Childhood Is Common For All Children

There is little evidence of what it was really like in the past so it is difficult for a lot of people to re-construct the life of a child, however from what I have researched, and in my own opinion I am going to summarise the historical changes in childhood experience and relate these changes to childhood development and rights.

There are various discourses of childhood that help us understand how childhood is viewed and how children themselves are seen. It is important to also look outside the system world and look towards the life worlds as it gives a more realistic view of various childhoods and shows how diverse the concept of childhood is because children do not share the same experiences. Regardless if you are looking at the system or life world the notions of rights, opportunities and capabilities are often discussed. These notions aids us in understanding childhood, however they can often obstruct us as well.

The lives of children are greatly influenced by the environment they grow up in, and the people they come in contact with. For years, psychologists, researchers, and social workers have studied children, and why they do what they do. All have developed many different perspectives on how to view social problems and the development of individuals.

Different discourses of childhood have different ideas of childhood which has different implications on the way in which children are treated. Within the social constructionist theory there are 3 main discourses - romantic, puritan and tabula rasa. This essay will look

One of the main features of childhood studies is the idea that childhood is socially constructed. This means that not all childhoods are the same and that it may differ depending on the time in which it is taking place, as well as the social environment or the place that it is taking place. This can be seen at the Museum of Childhood, and how different times have shown changes in the way children act, play, dress, or ultimately are treated in society. Additionally it draws on key differences in the human societies affecting different childhoods in any given period or place, and can examine how the childhood in that given period is constructed. Furthermore a social constructionist looks at the consequences of any given factor and the impact it has on children.

The concept of childhood, is not a natural state, but it has been socially constructed through society and can only exist in a society that understand the term this has been reinforced through history. Another issue is how much of ‘childhood’ has been socially constructed (created and

Childhood is the age span ranging from birth to adolescence and its non-specific for it can imply a varying range of years in human development reference. The age ranges anywhere from 12 years to 15years with 18years being most common. Previous research done by sociologists focused on children primarily in terms of socialization and within the context of the family. The ‘new sociology of childhood’ argues that children inhabit more than one world, worlds that may well conflict those of adults, those of children 's own making, and those that children

In “The Kids Are Not All Right ,” author Joel Bakan argues that it is necessary to believe that childhood itself is now in a crisis. He states that it is necessary to reignite the guiding of ethos and practices of the century of the child. Bakan claims that children are endangered due to the exposure to violent media, potentially harmful psychotropic drugs, and increasing quantities of toxic channels. The author believes that we should work together as citizens to provide a safe community, through democratic channels and institutions, to bring change.

Childhood is a social construction and varies between times, places and groups. Most sociologists see our ides of childhood as a fairly recent one, the result of industrialisation and other social changes. Modern society constructs childhood as a tie of vulnerability, innocence and segregation from the adult world. The March of progress sociologist believe we live in an increasingly child-centred society. They state that children have existence of child poverty, abuse and exploitation. Child liberationists argue that children in modern western society are victims of age patriarchy and are subject to adult control. Some argue that we are witnessing the disappearance

In The Disappearance of Childhood, Neil Postman presents his ideas on the social artifact that is childhood. While he states that childhood is a recent invention, Postman declares that childhood is also disappearing and eroding at an alarming rate.

This book examines the distinctive contribution of sociology to debates on children and childhood although this is not at the exclusion of other disciplines such as education, geography or psychology. The book is structured around three core ideas; they are children, childhood and generation. Leonard examines the relationship between structure (e.g. laws, culture, religion and policy) and agency (e.g. the ways in which children can take action or influence and change their lives). Leonard argues that the lives of adults and children are inter-linked and conceptualises this as ‘generagency’. The author cites a wide range of research studies exploring children’s lives to support her argument. This text may support undergraduates and post-graduates

Childhood as disappearing/not disappearing will be discussed within this essay. There is no universal definition for childhood however in the western culture childhood is a period of dependency, characterised by learning the norms and values of society, innocence and freedom from responsibilities. Sociologists such as Postman and Jenks would argue that childhood is disappearing however Opie and Opie and Palmer would contradict this.

Starting with an overview of social constructionism in very general terms leads to build more explicit an understanding of child and childhood in a social world. The notion of social constructionism is defined in diverse disciplines and instead of generating a single description there are a number of thoughts. “It is sometimes called a movement, at other times a position, a theory, a theoretical orientation, an approach; psychologists remain unsure of its status” (Stam 2001, p. 294)”. Vivien (1995, p. 10) points out that the origin of social constructionism stems from two to three hundred years ago in the period of enlightenment, modernism and postmodernism. Berger and Luckmann’ (1966) book The Social Construction of Reality as the first book to have the title of “social construction”, has made an influential contribution in recent studies (Hacking, 1999). In this book, questioning everyday life realities and giving examples from it, shows the importance of social relations and the language that we used. Hacking’s (1999) The Social Construction of What? offers up-to-date and logical instances which enable us to comprehend these aspects. He lists a number of things that can be

Inequalities between children and adults could be the laws protecting children from work, as Firestone and Holt see it not as protection but as a form of inequality as it is a way of making them more powerless and dependent to adult control. Another form of adult control taken to the extreme is the use of physical or mental force. These actions are seen as the ‘dark side’ of family where children are victims of oppression. Other inequalities are the parental control over children’s space, the control over children’s time, the control over children’s bodies and the control over children’s access to resources. These inequalities contradict ‘March of progress’ view and sees society not becoming child centered, but instead child oppressing.

Childhood is often seen as a carefree time where children are able to grow and learn from the world around them. Many people have fond memories of their time as a child and would do anything to get it back. However, in Barrie’s Peter Pan, childhood is seen as a horror experience. This novel is read in stark contrast to Walt Disney’s popular movie version of Peter Pan. Disney’s version shows three children on the adventure of their life. But, Barrie’s Peter Pan is the exemplar of the childhood horror experience because of the actions of the characters of Mr. and Mrs. Darling, the actions of the character Captain James Hook, and the dangers inherent of being a child in this anarchistic place called Neverland.