Emilia. His plot was simple: he tells Emilia to take the handkerchief while telling Othello that he had found in the bedroom of Cassio, which puts him in a jealous rage into thinking that his wife is cheating on him with Cassio. Now, it is wrong to try to spread gossip about your friends, you do not bite the hand that feeds you, but in this case Iago bit the hand that fed him. Even though he was not promoted to
As the villain in Shakespeare's play Othello, Iago has two main actions. They are to plot and to deceive. Iago wishes to plot and to deceive because he is jealous of Othello and hates him. Iago's reasons for why he hates Othello is because he believes that Othello made love to his wife, and Iago is mad that Cassio was chosen to be Lieutenant instead of himself. From this hate comes the main conflict of the play.
Iago’s reasons for wanting Othello to murder Desdemona are never satisfactorily explained. As Iago himself says, "What you know, you know" (5.2.306). He gives various reasons for wanting to destroy Othello, but none ring completely true. He is disgruntled because of Cassio’s promotion over him. He suspects Othello of bedding his wife. But why is he determined to have Othello murder Desdemona? His plot seems based on sport rather than reason. Iago truly hates the Moor, but his hate is not grounded in any firm reason. As the play progresses, Iago’s motive never fully crystallizes, but his determination to dupe Othello into murder, thereby destroying his sense of honor, grows stronger.
Iago has many reasons to hate Othello, including the fact that he had been passed over for a promotion, in which Othello had snatched the position, and he also suspects Othello had slept with Emilia. These reasons were given to the audience, as Iago, himself, reveals his reasons to Roderigo, “ I hate the Moor; and it is thought abroad that 'twixt my sheets 'has done my office. I know not if't be true; yet I, for mere suspicion in that kind, will do as if for surety.” (1.3.378-82). Iago is never turned back on his plan to ruin Othello and the people surrounding him, since he is always contemplating on how Othello doesn’t deserve his accolades, and how Iago is plotting revenge against him. This keeps Iago to consistently, and deliberately continue with his strategies, which keeps the audience empathetic for the rest of the story. Iago is also jealous of Othello’s ability to woo and lure Desdemona, “It cannot be that Desdemona should long continue her love to the Moor ... She must change for youth. When she is sated with his body, she will find the error of her choice.” (1.3.340). However, Even if Iago had received the promotion; even if he had no suspicions or jealous feelings, he would still invent new motives for hating the Moor, as he is the devil of the story. Iago is not capable of performing good deeds, sustaining good relationships, or even