UNDERSTANDING JOB DESIGN AND ITS CHARACTERISTICS In the Human Performance it states that, “Existing job design models have been criticized for being able to explain affective outcomes more consistently than they do those of task motivation and performance.” (Burr and Cordy, 2001, pp. 27.) Business dictionary defines Job Design as, “Work arrangement (or rearrangement) aimed at reducing or overcoming job dissatisfaction and employee alienation arising from repetitive and mechanistic tasks. Through job design, organizations try to raise productivity levels by offering non-monetary rewards such as greater satisfaction from a sense of personal achievement in meeting the increased challenge and responsibility of one's work. Job enlargement, job enrichment, job rotation, and job simplification are the various techniques used in a job design exercise. In my current work position as an assistant to an elementary school district strategist, I can account for many aspects leading to me being promoted to this position from an assistant teacher through the characteristics of job design. In Organizational Behavior and Management, it states that, “job design specifies three characteristics of jobs: range, depth, and relationship.” (Ivancevich, Konopaske, Matteson, pp. 147) The number of duties a jobholder or employees has is defining job range. For example, one of my jobs as an assistant teacher was to make copies for a week of work for the entire first grade class, a week ahead of
The chapters of Job bring to light God putting his favorite servant in a situation in which he loses a throw other desire to drop in a dalliance with God castigate God himself. It starts to asking price Job dearly to throw in one lot with on to his sexual affair outside of marriage with God.
The outcome of common motivational actions for “Job enrichment-addition of new tasks at higher levels of skill, responsibility, and accountability” (Elizabeth Layman, 2011) was meant to counteract monotony of the job, however employees reported work overload and increased
Tammie, designing jobs is a continuous process. Job design determines the tasks that employees are expected to perform. The role of job design generates engagement. An efficiency approach to job design enables companies to maximize contributions toward a competitive advantage. A challenge involved in job design is “choosing which job design feature to alter to achieve the design goal” (Shantz, Alfes, Truss, & Soane, 2013).
Skill variety, task identity, task significance, autonomy, and feedback all makeup the five job attributes of the job characteristics model. As a breakdown of each (Kinicki & Williams, 2016) inform that skill variety is a variety of skills one holds for their job. I enjoyed the examples provided by using occupations. A librarian, accountant, and waitress would all hold vastly different skills that allow them to perform their job. Task identity and task significance are similar but different. Task identity is fundamental to the start to finish process of a task. This is significant to any task as there are clear set guidelines allowing you to see the step by step process which keeps you in line with deadlines. Task significance is knowing how
The operationally focused portion of the job displays aspects of the classical theory of job design
To begin, job analysis is said to be an organized and detailed method to obtain information about a specific job. It deals with finding out about the tasks, responsibilities and skills that are required to perform that job effectively and efficiently. There are two components of job analysis. The first important aspect of job analysis is job description. This is a list of the tasks, duties and responsibilities that a particular job entails. The other part of job analysis is job specification which is a list of the knowledge, skills, abilities and other characteristics that an individual must possess in order to perform the job. Job analysis is said to be an important part of human resource planning.
Job design is, first, the division of an organization 's work among its employees and, second, the application of motivational theories to jobs to increase satisfaction and performance. Two approaches to job design are fitting people to jobs (the traditional approach) and fitting jobs to people.
By nature employment is classified into part time and full time. The study of the nature of employment helps in assessing the magnitude of workforce fully reliant on earning from the IMS. This is discussed with Table 1 given below. More than 80% of workers are found to be engaged as full time workers (FTW) at the national level. However a trend of sinking part of FTW is observed with a increasing share of the part time workers (PTW). Dominance of male employment over the female employment is observed both for the category of PTW as well as the FTW. Gender wise distribution of employment shows that the share of both the full time male workers (FTMW) and full time female workers (FTFW) have decreased in 1994-95 and then continuously increased in 2005-06. Part time male workers (PTMW) shows declining share over the entire period, whereas the part time female workers (PTFW) shows an increasing share during the same period. A discussion on the growth of employment by nature and gender revealed the fact that growth rate of the FTW as well as PTW was higher during early reform period as compared to the later reform period, at the national level. The FTW suffered a negative growth during the later period, which causes the overall growth of the FTW to be lower. The growth of the PTW at all India level is higher. The category of PTW, PTFW is growing at a slower rate, but is higher than the growth rate of PTMW at the
After reviewing the job description for a Production Manager posted on the internet, I believe that I would be an ideal candidate for the position because my qualifications mentioned in the job description! Please evaluate my resume, notice my 20 years’ involvement and commitment working as a Manufacturing-Quality Engineer and Supervisor with a strong understanding of the Manufacturing/Quality Control, Regulatory Specifications and Vendor Supply Processes as well as Customer Satisfaction Requirements. I am very interested in sharing my talent and teamwork of the job qualifications within your company.
However, this is not the situation at MSH as employees and managers complain of dissatisfaction and alienation. Kyle, through his unconventional approach to human resource management, has failed to design an appropriate job design that can bring satisfaction to employees. Most employees are leaving the organization as they complain that their roles have been reduced and that they are not trusted to handle the operations that they previously handled so successfully. According to Cohen (2002), job design is one way of motivating employees apart from the monetary compensation and that it can significantly lead to high productivity levels. Therefore, the current situation at MSH requires that the management design a job design that will make sure that employees have more responsibility. An approximate job design can be achieved through job enlargement, job rotation, job simplification, and job
As job enrichment is all about “allow[ing] workers more control over how they perform their own tasks” (Layman, Elizabeth J, 2011), it is easy to see how the author of the article has demonstrated this in the table below. The table breaks down the author’s suggestions in respect of how
Furthermore, the outcome of increasing the number of tasks in a particular job and by giving the employees the authority and control to take meaningful decisions about their work has demonstrated a 100% positive feedback. In addition, because they implement the job rotation system, it has since permitted the employees to better or increase their level of skills, which in return has granted management with better skilled versatile personnel.
In an article written by Elizabeth Layman (PhD, RHIA, CCS, FAHIMA, East Carolina University), an investigation is made into changing the workplace, because of the implementation of electronic health records and the constant change in the healthcare delivery system (Elizabeth Layman, n.d.). Understanding that working hard is a short-term solution, the article focuses on changing the work environment to be smarter. To accomplish this requires that there be a redesigning of work and jobs, however this presents a substantial investment of time from the health information managers (HIM). Mrs. Lehman presents an examination of this topic and prescribes steps to address these new realities.
The job characteristics model is one of the most influential attempts to design jobs with increased motivational properties. Proposed by Hackman and Oldham, the model describes five core job dimensions leading to three critical psychological states, resulting in work-related outcomes.
Murphy(1989) cited in Boon,Fern,Sze and Yean (2012:663) define job performance as "the set of behaviours that are relevant to the goals of the organisation in which a person works.” Armstrong (2010:248) defines performance as the behaviour in which organisations, teams and individuals get work done.’’Brumbach (1988) (cited in Armstrong, (2010:248) states that performance means both behaviour and results .Behaviours emanate from the performer and is an instrument of results .Campbell(1990) (cited in Armstrong, (2010:248) argues that “ performance is behaviour and should be distinguished from the outcomes because they can be contaminated by system factors”.